[M HmitlM NEWS OF THE LANGUAGE PROBLEM AND ESPERANTO AS A SOLUTION Bimonthly organ of the Esperanto League for North America, Inc., Box 1129, El Cerrito, CA 94530 USA. Telephone (415) 653-0998. Editor: Catherine L. Schulze. Graphics: Wm. R.Harmon.lncludes promotional section inEnglishandinformationalsection in Esperanto for ELNA members. ISSN 0030-5065. Vol.17, No.2 March-April 1981 DOONESBURY by Garry Trudeau mows rrwAsswmm THAT ON DOWNSTAIRS. SHES I THE PHONE, BR/NGIN6UPA -e HONEY? TELE6RAM FORME! ATELE- SRAM? FROM WHOM? \ m&imisnstmA pmmmGAneoF FOURTRJAL15 ABOUT TO START, AW 1M 5UREVBECALLW A5A KB/WITNESS. MY YOU, HONEY? \ UEllJUSePTOBEMAffS PERSONAL TRANSLATOR. AFTERH&STROKE,1 MS THE ONLY PERSON IN CHINA UHOCOULP UNPERSTANPHIM. \ &J00J..SOPIDHE MBlJTHOUm REALLY ORPER. SQBUTIMAY TUB CULTURAL HAVE GOTTEN REWLUTION? ITUJR0N6. \ V I i i "v)Jr KrafELj" ®\980, C.B. Trudeau. Reprinted with permission of Universal Press Syndicate All rights reserved "It is high time that the world's nations understand that a neutral language could become for their cultures a veritable bastion against the monopolistic cultural inroads of only one or two languages. "A neutral language, like Esperanto, would indeed be an ideal solution of the language problem. It would guarantee more equality. " - Vigdis Finnbogadottir, President of Iceland - Monato, 9/80 INSIDE — The Language Problem The English Mystique Esperanto Group in British Parliament Que Pasa, USA? Qu'est-ce que se passe, Canada? International Aviation and the Language Problem Cybernetics and the Language Problem Rotary and the Language Problem Science and the Language Problem Cultural-Language Myopia Careers and Language Mensa and the Language Problem Book News ELNA CONVENTION Registration Form Ballot for ELNA Officers "Language is the main factor in our superiority over brother animal — and, in view of its explosive emotive potentials, a constant threat to survival... "We have communication satellites which can con- vey a message to the entire population of the planet, but no lingua franca which would make it universally understood. It seems odd that, except for a few valiant Esperantists, neither UNESCO nor any international body has as yet discovered that the simplest way to promote understanding would be to promote a language that is understood by all." — Arthur Koestler {Darkness at Noon, The Gladiators, et al) from JANUS —A Summing Up (Random House, 1978) THE ENGLISH MYSTIQUE or, W(h)ither English? Recently an argument has arisen in the Esperanto world. The questions raised go like this: 1) Is it necessary to struggle against the general dominance of English in international affairs? 2) Or is it better to wait and let nature take its course? 3) Or is the dominance of English already assured? 4) Should we concentrate our efforts in some relatively small area (e.g., Europe)? To reach some conclusion we must ask: just how did English get where it is today? Just exactly where is it? And where does it seem to be going? Today, roughly half a billion people throughout the world speak English, making it second only to Chinese. This all derives from one single fact: about ten thousand years ago, a lot of ice in the northern hemisphere melted. The British Isles, then a peninsula of Europe, were cut off from the continent by rising sea levels. When the RomanEm- pire broke up and the new Western Civilization (a la Toynbee) came into existence, France eventually became the premier power and French became the premier language. Britain turned overseas for power; France considered the Americas and Asia of merely peripheral importance. The result in the 1760's was the almost total exclusion of France from Asia and America, and the certainty that, on a world scale, French would eventually have to yield its international predominance to English. The decline of French came about as a result of political and military decisions, not as a result of any inherent characteristics of the French language. As the language which has largely replaced French in all fields of endeavor, English is in an excellent position today. It plays a leading role in international diplomacy. Sixty per- cent of all scientific papers are written in English. And in in- ternational civil aviation, pilots on international routes are required to be able to communicate in English, But we must remember that in many ways English has never reached the plateau that French once attained. In science, although sixty percent of scientific papers are writ- ten in English, this figure has not changed in twenty years, although before that it was increasing rapidly. And the Inter- national Civil Aviation Organization, in spite of the language rule it enforces (weakly) on its pilots, itself is the largest spender on language services of any body in the United Na- tions family. (See article this issue: "International Aviation and the Language Problem") These three fields give us some idea of current trends: In international diplomacy, the trend is not to greater use of English, but to the addition of more and more languages (six are now used by the UN General Assembly - compared with two in the League of Nations). In science, the use of English does not appear to have grown at all — indeed, it may have declined slightly-in the past decade. And recently there have been attempts in the ICAO to overturn the English-only rule-attempts that have failed, it is true, but as recently as fifteen years ago even the attempts would have been un- thinkable. The fall-off in the growth of English matches rather close- ly the decline in American political power. Very likely, American power has done much to keep the use of English at a relatively high level after the decline of Britain. The sole exception may be in science, where budget-cutting by the U.S. government may lead to an early decline in the use of English —most scientific papers, at least in fields such as Physics, published in this country derive from government- funded projects. What of the future? Without Esperanto, the world would seem to be headed toward linguistic chaos; there is no strong world power such as Great Britain waiting in the wings to pick up the linguistic pieces. Such a power could appear at any time in the future, but only through the traditional means of military, political, and/or economic conquest. Few of those reading this article would appreciate such a turn of events, I am sure. What about the future of Esperanto? Will it suffer a similar decline? Here we must recognize that Esperanto is, in many ways, unique. The strengths of English are extrin- sic - national power is the major one — and these are also its weaknesses. The strengths of Esperanto —political and religious neutrality, ease of learning —are not as flashy, but they are intrinsic to the language itself. So Esperanto-will not be subject to the same historical forces that make the decline of the various ethnic international languages in- evitable. — Don Harlow The ESPERANTO PARLIAMENTARY GROUP, with 127 Members of Parliament, is now the largest non-party group at Westminster. Aware that support for English is diminishing, that the number of languages constant- ly increases in such bodies as the UN, The European Parliament, ECC, and the like, these MP's believe that: * Esperanto would permit equality in debate, and • Esperanto would cut costs. An increasing number of radio and television pro- grams in Britain are airing the arguments about the language problem and Esperanto as a viable solution. QUE PASA, USA? Usono estas lando de la angla lingvo, ĉu ne? En februaro, ĉiu civitano de Ŝtato Kalifornio ricevis infor- mon pri ebla mon-repago de iu kompanio kiu tro pagigis por iu vestafo. Tiu informilo presiĝis en angla kaj hispanaj lingvoj. Tio ne estas fenomeno sed kutimas ĉe oficialaj dokumentoj — ekzemple, balotoj estas en la du lingvoj kaj en San Francisco, en ankaŭ tria lingvo — la ĉina. QU'EST-CE QUE SE PASSE, CANADA? English Becomes Illegal in Quebec (United Press arti- cle in San Francisco Chronicle, 1/1/81) For businessmen who want to advertise in Quebec Province, French is the law with those stiil using English signs and corporate names facing fines. Most companies comply. Some resist. And some are in a quandary. Curry Inn, a restaurant, if translated would imply rooms for rent. The Work Wearhouse, a clothing firm, simply adopted French phonetics - "La Ouerasse." But, asked Magdi Nicholas, manager of a steakhouse, "How do you translate 'Curly Joe's?'" £/^A/A /l/r^?i-^ s-S' NEBRASKA - a Multilingual State? In a talk at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Dr. Ralph Lewin of University of California-San Diego remarked on the single-language isolation of Nebraska. The following letter was written by David M. Gitlin,, Chairman of the Department of Modern Languages and Literature, University of Nebraska- Lincoln: "Nebraska is, surprisingly enough, a polylingual state, in which Anglo-Saxons are a small minority. This state was settled in the late 1800's by Germans (33%), Czechs (14%), Swedes (13%), Danes (8%), and Rus- sians (7%). "Many of the farming communities in Nebraska are mono- or bi-ethnic, and many of them preserve their linguistic tradition. We still occasionally get native Nebraskan undergraduates at the University whose first language was German, or Czech, and not English. "In addition to the above, numerous Indian groups in the state maintain their linguistic heritage, and Lakota Sioux is taught at the University. And Chicanos abound, both in Omaha and the western part of the state." Professor Paul Schach, with a grant from the Na- tional Endowment for the Humanities, is currently conducting a multifaceted research project which will construct a linguistic atlas of the state, and will make extensive recordings and notes of family histories and folklore in the various languages of Nebraska. CYBERNETICS AND ESPERANTO The 9th Annual International Cybernetics Conven- tion, September 1980 in Namur, Belgium, discussed the language problem in science. So many Esperanto- speaking scientists participated that the language was used experimentally for the first time by that group. The executive committee accepted the proposal of Dr. Helmar Frank (F.R. Germany) that at the next con- vention of the International Cybernetics Association, Esperanto be given full status as a working language. The use of Esperanto during the convention so im- pressed the president of the U.S. Association for Cybernetics that he declared his intention of introduc- ing it as a second language. THE LINGUA FRANCA, A Study of Esperanto and In- ternational Communication, was prepared by Jim Tanguay and Sybil Zimmer for George Washington University, MGT 260, Professor Stuart Empleby, December 1, 1980. The researchers have compiled a useful background reference for organizations con- templating use of the International Language. Quoting Dr. Humphrey Tonkin (University of Penn- sylvania): "The principal strength of Esperanto lies in its democracy...its use in the international sphere en- sures that no country or language group can gain im- mediate linguistic advantage." Andre Heck (IUE Observatory in Madrid): "Esperan- to has considerable advantages we should consider. The one that I would like to point out is that it is the most precise language I know, not only because of its extensive vocabulary, but also because of the many nuances it contains." The Office for Public Information, UN, New York NY 10017 has published the basic UN document in Esperanto: Carto de UN kaj Statuto de la Internacia Kortumo. Also available: Universala Deklaracio de Homaj Rajtoj. The documents may be ordered in the Esperanto version at the above address. INTERNATIONAL AVIATION AND THE LANGUAGE PROBLEM Paul Puvrez, a Toronto aeronautical engineer, writes about the problem of communication between airplane and control tower. "First, remember that avia- tion is not tourism. If a tourist makes mistakes because of language inadequacy, he does not necessarily cause accidents. He may suffer personal- ly, say, in case of illness or fire because he cannot understand instructions. "On the other hand, in aviation, it is a rule that to acquire an international license from OICA (Organiza- tion for International Civil Aviation), pilots, navigators, and the like must demonstrate skill in use of the English jargon necessary for communicating with control towers anywhere. A great deal of time and money is spent to develop this competency. Therefore, is there is a failure to communicate bet- ween tower and pilot because of language, the cause is that one of them did not qualify for that license." The whole matter of licensing, according to Puvrez, needs tighter controls. The matter is further com- plicated because "Some countries bristle at required use of another language when that language evokes unpleasant memories such as colonialism." "Over much of the world, the tower speaks the local language to in-country planes and English with inter- national traffic. A problem arises when a pilot hears instructions from the tower and soon afterward hears the same tower give instructions to another plane in a language he does not understand. The pilot becomes uneasy because he does not know what instructions are being given other pilots, whether there has been some error, and just when he needs his wits about him, he is unnerved and demoralized." It was just this kind of problem that, in 1976, caused pilots of Air Canada and Canadian Pacific Air to strike, when the Canadian Government permitted pilots flying over Quebec to speak French to the tower. Puvrez adds: "But it is difficult to point out this danger. If there is an accident, the inquiry can reveal the tower's error but not the nervousness of the pilot who did not understand." Reports of accidents are sent by member countries to OICA which publishes them in volumes translated into the various official languages. It is likely that such OICA documents are available through libraries or can be purchased from OICA. Address: Interna- tional Civil Aviation Organization, PO Box 400, Suc- cursale Place de I'Aviation Internationale, Montreal, P.Q., Canada H3A 2R2. And the Cost... OICA, as must other institutions of the United Na- tions, must adopt new official languages: arabic, Chinese, english, french, Spanish, and russian. In 1979, language services consumed 35.9% of the OICA budget! The flying public pays this cost — in lives and money. [Editor's Note: Mr. Puvrez, through his contacts with OICA, has been especially helpful to Akiko Woessink- Nagata, editor of "UN kaj Nl" published by UEA. Numbers 13 and 14 of that publication carry the article "Fluganta al Multlingvismo" (flying toward multil- ingualism). Others who contributed to this documen- tation were Australian Ambassador to the UN, the Honorable Ralph Harry and Eskil Svane of Denmark. The editor gratefully acknowledges the help of Paul Puvrez in preparing this article.] ROTARY INTERNATIONAL AND THE LANGUAGE PROBLEM Rotary Club delegates from Georgetown, San Mar- cos, Temple, Round Rock, and Florence (Texas) met at Southwestern University last weekend for a mock in- ternational convention to choose an international language they hope will be used by everyone in the world, Esperanto won out over 19 nominated languages. Thirty-four bilingual men and women representing 31 nations participated in the preliminary convention, "And they really got with the program-in fact, feel- ings ran pretty high at times over the language choice," said program organizer Ned Snead of Georgetown, After a multitude of speeches, caucuses and debates, the delegates chose Esperanto in a final ballot over Swahili. Rotarians who distinguished themselves at the con- vention will be matched with Rotary governors of various countries and will hold speaking engagements all over the world. The Sunday Sun, Georgetown TX11/23/80 [Editor's note: Snead hopes that several mock conven- tions will be held before Rotary International meets at Sao Paulo, Brazil in June, 1981. It is hoped that an in- ternational convention to select a common language for Rotary will be scheduled for summer 1982,] SCIENCE AND THE LANGUAGE PROBLEM Nearly three out of four R&D scientists and engineers believe that a universal language could help science, according to results of an opinion poll of its readers reported in Industrial Research & Develop- ment (Feb, 1981). At least 90% of the 2,500 replying were Americans, according to Kent Jones and Brian Mravic. I R&D has more than 103,000 subscribers. Here is a recap of the poll results: Of the respondents, 72% believe that universal ex- pression for classroom instruction, coherent, standar- dized nomenclature, and the possibility of worldwide TV classrooms by satellite would be among the benefits of a universal language. Although 94% of the respondents listed English (or American) as their first language, 27% say that they speak at least one other major language fluently. Considering Esperanto, often offered as the ideal universal language, three percent of the respondents report that they can communicate fluently in Esperan- to and another three percent claim some Esperanto skills. However, only 18% said they would not learn Esperanto, even if they believed that it would provide universal communication between scientific workers. Fully 62% said they would learn Esperanto, and 20% were undecided. MATHEMATICS AND ESPERANTO Forty members of the International Association of Esperantist-Mathematicians met in Budapest with mathematicians and computer experts from eight countries December 29, 1980-January 2, 1981. Lectures given resulted in a special issue of Matematiko Translimen which will appear in summer 1981. Work will begin on a university-level math text- book on problem solving. Heroldo, Feb. 26,1981 EUROPEAN COMMON MARKET LANGUAGE WOES MOUNT With its entry into the Common Market, Greece has begun a five-year trial period. The work is especially difficult because of the difference in alphabets. They have already sent 200 functionaries to Brussels, the first being the linguists who are finding the work of translating the main working documents exhausting. They calculate the workload by paper weight: The Treaty of Rome and related texts, 700 grams; Coal and Steel Treaty, 250 grams; etc. LINGUISTIC-CULTURAL MYOPIA SEPARATES U.S.-WORLD Former Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee j, William Fulbright said recently, "Our linguistic and cultural myopia is losing us friends, business, and respect in the world." {Newsweek, 7/30/79) Think about it. Among industrialized nations, the United States stands alone in its neglect of -foreign language study. Outside of the U.S., only four percent of the earth's population speaks English, while nine out of ten Americans cannot speak, read, or effective- ly understand any language but English. The United States currently has a trade deficit of $34 billion. According to some observers, "American inability to compete effectively in foreign markets is a result of our relative provincialism,..with a better blending of language and international business skills, we can become more effective in expanding U.S. ex- ports, increasing competitiveness abroad, reducing our trade deficit, and helping to pay for our oil im- ports." (Letter from House Ways and Means Commit- tee to colleagues in support of H.R. 4526, 7/24/79) "MADE IN JAPAN'-' is the way S. Yamazoe describes his English. Chairman of the Biochemical Department, Gunma University Medical School, Prof. Yamazoe says that he would not hesitate to speak before any size audience, anywhere in the world, in Esperanto. But he would not have the same confidence in English which he studied for many years and reads every day, he says. el ESTAS Ml ESPERANTISTO Verda stelo sur la brusto iom palas pro la rusto Mi ne estas purigisto; estas mi esperantisto. Gramatikon mi ne konas kaj gazeton ne abonas... Librojn legu la verkisto; estas mi esperantisto. Mi parolas kun rapido; "Bonan tagon! Gis revido! Ĝis sufiĉas por ekzisto; estas mi esperantisto. Julio Baghy £ £. s*- *p si/jr**^/*. £ 'rr% 'L s - 81 CAREERS AND THE LANGUAGE PROBLEM "The fact that so few American adults are fluent in any language but their own is probably reflective of a kind of smug Americocentric view of the world that assumes that anyone with whom we have need to communicate should learn to speak English. Jean Caffey Lyles, writing in the Christian Century (2/18/81), states: "An understanding of non-Western cultures is crucial for Americans in the late 20th cen- tury...Pierre Salinger, reporting for ABC on failures of the [hostage] negotiation process, suggested that the dialogue between the U.S. and Iran represented a massive culture gap. We based our thinking on tradi- tional Judaeo-Christian tenets. And what we professed was a respect for international laws. But in the eyes of the Iranians, international law was a creature of the West." On the contrary, when Japanese pockets suffered because of the oil crunch, the Japanese, as a country and as individuals, began to read and study about the Moslem religion and culture in an attempt to under- stand them and deal more effectively. Carl Rowan, in The Oregonian 1/14/81, writes: "Senator S.I. Hayakawa, R-Calif., has said that there are some 10,000 Japanese salesmen in New York City, all of whom speak English; while there are about 1,000 American salesmen in Japan, few of whom speak Japanese. If those figures are close to correct, you begin to see why we have a balance of trade problem." Similar situations are cited by Charles W. Bray III, deputy director of the U.S. International Communica- tions Agency: "We are being thrown into contact and conflict with peoples whose histories and motivations we scarcely understand." "If our armed forces had to send troops to the Mid- dle East or Africa, they would have few people available who could speak the languages" says Rep. Leon E. Panetta, D-Calif. Panetta contends that language training for the military is as vital to national defense as training in hand-to-hand combat. MOTHER TONGUE "No language barrier. No dictionary required." - Ad of the British Travel Association. Richard Armour in The New Yorker magazine several years ago quoted the foregoing ad in connec- tion with some clever verse on the differences bet- ween British and U.S. English, from which the follow- ing is an excerpt: Oh, to be in England, If only 'arf a mo', Where, when they speak of wireless, They mean a radio, Where private schools are public And public schools are snobby And insurance is assurance And a cop is called a bobby. There is no language barrier The tourist needs no dread As long as he knows English From A to Z (no, Zed). FROM YOUR PRESIDENT: With this issue of the ELNA Newsletter you will receive a ballot form for the election to be held at the annual Con- gress of ELNA this July. Historically the number of ELNA members participating in the election has reflected a relatively small percentage of the ELNA membership. This, I believe, does not indicate a lack of interest on the part of members in the future of Esperanto in the United States; rather, it more likely reflects a feeling on the part of many members that as they are not actively participating in ELNA matters, they will leave the voting up to others whom they think may be closer to the League's inner workings. To those who may be thinking in that way, I would like to say a few words. It is true that much of the work done by your League is concentrated in the Central Office and in a few League officers and long-time, active Esperantists. But ELNA was conceived as a democratic organization; and although its presidents and other officers to date have, I believe, acted in a selfless and dedicated manner, unless all members take an active interest in the League's activities and leadership that might not always be the case. I have enjoyed being your chosen leader for the past six years. It has given me the opportunity to work with some very fine people. I have refused the candidacy for president again simply because I hold the conviction that it is good for the League to have new leadership, that six years is long enough for anyone to hold the office. You have two outstan- ding candidates for the presidency on this ballot; Tom Goldman and Jack Lesh. I know them both well, and assure you that either would be a trustworthy, hard-working leader. The posts of Vice President and Board Member are also im- portant, and here again, you have an excellent slate to choose from. But the choice is YOURS; you have not only the right, as a member of ELNA, but the duty to exercise your vote. I hope that each and every member will do so. Thank you for placing your trust in me for the past six years-__________________ William R. Harmon INSTRUCTIONS FOR BALLOTING: Indicate your choice by placing an "X" in the box by the name of the candidate. For the posts of President and Vice President, choose only one name for each post. For the post of Board Member, choose no more than three names. Ballots not marked in accordance with these instructions will be invalid and will not be counted. Detach the ballot form, and place it in a plain envelope with no writing on the outside, and nothing but the ballot inside. Seal the plain envelope and place it in another envelope bearing your name and address in the upper left corner. Your name must be written clearly so that the ballot may be included if you are a member of ELNA in good standing as of the time of counting ballots. Mail the outer envelope containing the ballot and inner envelope to ELNA, Box 1129, El Cerrito CA 94530. Place the word "BALOTILO" on the lower left corner of the envelope ENCLOSE NOTHING BUT THE BALLOT ENVELOPE IN THIS ENVELOPE. IT WILL NOT BE OPENED UNTIL THE TIME OF THE ELNA CONGRESS IN NEW YORK. If mailing the ballot to the CO, it is suggested that the ballot not be placed in the mail AFTER JULY 15,1981 as it may not be delivered by the Postal Service in time. As an alternative to mailing the ballot, the ballot envelope may be delivered in person to the Director of the Central Of- fice or the Chairman of the Ballot Committee no later than noon of the first day's session at the ELNA Congress in New York. A call for such personally delivered ballots will be made during the first morning working session at the Con- gress. LINGVA KOMUNIKADO: Kie la mitoj? Kie la realeco? Meze de marto 1979, en la sidejo de Unesko en Parizo, okazis simpozio de la ne-registaraj organizaĵoj pri la rajto je komunikado. UEA iniciatis kaj kunorganizis la simpozion, en kiu la Asocion reprezentis E. Chicot, B, Despiney, P. Guerout kaj C. Piron. La 13an de marto Piron enkondukis la simpozian sekcion "Lingvo kaj komunikado" per la ĉi-sekva teksto. Brila en sia malŝabloneco, leĝera, kvazaŭ poemo kun strategie organizitaj strofoj, tiu teksto rikoltis aplaŭdegon eĉ ĉe tiuj skeptikaj simpoziistoj. Jen lekcio pri la arto moderne pledi por Esperanto. Ni lernu. Ni traduku kaj aperigu ĝin en la nacilingva gazetaro. ONI D1RIS AL Ml, kiam mi estis eta: "Ne timu demand! pri l'vojo. Uzu vian langon, kaj vi iros ĝis la ekstremajo de 1'mondo". Sed kelkajn kilometrojn for, alia lingvo uziĝis. Sin turni al iu surstrate utilis al nenio, Oni diris al mi: "Por komuniki kun eksterlando, studu lingvojn en klaso". Sed mi konstatis, ke 90% de la plen- kreskuloj ne povas sin plene esprimi per la lingvoj, kiujn ili studis lerneje, Oni diris al mi: "Per la angla vi povos vin komprenigi ie ajn en la mondo. Sed en hispana vilaĝo mi vidis fran- can kaj svedan aŭtojn karamboli; la ŝoforoj kapablis komuniki nek inter si nek kun la ĝendarmoj. En taj- landa urbeto mi vidis angorplenan turiston provi klar- igi siajn simptomojn al loka kuracisto; kompreniĝo ne oka/is. Mi laboris por UN kaj MOS en la kvin mondo- partoj. kaj mi konstatis en Gvatemalo, en Bulgario, en Kongo, en Japanio kaj en multaj aliaj landoj, ke ekster gra- ndaj hoteloj kaj aviadkompanioj, la angla estas senutila, Oni diris al mi: "Dank' al tradukado, la plej malprok- siniaj kulturoj nun alireblas a! eiu". Sed kiam mi kom- paris tradukojn kaj originalojn, mi vidis tiom da missigni- foj. da preterlasitajoj kaj da stilfuŝado, ke mi nur povis konkludi, ke traduki en niajn lingvojn vere estas perfidi. Oni diris al mi en okcidentaj landoj, ke la Trian Mon- don oni volas helpi, respektante la lokajn kulturojn. Sed mi vidis, ke tra ia angla kaj franca pasas plej fortaj kulturaj premoj. Mi vidis, ke senkonsidere al la lingva digno de aliulo, in dekomence trudas nian lingvon por komuniki kun li. Kaj mi vidis la sennombrajn proble- mojn, kiujn renkontas la trejno de l'lokanoj, car la okcidentaj teknikistoj ne scias la regionajn lingvojn, kaj en ĉi-lastaj lernolibroj ne ekzistas. Oni diris al mi: "Publika instruado garantios egalecon de la lancoj al la infanoj de ĉiuj medioj". Kaj mi vidis, precipe en la Tria Mondo, riĉajn familiojn send! siajn idojn al Britio kaj Usono, por ke ili lernu la anglan, kaj mi vidis la amasojn enŝlositaj en la propra lingvo, sub- metataj al tiu au tiu propagando, sen ekstera horizonto, tenataj ankaŭ per la lingvo en suba stato sociekonomia, Oni diris al mi: "Esperanto fiaskis". Kaj mi vidis en eŭropa montara vilaĝo infanojn de kamparanoj glate interkompreniĝi kun japanaj vizitantoj post ses mona- toj da lingvo instruiĝo. Oni diris al mi: "Al Esperanto homa valoro mankas". La lingvon mi lernis, mi legis ĝian poezion, ĝiajn kan- tojn mi aijskultis. En tiu lingvo mi ricevis konfidencojn de brazilanoj, ĉinoj, irananoj, poloj kaj eĉ juna uzbeko. Kaj jen mi - iama profesia tradukisto - devas konfesi, ke tiuj konversacioj estas la plej spontanaj kaj profun- daj, kiujn mi iam ajn havis en fremdlingvo. Oni diris al mi: "Esperanto estas la fino de ĉio kultura". Sed kiam en Orienta Europe, en Latina Ameriko, en Azio min akceptis esperantistoj, mi konstatis, ke pres- kaŭ ĉiuj estas pli kulturitaj ol la samlandanoj socie samnivelaj, Kaj kiam mi ĉeestis internaciajn debatojn tiulingve, la intelekta nivelo vere imponis al mi. Kornpreneble mi menciis ĉirkaŭ mi la aferon. Mi diris: "Venu! Vidu! Ekzistas io eksterordinara: lingvo, kiu vere bone solvas la komunikproblemon inter la popo- loj. Mi vidis hungaron kaj koreanon tiulingve diskuti pri filozofio kaj politiko kun flueco nekredebla, nur du jarojn post eklerno. Kaj mi vidis tion, kaj ankaii ĉi tion, kaj plue tion ĉi..." Sed oni diris al mi: "Ne estas serioze. Kaj, unue, tiu lingvo estas malnatura". Mi ne komprenas. Kiam la koro de homo, kiam ties impulsoj, kiam la plej fajnaj nuancoj de ties cerbo es- primiĝas rekte, de buŝo al orelo, per lingvo, kiun nas- kis disflorado da interetnaj komunikoj, oni diras al mi: "Ĝi estas malnatura". Sed kion mi vidas, vojaĝante tra 1'mondo? Mi vidas homojn rezigni la sopiratan dialogon kun la loĝantoj de l'lando, kie ili pasas au restadas. Mi vidas gestan komunikadon konduki al groteskaj miskomprenoj. Mi vidas personojn soifajn je kulturo, kiujn lingvobari- lo malhelpas legi tiom da dezirataj verkoj. Mi vidas multegajn homojn, post ses aŭ sep jaroj da lingvolerno, paroli hake, ne trovi la gustajn vortojn, uzi ridigan pro- noncon, kaj fuŝi la nuancojn, kiujn ili volis esprimi. Mi vidas lingvajn neegalecon kaj diskriminacion vigle pro- sper! tutmonde. Mi vidas diplomatojn kaj fakulojn paroli en mikrofonon, kaj audi aŭskultile alian voĉon ol tiun de la reala kunparolanto. Ĉu tion vi nomas "komuniki nature"? Cu la arto problemsolvi kun inteli- gento kaj sentemo ne plu apartenas al la naturo homa? Multon oni diras al mi, sed mi konstatas alion. Mi do vagas senkonsila en ĉi tiu socio proklamanta la rajton de ĉiu je komunikado. Kaj mi ne scias, ĉu oni trompas min, aŭ ĉu mi estas freneza. Claude Piron Translation on opposite page. esperanto 1979 majo / 87 MENSA INTERNATIONAL AND THE LANGUAGE PROBLEM Audrey C.E. Childs-Mee writes in Mensa International (Oct. 1980): "Inspired by the Serebriakoff report, 'International Overview', [Mensa journal, 238), and spurred on by recent developments within the Esperanto movement, I decided that it was time for Esperanto to make a more positive con- tribution to the declared aims of Mensa international, and for Mensa to make a more positive contribution to the declared aims of the international Esperanto movement. "So - what is Esperanto, what are the aims of the Esperan- to movement, and what is the connection with Mensa? "Esperanto, the international language, has been around for a little less than a hundred years. It has survived two ma- jor wars and several minor wars; it has its own 'Honors List' of martyrs (dictators generally fear it); it has an interesting original literature, some of which has been translated into national languages; and it links people of varying interests world-wide in a single purpose, freedom of communication for all." The following text is a translation, from the original Esperanto, of the introductory paper read by Claude Piron (Switzerland), during a symposium at the UNESCO head- quarters in Paris on the topic "The right of communication." Which are the myths? What is the reality? They said to me when I was a child: "Don't be afraid to ask the way. Use your tongue and you can travel the world." But a few kilometers away they us- ed another language. To speak to someone in the street was pointless. They said to me: "To communicate with foreigners, learn languages at school." But I observed that 90% of adults couldn't fully express themselves in the languages which they had studied at school. They said to me: "With English you can make yourself understood anywhere in the world." But in a Spanish village I saw a French car and a Swedish car collide; the drivers could communicate neither with one another nor with the police. In a little Thai township I saw a tourist in an agony of pain, trying to describe his symptoms to a local doctor - but in vain. I have worked for the United Nations and the World Health Organisation in all five continents, and I saw in Guatemala, in Bulgaria, in the Congo, in Japan and in many other countries, that outside the confines of the big hotels and airline companies, English is useless. They said to me: "Thanks to the art of translation, even the most remote cultures are open to everyone." But when I compared translations with their originals I saw so many stylistic blunders, that I could not but conclude that to translate into our (national) languages is truly to perpetrate a breach of faith. They said to me in the countries of the West, that they wanted to help the Third World while respecting the local cultures. But I saw that strong cultural pressures accompanied the use of the English and French languages. I saw that without thought for the lingual dignity of others, we, from the outset, intruded our language as the communicating medium. And I saw the countless problems encountered in the train- ing of the local people, because the technicians of the Western World do not know the languages of the local people, and in these languages there are no text books. They said to me: "Education for all will guarantee equality of opportunity to the children of all classes." And I saw, especially in the Third World, rich families send their children to Britain and the United States of America, to learn English; and I saw the masses im- prisoned in their own language, subjected to this or Hi that propaganda, without external perspective, held, again by the language, in an inferior position socially and economically. They said to me: "Esperanto has failed miserably." Yet I saw in a mountain village of Europe, the children of country folk chatting freely with Japanese visitors, six months after first encountering the language. They said to me: "Esperanto lacks human value." I learned the language, I read its poetry, I listened to its songs. In it I have exchanged confidences with Brazilians, Chinese, Iranians, Poles and even with a young man from Uzbekistan. And here am I, a one- time professional translator— having to confess that those conversations are the most spontaneous, the most profound which I have ever had in a foreign language. They said to me: "Esperanto means the end of everything cultural." Yet when, in Eastern Europe, in Latin America, in Asia, I was entertained by esperan- tists, I realized that practically all of them were more cultured than their compatriots of the same social level. And when I attended international debates in the language, I found the intellectual level truly im- pressive. Naturally, I spoke about this to those about me. I said: "Come on! Look! Here's something extraor- dinary, a language which really does solve the pro- blem of communication between the peoples of the world. I have seen a Hungarian and a Korean using the language to discuss philosophy and politics with a fluency incredible after only two years' study. And I've seen that, and also this, and further this..." But they said to me: "It's not serious. For one thing, the language is unnatural." I do not understand. When a man's emotions, his impulses, the finest nuances of his thought are ex- pressed directly, from mouth to ear, in a language born of the flowering of interethnic communication, they say to me: "It's unnatural!" But what do I see as I travel the world? I see people resign from the longed-for conversations with those who live in the countries through which they are pass- ing or in which they are staying. I see communication by gestures lead to quite grotesque misunderstan- dings. I see people thirsting after culture but prevented by the language barrier from reading so much of the sought-after literature. I see masses of people who, after six or seven years of language learning speak choppily, fail to find the right word, employ a laughable pronunciation and are quite incapable of expressing the nuances they so desire to convey, I see language inequality and language discrimination vigorous and flourishing throughout the world. I see diplomats and specialists speak into microphones and hear, through listening devices, a voice other than that of their actual part- ners in discussion. Is that what you call "com- municating naturally"? Is the art of problem-solving by intelligence and sensitivity no longer a part of the nature of man? They have told me much but my observation tells me other. So I wander bewildered in this society which proclaims the right of everyone to com- municate. And I don't know whether 'they' are deliberately deceiving me, or whether I am plain crazy. [Note: Esperantists interested in the Mensa organization should write to ELNA Pres. Wm. R. Harmon, Box 7 129, El Cer- rito, CA 94530 for information.] Piron's new BASIC ESPERANTO will debut at San Fran- cisco State University June 29-July 17, 1981 From the introduction to Claude Piron's Basic Esperanto Course: "This course is based on several principles that have emerged from research in psycholinguistics and educational psychology as applied to language learn- ing. "One of the main factors in the acquisition of a foreign language is motivation. To encourage the stu- dent to carry on his learning effort, and to maintain a sufficient level of motivation, this course has been devised as a story, with an element of suspense being introduced as early as the second chapter." Piron estimates that the 750 rootwords and word elements gradually introduced in the course corres- pond to an active word stock of about 7365 words. The final chapter contains only 3% of new roots. The suspense story is almost entirely dialogue involving young adults. Rules are learned by the inductive method. For information about courses, scholarships, hous- ing and registration forms, contact: Cathy Schulze, 410 Darrell Road, Hillsborough, CA 94010. Telephone: (415) 342-1796. [Editor's note: The Esperanto Center in Nagoya, Japan has added a publishing department. Claude Piron's Esperanto, ĉu eŭropa aŭ azia Lingvo? will appear short- ly in Japanese.] "LA HOMO KAJ LIA SERĈADO PRI LA FELIĈO" estas filmbendo 35mm (88 eroj), 13 minuta, kun sonbendo. La Mormona eklezio kreis la filmbendon por prezenti la temon al interesuloj. La Esperanto-version faris Osvaldo D.V. Villanueva el Argentino sub la gvido de Paul R. Kern de la Esperanto-fako, Brigham Young University. Prezo de filmo; $5.00. Mendu ĉe: Por- Esperanta Mormonaro, PO Box 7222, University Sta- tion, Provo UT 84601. BOOK NEWS Novaj Eldonaĵoj La Hungara Esperanto-Asocio anoncas, ke fine de septembro, por omaĝi la 90-an datrevenon de la naskiĝo de Kalocsay, aperos la libro Tutmonda Sonoro, lia internacia tradukantologio, en du binditaj volumoj de ĉ. 700 paĝoj, kiu haveblos fine de la jaro de la ELNA Librpservo kontraŭ proks. $45.00 (je la nunaj kurzoj). Gi enhavos 580 poemojn de 185 aŭtoroj, kaj fragmentojn el Gilgameŝa Epopeo, la Biblio, la Rig-Vedo, ktp. Se vi volas mendi tiun libron, bonvolu nun informi la Centran Oficejon, por indiki al ni, kiom da ekzempleroj ni devos mendi. ELNA fieras anonci, ke oni lastatempe nomis nin perantoj de FONTO, la nova monata literatura revuo redaktata de William Auld kaj eldonata en Brazilo. En sia rajtiga letero al ELNA, la eldonisto, S-ro Gersi Alfredo Bays, skribis i.a.: "Materialo por la revuo ne mankas. Niaj verkistoj estas eĉ pli entuziasmaj ol ni esperis." Kosto de unujara abono estas $15.00. AN IMPORTANT BOOK OFFER (A Truly International Collaboration] PLENA ANALIZA GRAMATIKO, Kalocsay- Waringhien, has been completely revised and expanded. Written by a Hungarian and a Frenchman, typeset in Brazil, Belgium, and the Netherlands, proofread in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany, it was printed in China and published in the Netherlands. - Heroldo, March 22 1981 600 pages $29.95 Available from ELNA Book Service ELNA TAPE LIBRARY Librarian Ken Ver Ploeg reports that the Library now has 439 tapes with additions from Swiss Radio and Peking, among others. #434 affords pleasurable listening - Wm. Auld, reading from Infana Raso and Freneza Tefesto with musical background. He is joined by Probal Dasgupta reading five poems from Tagore. Alberta Casey, San Diego, sings in a tape from Swiss Radio. NOTE: The new ELNA Booklist will contain a complete list of these tapes. Tape borrowers should send a minimum of $2 to Mr. Ver Ploeg, depending on complexity of their requests. Write to: H. K. Ver Ploeg, 321 E. 19th Ave., Spokane, WA 99213. BIOLOGIA KAJ JURA SUPLEMENTOJ DE HEROLDO kiuj aperis en numero 2-31 senpage mendeblaj. Skribu kun 2 IRK al: Heroldo, C-J Ramon Jiminez 28, 6°A, Madrid 16, Spain. ESPERANTO-SOCIETO de Turku, Finnlando petas kased- kaj poŝtkart-salutojn okaze de la 20a datreveno en oktobro. Se eble sendu antaŭ junion al: Joma Ahomaki, Kurjenkatu 1 A 25, SF-20760, PIISPANRISTI-TURKU, Finnlando. ANONCOJ S-ro A. Holzhaus, fama Esperanto-biografiisto, celas eldoni aron da koncizaj biografioj de L.L. Zamenhof (ĉ. 1500 vortoj) en almenaŭ 70 lingvoj. Li nun havas tradukojn en 67 lingvoj, jene: afrikansa, albana, angla, araba, armena, belorusa, bretona, bulgara, ĉeĥa, ĉina, dana, estona, finna, fran- ca, frisa, gaela, germana, greka, groenlanda, gujaratia, hebrea, hispana, hungara, irlanda, itala, japana, jida, kastilia, kataluna, kimra, korea, kroata, lapona, latina, litova, livona, luksemburga, makedona, malagasa, malaja, malta, maoria, moldava, nederlanda, norvega, paŝtua, persa, pola, portugala, romanĉa, rumana, rusa, serba, sinhala, skota, slovaka, slovena, sorba, sveda, telugua, turka, ukrajna, urdua, uzbeka, valona, kaj vaska. Se vi scipovas lingvon alian ol la supre cititaj, aŭ konas iun, kiu tion scipovas, bonvolu kontakti8 S-ron A. Holzhaus, 2748 Orchard Lane, Columbus, IN 47201. Philippa Liana ("Pippa") Charters prezentis sin al la gepatroj Pat kaj Duncan en februaro. Je 31 an marto ŝi faros la unuan eksterlandan vojaĝon kun la gepatroj la grupo de studentoj en Hispanujon. POLA ESPERANTO-ASOCIO, filio en Bydgoszcz, organizas konferencon de Monda Turismo 31a majo- 7a junio 1981. Kontaktu Pola Esperanto-Asocio, Ul. M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 10, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Pollan- do. Individuoj kiuj dezi/as investi en Esperanto-kultur- feriodomo en Florida, skribu al: Mark Weddell, PO Box 1042, Indian Rocks Beach, FL 33535. [Notu: ELNA nek favoras, malfavoras, subtenas, nek malsubtenas ĉi tiun entreprenon. Ci tiu anonco aperas nur porinforme.] Kolektu Esperantaĵojn (propagandajn kartojn, kongres-insignojn, poŝtmarkojn, poŝtajn stampojn, propagandajn glumarkojn, ktp). Skribu al la Esperanto-Ligo Filatelista, Prez. Ivar Paulsson, Algatan3, S171 33 SOLNA, Svedujo (kun IR)porinfor- moj. Harold Dreyer, antaŭe Direktoro de la ELNA Centra Oficejo, Jus akceptis postenon de ELNA Arkivisto. Dreyer transprenas la taskon de D-ro B.J. Balcar de Monterey, California. D-ro Balcar, kiu ĵus fariĝis 75-jara, [gratulegon!] fidele prizorgis la arkivojn de la ligo dum multaj jaroj. La vasta dokumentaro nun troviĝas plejparte en la ELNA Centra Oficejo. Pri ĉiuj aferoj arkivaj, komuniku kun S-ro Dreyer pere de la Centra Oficejo, PO Box 1129, El Cerrito CA 94530. La kaso de SFSU-student-subvencioj ricevis modestan donacon de S-ro William Schuize, je memoro de for- pasinta membro George Lockhart. Aliaj kiuj volas memorigi forpasintan samidean(in)on per investo en la estonteco per donaco al ĉi tiu subvencia kaso, povas ricevi informon de Cathy Schuize, 410 Darrell Road, Hillsborough, CA 94010. Grupo Esperantista de Bilbao, Barrencalle Barrena 7, 1°, dcha, Bilbao 5 Hispanujo festos la 75an datrevenon je 18-21 junio, 1981. La grupo invitas ĉiujn Esperantistojn. IMPORTANT - RE TRAVEL TO ESPERANTO CON- GRESS IN BRAZIL: ELNA Travel Committee Member Janet Brugos-Young is currently in France. In her absence the Brazil tours are being handled by Marilee Fisher, who calls atten- tion to possible fare increases on April 1, 1981. The fares have gone up twice since the brochures were mailed last summer. NOTE: Tours 4 and 5 have been dropped. Tour 6 may be dropped soon unless there are more sign-ups. Category C of the hotels has been dropped. Re travel to the ELNA Convention in New York in con- junction with the Congress in Brazil, contact: Marilee Fisher (in English only), Horizon Travel, 928A Sir Fran- cis Drake Blvd., Kentfield CA 94904. Tel.: (415) 459-1313 or at home (415) 479-3143. On travel to the ELNA Convention in New York from the western states, contact ELNA Travel Committee member Lucille Harmon, Howard Travel Service, 578 Grand Ave., Oakland CA 94610. Tel.: (415) 836-1710 or at home (415) 524-8261. ESPERANTISTS TO VISIT CHINA IN MAY At the invitation of the Ĉina Esperanto-Ligo, a group of 16 U.S. Esperantists will visit China this May, led by ELNA President William R. Harmon. The group will be in China from May 3 to May 25, and a smaller group of 10 will visit Japan for a week enroute home to the U.S. Members of the group ac- companying President Harmon are: Marion Bigelow, Fresno; Jesse and Helen Burke, San Diego; Calvin and Stella Toogood Cope, Berkeley; Paz Macasaet, San Francisco; Julius and Betty Manson, New York; Mary Murray, Gresham, Oregon; Cecilia Peterson, Downey, California; Gertrud Ross, Eugene, Oregon; Paul Stein, La Jolla, California; Arnold Victor, New York; John Weeks, Anchorage; and Betty Worswick, San Rafael, California. The group will visit a number of locations with Esperanto groups or classes, including Beijing , Shanghai, Guilin, Nanjing, Suzhou, and Hangzhou, and will be accompanied by Chinese Esperantists throughout the trip. President Harmon will carry an official letter of greetings from the League to the Ĉina Esperanto-Ligo, and will participate in discussions of areas of cooperation between the two organizations including publishing and exchanges. Other members of the delegation will carry letters of greeting from Esperan- to groups and classes in the U.S. to their counterparts in China, including a communication from the San Francisco Regional Esperanto Organization (SFERO) to the Esperanto Club of Shanghai, San Francisco's "Sister City" in China. Arrangements for the tour were made by ELNA Travel Committee Member Lucille Harmon in col- laboration with the Cina Esperanto-Ligo. One of the items to be discussed in China is the arrangement for another group of U.S. Esperantists to visit China. Mrs. Harmon reports that those who had expressed a desire to accompany the delegation to China this year but were not included, will have priority when the next group is formed, probably in mid-1982. Those in- terested in joining such a group may contact Lucille Harmon at the address and phone given in the article above. SKRIBAS LEGANTOJ READERS' THOUGHTS Re "Needed: A Cure for the World Health Organiza- tion" (Piron, p.3, Sept-Oct NL) let's start a blitz - each of us send copies to our Senators, Representatives, the President, and Ambassador to the United Nations and urge them to use their influence to get the U.S. to re- quire all of our diplomats to learn Esperanto. - Pearl Wegher, Greeley, CO [Ed. note: The open letter to WHO was written by Dr. Claude Piron, Univ. of Geneva, who will teach the Esperanto classes at San Francisco State University June 29-luly 17, 1981.] Mi ĵus ricevis provnumeron de MONATO kaj tiom ŝategas ĝin, ke mi ne nur abonos ĝin, sed eĉ aĉetos duan abonon por la Seattle Public Library, se mi ne sukcesas "vendi" la ideon al tiu instanco. - Leland Bryant Ross, Seattle, WA Ni trovas, ke via revuo estas lastatempe pli bonkvalita ol antaŭe; precipe al ni plaĉas la literatura suplemen- to. Hodiau ni deziras aldoni niajn vortojn al viaj aver- toj al korespondemuloj. La internacia fako de J El avide atendas senrezerv- ajn atakojn de korespondemuloj el ELNA-membraro. Ni esperas, ke ili notos sian aĝon, sekson, profesion, hobion, kaj ankaŭ speficajn dezirojn. Venu svarme da petleteroj al Japanio. — Revuo Orienta de Japana Esperanto Instituto [Ed note: jEl is the strongest national Esperanto move- ment in the world outside Europe. Those ELNA members who want to take them up on their invitation to solicit Japanese penpals, write to: Internacia Fako, Japana Esperanto-lnstituto, 12-3 Waseda mati, Sinzyuku-ku, Tokyo 163 Japan.] Ni ĉiuj scias, ke penso antaŭas kreitaĵon. Pensoj estas kreaj, kaj ni povas diri, ke pensoj estas aĵoj. Se esperantistoj tage donus konscian penson al Esperan- to kiel la dua lingvo por la mondo, Esperanto baldaŭ estus instruata en la lernejoj ĉie, kaj estus sur la lipoj de ĉiuj. Diru preĝon por la lingvo de frateco. Al Estling, Walla Walla, WA An editorial note in the Jan-Feb NL concerning the Esperanto crush in Iran caught my eye. You expressed the hope that distribution of The Esperanto Book will have a similar result here. I share your hope. It is, however, in my view a slim one. (Oops, I broke the code of the West - I said a discouraging word.) A bet- ter effort might be to try to interest and involve the Educational Testing Service, Princeton NJ. ETS con- structs tests for use in college admissions, for col- legiate advanced placement, for self-taught adults (CLE.P. Tests), for candidates for graduate and pro- fessional schools, and for graduate student language requirements, among others. The possibility of college credit by means of advanced placement or "CLEP" tests might be a considerable spur in popularizing the international language. I hope you will find this sug- gestion useful. - John Thomas Johnson, St. Petersburg, FL UNUA KOLOKVO PRI KOMPUTORIKO Alvoko por Artikoloj. Temoj: — Georiaj fundamentoj pri informa prilaboro (matematikaj metodoj kaj teorioj) — Komputora arkitekturo (progresoj en teknologio) — Novaj hardvaraj produktoj (memoroj, mikroprocesoroj, icoj (Integraj Cirkvitoj) — Softvaro (operaciadaj sistemoj, programlingvoj, organizado) — Datenbazoj kaj informaj sistemoj (modeloj, teknikoj) -Komputoraj retoj kaj komunikoj (radiaj, satelitaj, optikfibraj datenretoj, elektronika poŝto, in- terkonekto de retoj, privateco kaj sekureco de la komunikoj) — Komputorado en scienco kaj industrio (parolo per pakoj, industria automatigo kaj robotiko) -Sociaj kaj ekonomikaj efikoj — Informa prilaboro kaj eduko (komputoruzaj edukaj sistemoj, komputoroj en lernejo) -Komputoroj en la ĉiutaga vivo (distro, klerigo) — Protokola reprezento kaj normigo — Novaj servoj: videotekso, teletekso, faksimilo. Partoprenaj kondiĉoj: La aŭtoroj devas verki artikolon kies amplekso devas esti inter 5 kaj 20 paĝoj (inkl. resumon, enkon- dukon, tekston, konkludon, bibliografion, glosaron kaj biografion kun nigra-blanka foto). La artikoloj devas esti originale verkitaj en Esperan- to. La artikoloj devas esti tajpitaj aŭ kompostitaj kaj prezentiĝi sur papero kies formato estas A4 (21 cm x 29.7 cm), nur unuflanka tajpado. La aŭtoroj devas sendi la artilolan originalon kun unu kopio kaj konservi bonan kopion (kaze de poŝta perdiĝo) antaŭ la fino de junio 1981 al: S-ro C. Bertin, VRE-TDP, C.C.E.T.T.B.P., 1266 F-35013 RENNES Cedex Francio. Telekso: 740 284. NOTO: La kolokvo estas perkoresponda kolokvo; tio signifas ke la aŭtoroj ne estos invitataj publike prezenti siajn artikolojn. La CCETT (Centro Komuna Esplora pri Brodkasto kaj Telekomuniko) kajeroforme eldonos la artikolojn per fotokopiado de la originaloj antaŭ la fino de aŭgusto 1981; ĉiu aŭtoro senpage ricevos ekzempleron de tiu kajero. Se la perkoresponda kolokvo sukcesos, publika kolokvo povos okazi dum la posta jaro. IRU EN K-RC-RON! Nia membro, S-ro H. J. Lewis (Box 1322, Halifax N.S. Kanado B3K 5H4) informas nin, ke li ellaboris mikrokomputilan version de la konata ludo HANGMAN en Esperanto por la maŝino TRS-80 Marko I (BASIC Nivelo II). La programo utiligas malpli ol 4K da memorspaco. S-ro Lewis skribis en la revuo Lumo de la Kanada Esperanto-Asocio: "...mi decidis, ke 'pendigo' estus tro drasta puno por kelkaj malĝustaj konjektoj, kaj mi tial renomis la ludon 'karcero'." Se iu ELNAano posedanta tiun maŝinon deziras ko- pion de la programo, S-ro Lewis proponas provizi ĝin kontraŭ eventuala kosto de la kasedo. S-ro Lewis ankaŭ afable proponas provizi kopion de la tajpita listo de la programo kontraŭ nura peto; sed ni rekomendas, ke eventualaj petantoj aldonu Interna- cian Respondkuponon al sia peto. 10 ESPERANTO LEAGUE FOR NORTH AMERICA — BOX 1129, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 Enclosed is $_ Enclosed is $_ NAME_____ for Dnew □ renewal membership in ELNA for the year 1981. as my tax-deductible donation to ELNA. ADDRESS Name and address of each new member published in ELNA Newsletter and next edition of the JELNA Adresaro unless member indicates otherwise. CITY, STATE, ZIP Check correct category: □ Regular ($20) □ Family ($30) D Youth (18 or under) ($10) DStudent (full-time, 25 or under) ($10) DSenior (65 or over) ($12.00) DLife ($400) DATE OF BIRTH (If applying for Youth, Student, or Senior Membership)_____________ Telephone Number: Area Code [ Radio Call Sign May we publish your telephone number in the ELNA Adresaro? _ May we publish your address?_ WELCOME, NEW MEMBERS! BONVENON, NOVAJ ELNA-ANOJ! *Anson, Robert Majkul Beggs, Keith Behrens, Paul D. Blaine, Roger Bledsoe, William K. Buck, Carol Chapman, Charles W. "Chavez, Richard Dick, Merle *Escalante, Luis Fernando Hamilton, Ian *Humble, Stephen Kurtti, Daniel R. Leonard, Martin C. Lincolnhol, Paul Martin, John W. Montgomery, Ruth Papp, Sandor Pauling, John W. Rabenold, Peter Savren, Clifford Schmitt, Steven Townsend, Thomas C. Umpleby, S. *Volcheck, Jan Winters, David R. Severna Park, MD San Francisco, CA Elmer, NJ Granville, OH Seattle, WA New York, NY Ventura, CA Los Angeles, CA Stockton, CA San MigueldeTucuman, Argentina El Cerrito, CA Cambridge, MA FPO San Francisco, CA Emmet, ID Tallahassee, FL San Leandro, CA Philadelphia, PA San Francisco, CA Miami, FL St. Leonard, MD Cleveland, OH St. Louis, MO Los Angeles, CA Washington, DC West Chester, PA Halifax, Canada *Youth and student members. Statistically we now have 49 new members for 1981, of whom 8 are youth/student members. Names above include those who joined from January 1 through March 26, 1981. DU PROJEKTOJ BEZONAS KUNLABORANTOJN! 1. Tradukado de nemia lernolibro. Kontaktu: R. Kent Jones, 452 Aldine, Apt. 501, Chicago IL 60657. 2. Nova grupo de komputilaj sciencistoj bezonas helpon en la tradukado de artikoloj kaj libroj. La unua projekto estas komputila terminareto. Kontaktu: Michael A. Pogue, Komputila Subkomitato, 45-11 Briarwood Lane, Marlboro MA 01752. - Komitato por Sciencaj kaj Teknikaj Aferoj, ELNA {vidu UN kaj Ni, N-ro19) SENPAGA POŜTA KURSO DE BAZA ESPERANTO ofertata de R. Eichholz, Esperanto Press, Bailieboro, K0L 1B0, Canada, je tre favoraj prezoj, en diversaj kvantoj. Reviziitan, korektitan lecionaron. Pro- pagande utila. Por prezlisto sendu memadresitan koverton kun IRK al S-ro Eichholz. ESPERANTO ON RADIO Redaktoro de Esperanto-elsendoj, Antonio de Salvo de Radio Roma anoncas, ke ekde marto 1981, Radio Roma elsendos en Esperanto ne dimanĉe, kiel ĝis nun, sed SABATE, kaj petas, ke Esperantistoj skribu danka- jn vortojn al Radio Roma pro ĝia saĝa decido: Radio Roma, Esperanto, C.P. 320, 1-00100, Roma Centra Corr. Italy. Esperanto Radio Continues Expansion Hard on the heels of the boost given Radio Beijing (China) short wave broadcasts in Esperanto, which were stepped up from three daily broadcasts to four times daily with an additional target, the continent of South America, in September comes a report from Spain on the reactivation of an old favorite among Esperanto-speaking radio listeners from the 1950s and early 60s. Radio Bilbao, in Spain's turbulent northern Basque country (home of Europe's oldest still-spoken language), has resumed broadcasting in Esperanto after a hiatus of two decades. Th's time, it has gone one better by presenting a program jointly with the other leading station in the Basque country, Radio San Sebastian, transmitted simultaneously over both transmitters. Listeners in south, west ar.d parts of north Europe, and on islands in the Atlantic, can hear the pentalingual broadcast in Spanish, Esperanto, English, French and Swedish, between midnight and 1:30 a.m., Greenwich Time, on Sunday mornings via Radio Bilbao on 990 kHz and via Radio San Sebastian on 1260 kHz, both in the AM band. The broadcasts emphasize tourism, culture, and current events in the Basque country and answers to listeners' letters. - Richard E. Wood ERIC NGWA, a student from Cameroon, Africa, has just received his MA in Engineering at George Washington University. He sends greetings to all those who studied Esperanto with him at San Fran- cisco State University. He is returning home to begin his career. Write to: Eric NGWA, c/o N. Ngwa, Divi sional Office, Donga Mantung Division NKAMBE, United Republic of Cameroon, Africa. 11 Esperanto League for North America P.O. Bo* 11» El Cerrito, CA 94530 Usono/USA Nonprofit Or^onilotion U.S. POSTAGE PAID Berkeley, CA Permit No. 330 NEWS - PLEASE EXPEDITE Address Correction Requested Return Postage Guaranteed I: ELNA DUES FOR 1981 Individual Member $20.00 Family Membership 30.00 Youth Member (under 18 years) 10.00 Student Member (under 25 years) 10.00 Senior member (65 or over) 12.00 Life Membership 400.00 HEROLDO DE ESPERANTO - Independent newspaper in Esperanto. 17 issues yearly; news, views, reviews, poetry, humor, calendar of events, science. SURFACE MAIL $15.00 VIA AIRMAIL $18.00 1981 TARIFF FOR U.E.A. Member-Yearbook (MJ) $ 13.60 Member-Subscriber (MA) 34.00 Societo Zamenhof (additional) 68.00 Subscription only to Esperanto 20.40 Subscription only to Kontakto 10.20 Life Membership in UEA 850.00 Send payments for UEA memberships or subscriptions to UEA Chief Delegate for USA Bonnie Helmuth, Box 2615, La Jolla CA 92038. You may also include UEA memberships or subscriptions with ELNA membership dues or book orders and send to ELNA Central Office, Box 1129, El Cerrito, CA 94530. Qon'tclamupt PLEASE IMMEDIATELY NOTIFY ELNA OF ANY CHANGE OF ADDRESS OR TELEPHONE NUMBER ESPERANTO CALENDAR 1981 26 - 28 June 23rd Canadian Esperanto Conven- tion, Montreal 29 June-17 July San Francisco State University Esperanto Courses - 3 levels, 3 units 10-17 July 37th World Esperanto Youth Conven- tion - Oaxtepec, Mexico 17-21 July 29th Annual Esperanto Convention, Esperanto League for North America, Inc. - New York City 25 July -1 August 66th World Esperanto Convention - Brasilia, Brazil 10 -12 October Intermontara Esperanto Conference - Pueblo, Colorado 1981 •1981 • 1981 •1981 •1981 • 1981 •1981 • 1981 ABONU All REABONU La Cinan Monatan Gazeton en Esperanto EL POPOLA ĈINIO Abonprezoj: por 1 jaro $6.00 por 2 jaroj $10.00 por 3 jaroj $15.00 If you haven't seen a copy of this long-established, full-color magazine crammed with up-to-date news of China and modern Chinese society, the ELNA Central Office will send you a free copy while the supply lasts. El Popola Ĉinio is one of the most outstanding Esperanto publications in the world. Look it over and you'll agree! Sendu abonpagojn al la loka peranto: ELNA CENTRA OFICEJO BOX 1129 EL CERRITO, CA 94530