INTER LANGUAGE * AMERICAN ESPERANTO MAGAZINE Oficiala Organo de la ESPERANTO ASOCIO de NORD-AMERIKO MAR—APR, 1949 Thirty-five Cents ■■'■■.'>A. :■■■*.■« A-■<: ..'a „.it ".■.■■'■■". ;; ■." -'jr.'-/,' !7' (•"''S,''-;:,i'- A";V.-, ''•■v'b:l;W, >,-.'\f ^Vi-VA-A 4Av ^^^'^''-^'l^^Tb-Ai'iLCfc---7 '-.. AcV :■■■■.' TT";--^pfJŜfjgt^2t;JE AMERICAN ESPERANTO MAGAZINE (Amerika Esperantisto) G. ALAN CONNOR, Editor Vol. 63 114 West 16th Street Nos. 3-4 New York 11, N. Y. Associate Editors: Dr. W. Solzbacher, Doris Tappan Connor, Dr. Norman McQuown, Dr. S. Zamenhof, V. Rev. Gabriel N. Pausback, Howard E. Latham (Junula Fako). Sustaining Board: Dr. Luelia K. Beecher, John M. Brewer, A. M. Brya, G. Clayton, J. F. Clewe, Preston Davis, Jr., R. E. Dooley, Robt. Eadie, Ben B. Ehrlichman, David B. Ericson, Hal Ewen, Dr. G. P. Ferree, Anonymous, Dan Ward Gibson, Wm. H. Gix, Usonano Eksterlande, W. D. B. Hackett, George Hirsh, Howard E. Latham, A. S. Mellichamp, Anonymous, Tony Nabby, R. C. Palmer, Arnold Pennekamp, Grace Randolph, H. Elwin Reed, Mazah Schulz, H. S. Sloan, Herbert Smart, Isabel Snelgrove, Dr. Cecil Stockard, F. H. Sumner, Washington Espo Club, Anonymous, J. W. Wood, Mrs. Flora Wyman. CONTENTS — ENHAVO Why I Learned Esperanto .... Tristan Bernard 33 Esperanto in Significant Experiment . . . . .35 The Chinese Press and Esperanto ...... 36 Simultaneous Interpretation in U. N. W. Solzbacher, Ph. D. 37 Esperanto in Action........42 Closed Minds Are Dead Minds .... Mark Starr 45 The Editor's Desk.....67. Alan Connor 48 Diversaj Anoncoj ........ 50 Antaŭ 56 Jaroj.........51 Marto — Poemo ..... Hugh Irvin Keyes 53 Kanada Informo ... . . . . . .54 Esperanto-Kroniko . . . . . . . .55 El la Historio de "A.E.".....Babi le Mulo 59 Esperanto-Studanto—La Nova Modo Doris Tappan Connor 62 Deziras Korespondi ........ 63 Selection of Books from Sweden......64 Jarabono eksterlande, $1.50 for kalendara faro Make Checks Payable to Esperanto Association of North America Minimum Membership in E.A.N.A.—$3.00 per Year Active Sustaining Membership — $5.00 per Year AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO Vol. 63 MARCH-APRIL, 1949 Nos. 3-4 WHY I LEARNED ESPERANTO Tristan Bernard French Playwright and Novelist The following article by the famous French author, who died in December 1947, was translated by La Rondo, the Australian Esperanto monthly, at Melbourne. Tristan Bernard learned Esperanto before World War I. I was converted to Esperanto by the most adrnirable apos- tle of modern times, Ernest Archdeacon (who was in France one of the foremost pioneers of the automobile and the air- plane as well as of Esperanto). Once, when returning from a vacation, I found a pamphlet of his in a heap of mail. I slipped the bands off the circulars to give me the illusion of having read them. I dwelt a while over Archdeacon's book- let. That is how I began to learn Esperanto. I had tried at least ten times to learn English and had never succeeded. My visits to London left many unhappy memories. It was as if I had been shipwrecked on a vast sea, battered by many an awesome reef. I did not only wish to learn to speak English. My aim was to speak it correctly. It was important that I should be able to pass as an Englishman. But I ended up by not speak- ing at all. In the stores I used my fingers to point at the things which I wished to buy. I had a number of gold pieces in my pockets, one of which I proffered for the smallest article I purchased, with the result that I returned to my hotel weighed down with copper coins. I succeeded only once in making myself understood, thanks to my colleague, Andre Picard. The author of "Jeu- nesse" and "La Fugitive" knew no English, but he at least 33 W&mm AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO did not hesitate to speak French in England. He did this so forcefully that after several attempts he usually obtained a minimum of what he was after. I, on the other hand, did not feel like speaking French to people who did not under- stand it. So I kept quiet. In any event one must not dimin- ish one's prestige by stammering foolish words, I thought. It was Kenan, I believe, who told a French scholar who was leaving for London: "If you do not know English per- fectly, it is better to give the impression that you do not know it at all. The others will then try to speak French to you, and you will have maintained your superiority." The hitch in this is that English people also may wish to maintain their superiority. In this case, the two parties will painfully eye each other without saying anything at all. This is hardly the way to facilitate international relations. So I learned Esperanto. The users and promoters of Esperanto have made it clear again and again that there is no question of forgetting one's national tongue and of speaking exclusively the new language. On the contrary, Esperanto will always remain an auxiliary language. As such it will render considerable services in facilitating business relations as well as scientific and literary contacts among people of various nationalities. I use the word "literary" on purpose, because this is a point which will particularly interest my confreres. We are not always translated perfectly into foreign tongues. It hap- pens, for instance, that some translator knows his own language well, but that he is not quite at home in French. I had more than once unpleasant experiences of this kind. Let us translate our pieces into Esperanto, then submit them to English, Italian and German translators who know Esperanto. Esperanto is supple enough to enable a work of literature to be submitted to this double translation without losing any of its nuances of expression. A decisive experiment has been made along these lines. An unpublished French text was translated into Esperanto 34 v^r,-v,.. .>•,;* *&H HHUti AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO and then put back into French by another Esperantist who did not know the original. When the two texts were com- pared, only the slightest changes were noticed. ESPERANTO TESTED IN SIGNIFICANT EXPERIMENT The "decisive experiment" mentioned in the above article by Tristan Bernard was organized before World War I by the Paris daily newspaper, "Excelsior." It was a "six-lang- uage test" and had the object of finding out which one of the languages used (German, English, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Esperanto) was best suited for translations from the French. Under the supervision of Monsieur Hasselot, a licensed translator of the Paris Law Courts, one team of linguists translated several French texts of a technical and literary character into their respective languages. Another team re- translated the product of their work into French. Three prominent writers formed the jury: Tristan Ber- nard, Abel Hermant, and Alexandre Hepp. Their unanim- ous judgment was that Esperanto and Italian had produced far better results than English, Spanish, German, or Rus- sian. Bernard expressed the opinion that the text obtained via Esperanto was slightly superior to that produced via Italian. Hermant declared that Italian had done slightly better. The third judge considered the two as equally good. Tristan Bernard commented on this occasion: "We were amazed. The Italian and the Esperanto texts almost exactly reproduce the French. That the languages of Latin origin should show more affinity with the French was understand- able, but the curious, the interesting, and, one might say, the decisive element in the experiment was the fact that Esper- anto produced results at least equal to those obtained with Italian, a language developed through many generations of use and closely related to French. This has been a marvel- ous victory for Esperanto." 35 WSMsMMMu H lM\ WBS&ffiM ESPERANTO ITEMS The Chinese press has given a great deal of attention to Esperanto in connection with the publication of the book, "Esperanto: The World Interlanguage," by G. A. and D. T. Connor, Dr. W. Solzbacher, and the Very Reverend Dr. J. B. Se-Tsien Kao, O.F.M. China's most influential daily paper, "Ta-Kung-Pao," published in October a very favor- able review, calling the book "outstanding." The English- language daily, "The China Press," of Shanghai, printed a detailed article December 20, 1948, declaring: "Esperanto, the world Interlanguage, has passed beyond the stage of ex- periment and has become a practical instrument, especially valuable to world peace, according to notes in a new Esper- anto textbook just received by Shanghai booksellers from New York, reports Hua Ming. One of the four co-editors of the book is the Rev. Dr. John B. Kao, O.F.M., head of the Education Department of the Catholic Central Bureau in Shanghai. Esperanto is a neutral language, . . . designed as a bridge between different language groups, and also as a bridge over national prejudices and sensibilities, ..." A detailed story about the book in particular and Esperanto in general was released by the "Hua-Ming" News Service. It was reprinted by many newspapers and periodicals. An International Study Course on "Swedish Social Struc- ture and Social Policy" is being arranged in Viskadalen, Sweden, June 26—July 10, 1949. The lectures will be entirely in Esperanto. The program includes the following: Government of the People by the People, Teaching and Education, the Cooperative Movement, Public Parks and Meetings, General Social Insurance Problems. The University of Havana Summer School includes in its announcement for July 4—August 13, 1949, a course in Elementary Esperanto. The instructor is Heriberto Cocina. The class will meet five hours a week. 36 mm±M^^mzk~mrmm%sm SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETATION IN THE UNITED NATIONS William Solzbacher, Ph.D. Member of the Speakers' Research Committee for the United Nations "My nerves cannot stand it any longer. It's inhuman. I am quitting." In these words a temperamental young South American, apparently a brilliant linguist, told me that a few weeks' work in the Simultaneous Interpretation Service of the United Nations were enough for him and that he was looking for another job. His reaction illustrates the human difficulties of the system. A majority of U.N. Assembly Delegates, however, reached the conclusion that simultane- ous interpretation, although it is not perfect and leaves many problems unsolved, is a lesser evil in comparison to other methods and as good a solution for the Assembly's language troubles as can be found at the present time. While the General Assembly, in 1946, adopted Resolution 75 (I), stating that it ''takes no decision, for the time be- ing, on the simultaneous interpretation system," the Assem- bly's Budget Committee, on October 30, 1947, adopted Secretary-General Trygve Lie's Report on Simultaneous In- terpretation (U. N. Document A/383, September 3, 1947) and voted that the system be adopted as a permanent serv- ice to be used in addition to or in conjunction with the older system of consecutive interpretation. The General Assembly ratified this recommendation November 21, 1947, when it settled Item 16(b) of the Agenda. Most Delegates and observers were enthusiasric over the radio sets developed by IBM (International Business Ma- chines) and used for the first time at the 1947 Assembly meeting at Flushing Meadow. Officially called the "IBM Wireless Translator System embodying Filene-Finlay Pat- ents," these little radios make it possible to use the Filene- 37 AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO Finlay system at very large meetings where it would be im- possible or risky to use wiring. According to Secretary-Gen- eral Lie (A/383), "the wireless system is particularly use- ful for servicing temporary conferences held away from headquarters." I was myself greatly impressed by the radio system when I observed it in use at Assembly meetings. On entering the hall at Flushing Meadow, I was handed a set consisting of a pair of headphones, a black brickshaped box containing the receiver and the battery, and a plastic shoulderstrip conceal- ing an antenna. The set has two buttons: One regulates the tone volume (louder or weaker) the other may be turned to any one of seven positions, each corresponding to a dif- ferent wave-length. Theoretically, these sets make it possi- ble to use seven languages simultaneously. As position No. 1 always brings the speech in the language of the speaker, whatever k may be, and is, therefore, usually duplicated by one of the other positions, the system would allow the U. N. to use six official languages for all translations. In fact, however, the Assembly is offered translations only in the working languages of the U. N., English, French, and now also Spanish, while other official languages (Russian and Chinese) are used additionally at some of the Council and Committee meetings (where wireconnected headphones are used). Apparently the radio sets were designed by IBM engineers with the idea in mind that the U. N. might adopt a sixth official language. What language that would be is anybody's guess. The translators are placed in sound-proof glass booths where they listen to the speaker through a telephone or keep his manuscript in their hands. While the speech is being made they translate into a microphone which is con- nected with a tiny short-wave transmitter similar to the "walkie-talkies" used in the war. The radio sets give Dele- gates and journalists a considerable amount of mobility, enabling them to follow the speeches even when they sit 38 &i«& %i&^&&& 4* ^KK^mim^m AMERIKA ESPERANHSTO down with other Delegates or when they leave the hall for a drink or a smoke or for a visit to the press reporters' room. At one Assembly meeting I heard six Delegates making speeches in five languages: The Yugoslav Foreign Minister in French, the Ukrainian Foreign Minister in Russian, the Saudi-Arabian Foreign Minister in Arabic, the Turkish Del- egate in English, the Delegates of Cuba and the Dominican Republic in Spanish. Only one of them. Emir Feisal-al-Saud, of Saudi-Arabia, spoke in a non-official language. In this case, under Assembly rules, the speaker has to make his own arrangements for translation into one of the working languages. It seems that the interpreters had been given in advance a typewritten translation in English, which made matters pretty simple. While the advantages of the radio system over the "wire" system are obvious, there are a number of disadvantages, too. It seems to be hard, for instance, to keep the different wave-lengths apart. Quite frequently I heard two, some- times even three, languages entering my headphones at the same time, obviously a serious obstacle to clarity. Another inconvenience is the weight of the radio set. One hardly feels it at the beginning of a meeting, but after a couple of hours the battery seems to become heavier and heavier. Cost is another important factor. The radios cost more than telephone sets and batteries wear out fast. They have to be replaced after about every forty hours of listening. It must be admitted that simultaneous interpretation, though at a great cost in both accuracy and money, saves time and gives a larger chance for the use of Spanish, Rus- sian, and Chinese than the system of consecutive transla- tions. It cannot be used at all meetings, however, and it is of no help at all in those informal discussions and private conversations outside the Council Chambers where most of the real decisions are worked out. The waste of time and energy as well as the bad blood created by faulty transla- 39 AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO tions on many occasions have often caused tragical conse- quences. None of the makeshift methods now used to overcome the language barrier at U. N. meetings is entirely satisfac- tory. The tyranny of Babel may be mitigated or temporarily appeased, it is never fully overcome. A common medium of understanding for mankind and its leaders, a neutral, prac- tical and easy Interlanguage is needed. Theoretically, many of the Delegates and high officials of the U. N. have admit- ted this. At a Lecturers' Conference at Lake Success, Mr. Peter Aylen, Director of the Radio Division of the U. N., was asked by one of us whether the use of an international language would not be a solution for the language diffi- culties of the U. N. and whether this matter is being given any serious attention at Lake Success. Mr. Aylen replied: "I really wish someone would do something about this," and he added that the use of an international language would greatly facilitate his work and that of the United Nations in general. Perhaps the Delegates to the different organs of the U. N. and the staff of the Secretariat would greatly benefit by studying the Report of the League of Nations Secretariat on ''Esperanto as an International Auxiliary Language," adopted by the Third Assembly of the League, September 21, 1922. It pointed out that Esperanto has been used with great success at many international conferences (see ''Amer- ican Esperanto Magazine," Jan.-Feb., 1949, p. 6) and con- cluded: "Language is a great force, and the League of Na- tions has every reason to watch with particular interest the progress of the Esperanto movement, which, should it he- come more wide-spread, may one day lead to great results from the point of view of the moral unity of the world." The new book, "Esperanto — The World Interlanguage;" fully discusses the language problem, and includes textbook, world direc- tory, and vocabularies. Specially priced at $2.50. 40 INTERLANGUAGE PROGRESS At the Peace Palace, The Hague, erected by Andrew Carnegie, where the International Court of Justice has its headquarters, a special post office was installed for the newspaper reporters when the case Great Britain vs. Alba- nia (concerning the mining of the Corfu Channel) was before the judges. According to the Dutch daily press, the two post office clerks handling international mail "spoke French, German, English, Italian, and Esperanto" in addi- tion to their native Dutch. The New International Year Book, published by Funk & Wagnalls, New York, contains in its current edition an arti- cle of more than 1,000 words about Esperanto and its prac- tical uses, by Dr. W. Solzbacher. Last year it printed a shorter article, by the late Professor Edwin L. Clarke. The Catholic Archbishop of Salzburg, Austria, Most Rev. Dr. A. Rohracher, presided at a regional meeting of the Catholic Esperanto Movement, held at the Borromaeum College, Salzburg. Rev. Dr. Franz Christanell, well-known as an author and translator of books in Esperanto, gave a lecture on the history of the Interlanguage, while the Rev- erend Joseph Kaps, of the staff of Salzburg Cathedral, dis- cussed the use of Esperanto for religious purposes. Miss Liesel Oberlechner, a teacher, spoke about the teaching of Esperanto in the schools. At the University of Munich, American Zone of Germany, the first examinations for State diplomas in Esperanto were held at the end of the Winter Semester 1948/49, accord- ing to the German language daily, "Staats-Zeitung," in New York. Munich University is the first institution of higher learning in Germany to teach Esperanto as a regular sub- ject. In the past, Esperanto was studied at German univer- sities on an extra-curricular basis only. 41 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H -ESPERANTO IN ACTION The 54th Universal Esperanto Congress, to be held at the English seaside resort of Bournemouth from August 6 to 13, 1949, together with an International Summer Univer- sity in Esperanto, promises to become a great success. Up to January 10th,865 registrations were received from 26 coun- tries. Those announcing their attendance included 14 dele- gates from the Western Hemisphere: 8 from the United States, 3 from Canada, 2 from Brazil, and 1 from Argen- tina. A "Post-Kongreso," featuring excursions and other aaivities, will be held at Dublin, Ireland, August 14-20. A Peace Museum, recently organized in the South Ger- man village of Renzeck, in the Black Forest, contains a special "Esperanto Room." Millions of newspaper readers in the United States, Can- ada and elsewhere have learned more about Esperanto through reviews of the new book, "Esperanto: The World Interlanguage," by G. A. and D. T. Connor, W. Solzbacher, and J. B. Kao. The "New York Herald Tribune" mentioned the book four times in a week: twice on the Book Page, once in the Book Review section of its Sunday edition, and once in a Letter to the Editor from Mr. Mark Starr, Educa- tional Director of the International Ladies Garment Work- ers Union. Particularly significant reviews appeared in "United Nations World," New York, "The Christian Cen- tury,'' Chicago, and "Talent," Organ of the International Platform Association, Minneapolis. Many Catholic weeklies printed a notice referring to the book in connection with the work of Father Kao, one of its co-authors, who is now in charge of the Education Department of the Chinese Cath- olic Central Bureau. Papers publishing this notice included the "Denver Register" chain (with a combined circulation of more than one million copies) and the New York "Cath- olic News." 42 ^^^^^^^^^9^^^^^S AROUND THE WORLD 12,420,295 signatures for the petition requesting the United Nations to give "urgent and serious consideration" to Esperanto were processed up to January 6, 1949. Signers include the President of France, the Prime Ministers of the Netherlands, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Austria, 289 members of national legislamres, and 540 members of city councils. The Encyclopedia Americana, in its 1949 printing, con- tains a completely new and up-to-date article on Esperanto, on pp. 501 to 503 of Volume 10. Written by Dr. W. Solz- bacher, the 1600-word article emphasizes in particular the modern practical uses of Esperanto in international confer- ences and publications, in travel, radio, and science. The article on Esperanto which appeared in previous editions of the Encyclopedia was excellent in many respects but had not been revised for a long time. The Hungarian State Railroad Administration is sponsor- ing at present 25 Esperanto classes for its employees. About 250 men attend these classes. Shortwave news broadcasts in Esperanto are becoming more numerous. Regular programs number at present more than 150 a month, not counting many longwave and FM broadcasts. The schedule includes: Prague, twice a day; Paris, daily; Stockholm, 3 times a week; Bern, twice a week; Sofia, twice a week; Vienna, twice a week; Warsaw, weekly; Munich, twice every second week. In addition, an "under- ground" sration, calling itself "Radio-Esperanto," broadcasts four times every Sunday on a wave-length of 5 meters. Its geographical location is unknown. In European countries where radio is a government monopoly, such "black" sta- tions are fairly numerous, although most of them do not stay in business very long. 43 ESPERANTO (IT WORKS!) In Austria both the Federal Chancellor (Prime Minis- ter), Leopold Figl, and the Minister of Education, Dr. Felix Hurdes, signed the petition asking the United Nations to help spread the practical use of Esperanto. The Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs has issued a 45- minute feature film with Esperanto text describing the his- tory of the country and its most important cultural and eco- nomic achievements. The picture is loaned free of charge to interested groups in foreign countries through the Dan- ish Legations and Consulates. Our own country might well follow this example. The 1949 World Almanac and Book of Facts, published by the New York World-Telegram, lists, for the first time, the Esperanto Association of North America among the "Associations and Societies in the United States" (on page 417). The "Weston-super-Mare Gazette," England, recently printed the following editorial comment: "We note with amusement a correspondent's criticism of our Mayor for not speaking the French language. A few weeks ago he con- versed quite well with two Frenchmen from Lyon. The Mayor and the Frenchmen spoke in Esperanto. One could not be expected to learn all the many languages of foreign visitors to the town. If Esperanto were taught in all schools, the language difficulty would disappear in a few years." The two Frenchmen brought greetings from the Mayor of Lyon, one of France's largest cities, to the Mayor of the famous seaside resort in Somersetshire. ''Facts About Denmark" (Faktoj pri Danlando) is the title of an extremely interesting booklet published in Esper- anto by Copenhagen's leading daily newspaper, "Politiken." 44 m mmmmmWjM m CLOSED MINDS ARE DEAD MINDS Mark Starr With the author's permission, we reprint the major portion of an article from the February 1949 issue of the "News Bul- letin of the Institute of International Education." Mr. Starr is Vice Chairman of the U.S. Advisory Commission on Educa- tional Exchange appointed by President Trumaa He is also Educational Director of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union and a Trustee of the Institute of Interna- tional Education. One of the superficial slogans of the many infliaed on us today is "See much, know much." A moment's refleaion, however, should convince everyone that seeing is not neces- sarily understanding. The woman who remembers the hairdo she got in Rome rather than the great historic and artistic monuments of the Eternal City has gained no appreciation or understanding of the background of the country. In- creased foreign travel does not itself modify the comment made by the Harvard Committee in General Education in a Free Society, p. 30: '*. . . never in the history of the world have vulgarity and debilitation beat so insistently on the mind as they now do from screen, radio and newsstand." In the same way, it is foolish to think that an exchange of professors, students and other people inevitably produces better understanding. Misunderstanding is not necessarily removed by contact; sometimes it is accentuated. Many of our GI's received and gave gross misrepresentation both of their homeland and countries visited. However, this only emphasizes the need for more careful selection, more orien- tation and supervision, and the follow-up work with ex- change students which have been such an essential part of the work of the Institute of International Education in its long and successful operation. The recognition that a well organized funaional exchange of persons is important for an understanding and solution of the various complicated world problems is, in large part, due to its efforts. In the 45 -\;^,' ;,iw/'iftVTi•-'■-.>'*r;."ff,■■»"'"* A» MR -?ilF-^VA-.*:«4-w H mmi AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO meetings of the U. S. Advisory Commission on Educational Exchange, repeated acknowledgment of the Institute's serv- ice has been made. The fact that the 1948-49 foreign student population of the United States is estimated at more than 25,000 despite all difficulties, is encouraging. Nevertheless, members of the Commission are also agreed that functional interchange of citizens of various nationalities should not be confined to academic levels, nor even to mature students or to college professors. We hope to see a planned and well-organized scheme for letting doctors, mechanics, industrial experts, as well as teachers, exchange jobs with their opposite num- bers in other countries, wherever that is possible. But, further, we want to see housewives and representa- tives of chambers of commerce, parents' associations, wom- en's clubs, trade unions, sport and social groups also enjoy a face-to-face contact and shared experience. Such exchanges would go beyond the travelers' hasty impressions or the monotonous chant of the official guide reproducing his vic- trola record. The current exchanges of production experts and trade union delegations under ECA will surely give proof of the utility of such plans. Nothing but good would result from a revival of the old Wanderjahr of the medieval apprentice. After all, only actual experience in the homes and offices and workshops of the countries visited can give a real feeling for the peo- ple there. Although differences in the various industries still create some obstacles to the exchange of workers, industrial processes and machines are now being standardized. Lingual diversity would block the exchange of workers who have had little opportunity for mastering foreign tongues. There are some people in my own position who never went to high school and who have not made even the perfunctory acquaintance with one or more foreign languages which our modern high school students have. My own visits abroad have been made much more valuable than 46 AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO they would otherwise have been by the international auxil- iary language, Esperanto, which I have used in places as far apart as Milwaukee and Moscow, Oslo and Osaka. Many language experts still insist that an international auxiliary language will not work, but in visiting twenty countries over a period of twenty-eight years I have found it more than adequate for my purposes in correspondence, in re- search, and in personal contact. La internacia lingvo seems to me to be indispensible, particularly to those who want to talk to ordinary men and women of many nations and who are prepared to come half way to a neutral lingual meeting place, instead of expecting the foreigner to learn the language of their country. High-powered costly simul- taneous translation can be used in the United Nations but is impractical in everyday casual use. Even at Lake Success interruptions and direct exchange of comment are ruled out. Hence, my suggestions sum up to an extension of edu- cational exchange to non-academic circles; a big increase in such institutes for trade union representatives as those suc- cessfully run by the International Labor Office, to which the late Ambassador John Winant paid unstinted tribute; and further, a use of the international language to make face-to-face contact yield much greater results than hitherto. DONATIONS TO SUSTAINING FUND (January-March): L. Obreczian, Edwin Sievers, H. M. Kilpatrick, M. Villareal, E. H. Thompson, Jr., Pearl Thiessen, Peter Kaitis, Max Gronlund, John Pole, Grace Randolph, Robt. Eadie, John E. Falk, Lois Petry, M. B. Dolnycky, Roy J. Bergmann, Maud Storms, Raymond Canon, G. Norman McKinney, D. M. Lynds, Conrad Fisher, Robt. Betteridge, Bradley Fleener, James Grosser, Carrol Holbrook, F. B. Dibble, C. C. Macdonald, W. O. Wanzer, J. Kerdelevich, Donald Munro, Dr. Francis E. Ballard. MISCELLANEOUS CONTRIBUTIONS: Esperanto-Societo de Detroit, Mrs. Olive Campbell (postage fund), Lillian Fuller, W. Buchheim, Victor Lamberts, Marion W. Fenner, (help with "staf- fers"). E.A.N.A. extends grateful thanks to all. 47 emv:4£££^Ts?i3«!^^ AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO G. Alan Connor, Editor 114 West 16th Street New York 11, N. Y. THE EDITOR'S DESK Sustaining Board Members of EANA. On the inside front cover of AE, we print a list of members who serve "beyond the call of duty" by giving financial support in generous measure to EANA. In this issue of AE we wel- come a number of new members to the Sustaining Board. Space limitations do not permit adequate recognition of in- dividual members or the great significance of their services. We must find a way to better organize this extremely im- portant development. The Central Office and the Executive Committee will welcome suggestions. On the opposite page we briefly report progress concern- ing the "grant-in-aid" from a Foundation in New York City. The Sustaining Board, by its demonstration of finan- cial ''self-help" for promoting Esperanto, was a consider- able faaor in securing this "grant-in-aid." Foundations "help those who help themselves." Let us continue to dem- onstrate our sincerity of purpose, and extend our own finan- cial efforts, so that we may merit further attention and assistance from Foundations. Every member of the Sustain- ing Board may take pride in the certain knowledge that he, or she, is building a road of financial support over which we may reasonably expect Foundation support to follow. Let's all of us participate in paving the way to recognition and success for Esperanto in America. Preparation of "Copy" for AE. Please use a separate sheet of paper (and only one side, please), when sending news of club activities, comments, information, etc., for possible printing in AE. This will greatly increase its chances of being printed. In general, use separate sheets when dealing with various departments of EANA, so that all matters may be handled with ease and dispatch. 48 I:j& W$Ŝ ^^KBHHHBHHii^ The Esperanto Association of North America EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE W. Solzbacher, President G. Alan Connor, Secretary Joseph Leahy, Member Grant-in-Aid from Foundation: We are pleased to an- nounce that part-payment of grant-in-aid has been received by EANA. We are asked to withhold details until comple- tion of payment and official announcement by Foundation. Special Bulletin, on Rules of the Estraro, Nominations and Election, details of 1949 Congress, and other official business, will be sent to members about May 1. This will provide more details than are possible in AE. EANA Congress, Wilmington, Del.: Gilbert Nickel, Chairman, gives brief surrvmary about Congress as follows: "Meetings will be held in a hotel, centrally located, at rea- sonable rates, and various places of interest will be visited. The Congress will be greeted by a prominent state official." July 2, 3, 4, with get-together the evening of July 1. Book Rental Service: New rates and regulations are in effect. Write for complete details to: E. G. Etodge, Direc- tor, 1471 Irving St., N. W., Washington 10, D. G Radio Amateurs: Write for information about plans for international Esperanto broadcasts, giving your experience and set-up, to: George W. Bailey, Jr., RFD, Wilton, N. H. (See also item on p. 55, Esperanto-Kroniko). Lingua-phone in Canada: If you are interested in a Lingua- phone Course, and live in Canada, the Central Office can aid you considerably by arranging for delivery from Canad- ian agent, for Canadian money, and at good rates. Write us for details. 49 DIVERSAJ ANONCOI DIA REGNO estas monata organo de KELI (Kristana Esperantista Ligo Internacia), kies celo estas: "Krei efikan kontakton inter kristanoj el diversaj landoj kaj per Esper- anto diskonigi la Evangelion pri Jesuo Kristo". Membreco en KELI kun abono kostas jare $1.25. Nura abono je sama prezo. Interesuloj petu regularon. Adreso: Alamo-Sandgren, Prdstgardsgat, 29 HI, Stockholm, Svedlando. (Noto: AE akceptos abonojn por Dia Regno.) UKRAINA ESPERANTISTO, a 12-page monthly polit- ical review, anti-fascist and anti-communist, entirely in Es- peranto, is published regularly. Ask for a sample copy from ''Ukraina Esperantisto", Leonrodstr. 2, (13^) Bayreuth, Bavaria, Germany, (U. S. Zone). AE will accept subscrip- tions for Ukraina Esperantisto at $1.00 the year. VERDA STELO-INSIGNO, metala, sur blanka fono, butono aŭ broĉo, havebla de la Centra Oficejo de EANA. Prezo: 65c afrankite. 34-* UNIVERSALA KONGRESO okazos en Bourne- mouth, Anglujo, 6-13 Aŭgusto, 1949. Ĝis la 10-a de Janu- aro aliĝis 865 kongresanoj el 26 landoj. Kongres-kotizo, $8.00 Aliĝiloj haveblaj de EANA. REAL PHOTOS IN STAMP FORM: They will person- alize you, warmly, intimately, in a modern way. Send us any size photograph or negative. Your photo will be re- turned unharmed. Black and white, 100 for $2.00; Color toned, 100 for $2.50. Send your order to: Joseph Leahy, 1754 Lanier Place, N. W., Washington 9, D. C. FREE LEAFLETS available jrom EANA: The Central Office has a good supply of the little envelope stuffer "For Better International Understanding," which members of EANA may receive for their promotion work among friends, teachers, clubs, important persons and organiza- tions. Send your request now! 50 »» r r - •» H ■*■*■- j, m ANTAU 56 JAROJ Ni represas partojn el Esperanto-letero skribita en la jaro 1893. Gi estas interesa historia dokumento pro ĝia enhavo kaj pro la personoj koncernataj. Profesoro A. Dombrovski, unu el la unuaj Esperantistoj en Rusujo, kaj pioniro inter litovoj, sen- dis ĝin al S-ro Richard H. Geoghegan, verkinto de la unua Esperanto-lernolibro en angla lingvo, kaj pioniro en Britujo kaj Usono. Profesoro Dombrovski estis en tiu tempo ekzilito de la cara registaro kaj vivis en Centra Rusujo. S-ro Geoghe- gan estis jus transloĝinta de Britujo al Usono. Kion vi skribis pri la sociala stato de Norda Ameriko, ŝajnas al mi tro unuflanke pentrita. Mi scias, ke la Unuigi- taj Ŝtatoj ne estas ia absolute ideala regno. Sed mi ankaŭ scias, ke la absolute ideala regno troviĝas nenie sur la globo tera. Tia regno ekzistas sole in posse (en ebleco), kiel diras la filozofoj, sed in esse (en realeco) ĝi eble neniam efektiv- iĝos en d tiu mondo. La absolute ideala regno estas limo, al kiu la homaro penos dam alproksimiĝi, sed ĝin tute atingos neniam. Tial en la homa parolo la ideala regno nominda estas nur tiu, kiu el ĉiuj aliaj teraj regnoj plej alproksimiĝas al la idealo. Elirante el tiuj d principoj, mi opinias, ke la Unuigitajn Ŝtatojn de Norda Ameriko oni povas nomi regno ideala, car, kvankam ili havas siajn mal- bonajn flankojn, tamen en ili du aparta homo posedas plej multe da rajtoj kaj du pozitiva homa forto povas tie trovi la necesan punkton de almeto, car tie oni povas dam elserd la konvenajn kondiĉojn por la utila laborado al la komuna bono de la socio, kion d en nia malnova mondo vi ne de trovos. . . Krom tio, kvankam la nuna ordo de via nova patrujo ne estas tute perfekta, tamen ĝi povas senbare perfektiĝi, car kontraŭ duj malbonajoj oni povas publike paroladi kaj proponi la konformajn rimedojn por ilia tuja forigo, alivorte oni havas la kondiĉojn por sukcesa batalado kon- traŭ socialaj malbonajoj, kio ankau en nia "bone ordigita" Europo ne de estas trovebla. 51 ■$&^liW$£i$p\\W!^ AMERJKA ESPERANTISTO Vi skribas, ke la popolamaso en Ameriko estas turmen- tata per riĉeguloj, kaj ke la laboristoj tieaj estas ĝemantaj. Mi volonte kredas tion ĉi kaj tre bedaŭras. Sed aliflanke mi petas vin ekmemori, ke en nia "kristamema" Eŭropo ekzistas tutaj nacioj, kiujn oni sisteme pereigas kaj al kiuj eĉ ĝemi estas malpermesate! . . . Mi konatiĝis kun Volapiik, kiam mi estis lernanta teolo- gion en Kovno. La profesoro de la seminario, Prelato A. Voronoviĉ, montris al mi novan lernolibron de Volapiik. Traleginte ĝian antaŭparolon, mi estis ĉarmita,kaj kun gran- dega intereso mi komencis trarigardadi tiun ĉi ''tutmondan" lingvon. Sed bedaŭrinde malgraŭ tio, ke mi pli malpli kom- prenis 12 lingvojn, en Volapiik mi povis nenion kompreni, ĝis mi rigardis en la vortaron. Mia unua fervoro rapide mal- varmiĝis. . . . Post tri jaroj mi konatiĝis kun Esperanto. Mi eksciis pri ĝi el gazetoj, kiuj mokante anoncadis "'ankoraŭ unu lingvon internacian". Malgraŭ tiuj ĉi mokadoj mi aĉetis la unuan broŝureton pri Esperanto kaj, trarigardante ĝin, tuj ekvidis, ke preskaŭ ĉio en ĝi estas por mi komprenebla sen ia ler- nado. Ju pli mi ĝin lernis, des pli mi konvinkiĝadis, ke tiu ĉi sistemo estas inda fariĝi lingvo tutmonda. Mi rakontis pri Esperanto al kelkaj el miaj kolegoj en la akademio, kaj ili tute konsentis kun mi. De tiu tempo mi fariĝis Esperantisto. Mi trovis en Esperanto preskaŭ ĉiujn ecojn, kiujn devas havi lingvo tutmonda: facilecon, naturecon, bonsonecon, uzeblecon por ĉiuj celoj — ne sole por komerco, sed ankaŭ por la scienco kaj por la poezio. Krom tio mi trovis, ke ĝi estas vere filozofie konstruita. . . . El via letero mi vidas kun plezuro, ke via opinio pri Esperanto estas la sama, kvankam vi alvenis per alia vojo ol mi al tiu ĉi opinio. —A. Dombrovski. SEP FRATOJ, de Aleksis Kivi. Tre interesa libro, en modela stilo, pri vivo en Finlando. Bindita, $3.50, afrankite. 52 W^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^M. MARTO Hugh Irvin Keyes (Facila poemo pri la sezono, verkita de la iama poet-laŭ- reato de E.A.N.A, S-ro Keyes ĉiam verkis en tre simpla kaj ritma stilo. Liaj poemoj por junuloj estas elstaraj.) Profetoj diradas admone: (Ĝin aŭdu kun kredo aŭ rido) "Se marto envenas leone, Eliros ŝi kiel ŝafido." Jen marto — ŝanĝema monato De hele florantaj krokusoj! (Krom tio, ĝi estas la dato Por febro printempa kaj tusoj.) En marto la birdoj revenas; Muzike pepadas la ranoj; (Sed marta aero entenas La semojn de gravaj malsanoj.) Ĉu marto al sporto instigas? "Ha, tie ja estas la froto!" Nin tiu monato pensigas Pri neĝ-degelaĵo kaj koto. La marto de niaj vizioj! ■— Ĝi montras sin post analizo: Miksajo el junaj folioj Kun grip-suferado kaj ftizo. Ja marto pasante profetas, Aprilo laŭvice plenumas, Ĝis fine naturo ridetas Kaj vigle abeloj ekzumas. 53 &iM^!l^^ KANADA INFORMO En la provinco Manitoba troviĝas nova Esperantisto kaj EANA membro, R. C. Rainier. S-ro Palmer estas specialisto pri fingro-markado. Li jus fariĝis membro de la Subtena Komitato de EANA, kaj regule donacas ciumonate. Nian dankon al nova, helpema samideano. Charles Roy MacDonald en Montreal informis nin ke li intencas traduki kelkajn foliojn de EANA france, por uzi inter la franc-kanadanoj. EANA nun havas francajn lerno- librojn kaj vortarojn por la utilo de niaj franc-kanadaj ami- koj. Kiuj aliaj kanadanoj helpos al ni pri la problemo de tradukado kaj presado por Franc-Kanado? En la Universitato de London, Ont., la nova libro "Esper- anto: The World Interlanguage" staras fiere sur la breto rezervita por novaj libroj. S-ano Raymond Canon donacis la libron al la tiea biblioteko. Koran dankon EANA ŝuldas al siaj kanadaj membroj, car ili tre lojale respondis al la Januara Bulteno. Kompare al la nombro da membroj en Kanado, ni povas raporti, ke de tiuj membroj venis la plej granda procentajo da mem- brecoj. Ni invitas la membrojn en Kanado sendi al ni in- formon pri ilia agado por Esperanto, por ke ni povu pub- likigi plenan raporton en AE. Vigla juna samideano en Montreal estas George Novot- ny, noveveninte al Kanado de Cekoslovakio. Georgo aktive partoprenis la junular-Esperanto-movadon en tiu lando, sed nun ĝojas esti en la nova mondo. Vizitanto de Anglujo helpas la progreson de Esperanto en Ameriko! En Brantford, Ont., F-ino E. Garratvay, dum kelkmonata vizito faris paroladon antaŭ la Virina Klubo, kaj tiel sukcesis interesi diversajn membrojn komenci la studadon de Esperanto. Ŝi ankaŭ tuj fariĝis membro de EANA. Sinceran dankon pro tiu bona laboro. 54 ESPERANTO-KRONIKO Radio-amatoroj, en Usono kaj tra la mondo, atentu! Se vi parolas Esperante kaj povas uzi ĝin en viaj radio-dissen- doj, sendu tiun informon al S-ro George W. Bailey, Jr., RFD, Wilton, New Hampshire, U.S.A. Li deziras kontakti Esperantistajn radio-amatorojn, por aranĝi dissendon en Esperanto. La Esperanto-Societo de Detroit havis du gastojn en sia kunveno, 14 Marto, 1949: D-ro W. Solzbacher faris parolad- eton pri la nuna stato de la movado en Nord-Ameriko, kaj S-ro Gustav Pietsch, unu el la estroj de la laborista movado en Berlino, raportis pri la Esperanto-movado en Germanujo. S-ro Pietsch venis al Ameriko por dumonata restado laŭ in- vito de la Usona registaro. Li estis en Detroit por studi la laboron de la grava sindikato UAW (Unuigitaj Aŭto- mobil-Laboristoj). En Cleveland, Ohio, la loka Esperanto-klubo organizis novan Esperanto-kurson en Fenn-Kolegio. Sub la lerta gvi- dado de instruisto Charles Simon, la nova kurso kontentige progresas. George Wagner, antaŭnelonge sendis trafan flug- folion al novaj kaj malnovaj membroj kaj amikoj de Esper- anto en la Klevlanda regiono por vigligi la lokan Esperanto- grupon. S-ro H. AL Jones de Michigan informis nin, ke li instruas Esperanton al malgranda grupo en sia lernejo. La loka ga- zeto aŭdis pri la grupo kaj presis bonan artikolon pri ĝia studado. Nova Esperanto-Kurso en Sloan, Nevado, okazas en la elementa lernejo, sub gvidado de instruisto, Mae Stensil. F-ino Stensil informis nin, ke la kurso kunvenas ĉiuse- majne. La geknaboj plejparte parolas hispane tie, kaj do trovas Esperanton facila kaj simila al sia hejma lingvo. F-ino Stensil diris, ke ŝi trovis la studon de Esperanto tre utila en la instruado de gramatiko. 55 &£SHi^^^f4#>F?^ ESPERANTO-KRONIKO Kolegio "Rollins", en Winter Park, Florido, donis post- morte specialan premion por nia antaŭa Prezidanto, Prof. Edwin L. Clarke. Ĝi estis la ''Algeron Sydney Sullivan" Me- daliono pro elstara karaktero. Anonco pri la premio okazis en solena kunveno de la Kolegio en Februaro. D-ro Herbert Howe, specialisto en tera magnetismo, kaj unu el la sciencistoj kiuj vizitis la antarkton kun Admiralo Byrd, komencis antaŭnelonge la lernadon de Esperanto. En Januaro, li skribis al la Centra Of ice jo: "En mia laboro, malhelpas min la kreskanta tendenco uzi diversajn lingvojn. Mi komencas la studon de Esperanto en la espero, ke tio eble helpos en la solvo de niaj problemoj." En Februaro, D-ro Howe faris paroladon pri Esperanto antaŭ kolegoj de la "Carnegie" Geodezia Laboratorio. Al tiu laboro ni esperas plenan sukceson. Esperanto-Kurso por junuloj en la 8-a studjaro de la Publika Lernejo en Cass City, Michigan, komenciĝis antaŭ- nelonge. Harold Oatley, kiu estas Esperantisto dum multaj jaroj gvidas la programon. En la "Townsend Tempo", gazeto de Townsend, Mass., aperis lastatempe redaktista artikolo pri la internacia lingvo, Esperanto. Kaj kial ne? La lertaj kaj spertaj geredaktistoj de tiu gazeto estas Gesinjoroj E. G. Cann, ambaŭ membroj de EANA. S-ino Cann estas la filino de nia amata pioniro kaj konstanta subtenanto, S-ino Flora Wyman. S-ino Wyman lernis Esperanton en la plej fruaj tagoj de ĝia al- veno en Usono — kaj dum la jaroj restis la plej fidela hel- panto de EANA. Esperantlingvaj presajoj pri Danujo estas haveblaj sen- page de Turistforeningen for Danmark, Bernstorffsgade 8, Kobenhavn 5 (faldprospekto "Danlando") kaj de Turist- foreningen for Kobenhavn, Bernstorffsgade 8, Kobenhavn 5 ("Bonvenon al Kopenhago!"). 56 llilllrl^ŜL^ ESPERANTO-KRONIKO Bruno Beckman de Rochester, Minn., raportas, ke de tempo al tempo li daŭrigas la instruon de Esperanto al di- versaj individuoj en sia lernejo, kiuj interesiĝas pri Esper- anto. Multaj katolikaj gazetoj en Usono lasttempe menciis Esperanton, represante informojn de la NC-Gazetarservo, Washington, kaj de la CIP-Gazetarservo, New York, pri la libro "Esperanto — The World Interlanguage", pri la de- cido de la Roma Komitato por la Sankta Jaro 1950, pub- likigi gvidlibron kaj informilon en Esperanto, kaj pri kato- lika Esperanto-kunveno en Salzburg, Aŭstrujo, sub prezido de Ĉefepiskopo A. Rohracher. La Societo de Britaj Esperantistaj Geinstruistoj aranĝos Someran Lernejon en Bletchley, Buckinghamshire (ne mal- proksime de Londono) post la Universala Kongreso de Es- peranto. Adreso: F-ino V. C. Nixon, 183 Woodlands Park Road, Burnville, Birmingham 30, Britujo. Eksterlandaj Esperantistoj nuntempe tre ofte venas al Usono kaj Kanado. Preskaŭ ĉiutage la Centra Oficejo rice- vas leterojn kaj vizitojn de Esperantistoj de aliaj landoj. Nun troviĝas en Usono samideanoj de Francujo, Argentino, Kubo, Belgujo, Germanujo, Nederlando, Anglujo, Svedujo kaj Ĉinujo. Diversaj "DP"-personoj, kiuj trovas novan hej- mon en niaj landoj de libereco, skribis al ni pri sia alveno: Ukrainoj, Litovoj, Cekoslovakoj, ktp. Al ili ĉiuj ni diras: Bonvenon! Studu bone la kutimojn, morojn, homojn, de via nova hejmlando, kaj laboru kun ni por la progreso de Es- peranto en Nord-Ameriko. Warren Ewing, instruisto en McMinnville, Oregon, dis- vastigas informon pri Esperanto kie ajn li trovas sin. Li instruis en McMinnville nur dum kelkaj semajnoj, kiam li jam iniciatis Esperanto-kurson tie kaj faris paroladojn antaŭ la geinstruista grupo de la altlernejo. 57 ESPERANTO-KRONIKO En Dublin okazos Postkongreso Esperantista de la 14a al la 20a de August» 1949, kun interesaj ekskursoj al belaj partoj de Irlando. Adreso: Esperanto-Oficejo, Bothar Glasard 16, Dublin. Walter S. Ryan, studas nuntempe en la Internacia Kole- gio de la Y.M.C.A. en Springfield, Mass. Li jam faris diver- sajn paroladojn pri Esperanto en tiu regiono kaj interesas profesorojn kaj studentojn. Li raportis pri interesa sperto kiam li faris demandon al S-ino Eleanor Roosevelt pri ŝia opinio pri Esperanto kiel internacia lingvo. S-ino Roosevelt respondis: "Nu . . . Mi . . . neniam interesiĝis pri Esper- anto en tiu rolo . . . sed ... Mi interesiĝas pri la tuta lingva problemo. Mi . . . ah . . . scias pri Esperanto, kaj multaj amikoj jam skribis al mi pri ĝi, sed mi ne opinias, ke ĝi estas la solvo de nia problemo. Ni devas peni pli por kompreni la mensojn de aliaj popoloj kaj iliajn manierojn de pensado —". Je tiu punkto, S-ino Roosevelt, iom hezite, komencis paroli longe pri la lingvaj malfacilajoj, kiujn si spertis — speciale kun la rusaj delegitoj. Fakte, ŝi tiel nur emfazis la sugeston de sia demandanto, car ŝi nekonscie pruvis ke nur Esperanto povas esti la vera solvo. Diversaj neesperantistaj aŭskultantoj poste komentis same pri la re- zulto de ŝia "rond-vojago" ĉirkaŭ la kernon de la lingvo- problemo. En religiaj rondo] diversaj samideanoj trovas oportunon por paroli pri Esperanto. Lastatempe, S-ro E. G. Dodge prezentis prelegon antaŭ grupo en la "'All Souls" preĝejo pri "La Religio de D-ro Zamenhof". S-ino Mabel Vicary parolis en la Baha'i grupo de Lansing, Mich, pri "Mond- lingvo por Pli Bona Interkompreno". En Balboa, Panama Canal Zone, S-ro Van Allen Lyman prezentis longan pre- legon pri Esperanto kaj ĝia progreso en la nuna mondo, antaŭ la "Unitarian Church" tie. 58 mm EL LA HISTORIC) DE AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO Babi le Mulo [Unua Parto, kun tabelo pri redakcioj ] L'Amerika Esperantisto (redaktoroj) 1906 Oklahoma City Arthur Baker Amerika Esperanto -ĵurnalo 1907 Boston John Fogg Twombley 1908 New York David H. Dodge Amerika Esperantisto 1907-10 Chicago Arthur Baker 1911-13 Washington Ivy Kellerman Reed 1913-22 West Newton, Mass. C. H. Fessenden Ernest F. Dow 1922 Cambridge, Mass. A. P. H. Rollason 1922-27 Boston Norman W. Frost Herbert M. Scott Isabel M. Horn G. Winthrop Lee 1927-29 St. Paul Charles W. Barnes Joseph J. Burita 1929-33 Fort Lee, N. J. J. J. Sussmuth 1933-34 Washington Thomas F. Gaines 1934-42 Washington Joseph Leahy 1943 Detroit Mabelle L. Davis 1944- New York G. Alan Connor "Unu el la amikoj de la austra Imperiestro diras, ke li abomenas Esperanton, car la anarkiistoj, tiuj friponoj, pere de gramatiko kaj vortaro, povas kompreni unu la alian tra la tuta mondo, post nur proksimume ses lecionoj. Tio estas vera, sed per la sama logiko tiu sinjoro povus abomeni fervojojn, car ili ebligas vojaĝadon de unu lando al alia eĉ al anarkiistoj. Ĉiu inteligenta persono komprenos, ke, se 59 AMER1KA ESPERANTISTO Esperanto povas esti lernata en ses lecionoj sufiĉe bone por fariĝi interkomprenigilo inter du homoj de tute malsamaj gepatraj lingvoj, ĝi meritas esti uzata ne nur de anarkiistoj, sed ankaŭ de diplomatoj, misiistoj, brikportistoj kaj reĝoj. Se la aŭstra eminentulo estas sufiĉe juna kaj sana, li povas esperi vivi ĝis la tempo, kiam tia ĝenerala uzo de Esperanto estos realeco." Ĉi tiu artikoleto, tradukita el la dua numero (Novembro 1906) de "L'Amerika Esperantisto, estas tipa ekzemplo de la vigla maniero, en kiu S-ro Arthur Brooks Baker, tiam loĝanta en Oklahoma City, redaktis la gazeton, kiun li fondis en Oktobro 1906. Jen alia ero el la sama numero: "Iu Kalifornia Esperantisto, skribante al 'Amerika Esper- antisto', demandis, kion ni pensas pri tertremoj. Koofidence mi respondas, ke ni opinias, ke eĉ la skuo en San Francisco estas nenio kompare al tio, kio okazos, kiam kelkaj usonaj universitatoj forĵetos sian pezan ŝarĝon de mortintaj ling- voj por oficiale akcepti la plej vivantan lingvon en vivanta epoko: Esperanton." "L'Amerika Esperantisto, Monata Gazeto pri Esperanto, la Internacia Lingvo", havis ambician kaj grandiozan prog- ramon: "La celo kaj intenco de L'Amerika Esperantisto estas, havigi al la lernantoj kaj uzantoj de la lingvo, Esper- anto-gazeton je la okcidenta marbordo de la Atlanta Oce- ano. Tiel rapide, kiel ili povas esti kompilataj kaj presataj, aperos mallongaj, sed kompletaj gramatiko kaj vortaroj angla-Esperanta kaj hispana-Esperanta, car la intencata agadkampo de ĉi tiu gazeto etendiĝas de la Arkta Oceano al Kapo Horn. Abonantoj en eŭropaj kaj aziaj landoj ta- men ne estos traktataj malpli favore, escepte kiam la poŝtaj elspezoj igas tion necesa." Kompreneble tiu hispana-Esperanta vortaro anoncita en la unua numero de AE neniam aperis en Oklahoma City aŭ ie alie en nia lando, sed la gazeto fariĝis vigla kaj efika propagandilo de Esperanto, ne "de la Arkta Oceano al Kapo Horn", sed en tuta Usono kaj en la anglalingvaj 60 AMERDCA ESPERANTISTO partoj de Kanado. Cetere S-ro Baker ŝajne ne sciis, ke en tiu tempo jam ekzistis tuta serio de Esperanto-gazetoj en la Okcidenta Duonsfero. La plej bona el ili, "Antaŭen, Esper- antistoj", aperis regule ĉiumonate en Lima, Peruo, de Julio 1903 al 1916. De la unua Esperanto-gazeto en Ameriko, "El Esperanto", aperis nur unu numero en Valparaiso, Ĉilio, en Majo 1901. Ankaŭ jam aperis (aŭ estis aperintaj kaj malaperintaj) ''L'Esperantiste Canadien" (Kanado, Aŭgusto-Decembro 1901), "La Lumo" (Kanado, 1902-04), "La Gazeto" (Portoriko, 1906), "Ĉilio Esperantista" (Ĉilio, 1903-04), "Meksika Lumturo" (Meksiko, 1904-05), "Es- peranto-Skarabaro" (Kostariko, 1906), "Moderna Idiomo" (Paragvajo, 1905), "Verda Radio" (Gvatemalo, 1905), kaj "Centramerika Esperantisto" (Gvatemalo, 1906). "Amerika Esperantisto" do estis nur la 12-a inter la gazetoj aperintaj "de la Arkta Oceano al Kapo Horn", sed ĝi estis la plej vigla, la plej bela kaj la sola, kiu vivis ĝis nun, atin- gante la maturan aĝon de 41 jaroj. Estante la dua inter ĉiuj Esperanto-gazetoj aperintaj seninterrompe ("Brita Es- perantisto" estas unu jaron pli aĝa), AE ankoraŭ tute ne estas laca kaj dormema, sed esperas duobligi aŭ triobligi sian vivon sen perdo de energio kaj intereso. [DAŬRIGOTA] THE LINGUAPHONE HOME STUDY COURSES ORDER YOUR LINGUAPHONE FROM E.A.N.A. You can learn ESPERANTO, or any of 27 other languages, by the world-renowned Linguaphone Ear-Eye Method. Order through E.A.N.A. for benefits to both yourself and your Central Office. The regular list price for Esperanto, complete course, is $50. Special favorable arrangements for Members, Teachers and Clubs. Also Canadian Members will likewise receive favorable arrange- ments, and pay in Canada to Canadian agency without customs duty, etc. Write to us for details of our special Linguaphone offers. Esperanto, 114 W. 16th St, New York 11, N. Y. 61 WKM^KKM^MSSMSM^S^ LA ESPERANTO-STUDANTO La Nova Modo Edzino: Kara mia, mi jus re- venis de la urbo. Edzo: Ho, jes ... ĉu vi havis interesan viziton? Si: Mi ne vizitis iun. Mi iris pri specials af ero. Nu. .. kara... ĉu vi ne rimarkas ion? Li: H-m-m? Ho, jes! ... Kio okazis al via jupo? Gi trenas preskaŭ al viaj maleoloj. Ĉu ak cidento en la aŭtobuso? Kia embaraso por vi. Ŝi: Ĉi tio estas la nova modo. Ĉu mi ne aspektas bele? Li: Ĉu nova modo, kara? Kun tiaj longaj jupoj? Ho, mia kara, tio estis la modo jam an- taŭ 30 jaroj. Ŝi: Ho, ne ... je tiu tempo ne estis tute same. Rigardu, jen bele faldita jupo... je eleganta distanco de la planko. Li: Ha... kaprico de la vi- rino! Ĝu ankaŭ mi devas reveni al la modo de antaŭ 30 jaroj? Alta kolumo, strikta pantalono? Ne, mi rifuzas. Mi restos ĝuste kiel mi nun estas. Si: La modo por viroj ankaŭ iom komencas ŝanĝiĝi. Mi vidis brile koloritajn ĉemizojn en la magazeno hodiaŭ. Li: Nu... mia kara edzi- neto... en via nova modo... staru tie momenton kaj atendu. (Li eliras, sed baldaŭ revenas.) Jen, vi vidas, estas fotografajo de vi... en la jaro 1919-.. kaj ĝi montras vin en kostumo tute same kiel tiu, kiun vi nun sur- havas! Kia bela nova modo, ca ne? 62 The New Style Wife: My dear, I just re- turned from the city. Husband: Oh, yes ... did you have an interesting visit? She: I didn't visit anyone. I went for something special. Well... dear. . Notice anything? He: H-m-m? Oh, yes!... What happened to your skirt? It hangs almost to your ankles. An acci- dent in the bus? What embar- rassment for you. She: This is the new style. Don't I look lovely? He: The new style, dear? With such long skirts? Oh, my dear, that was already the style 30 years ago. She: Oh, no... it wasn't quite the same then. Look, a beautiful pleated skirt... at an elegant distance from the floor. He: Ah... the whims of women! Do I also have to re- turn to the style of 30 years ago? High collar, tight pants? No, I refuse. I shall remain ex- actly as I am now. She: Styles for men also are beginning to change a bit. I saw brightly colored shirts in the store today. He: Well... my dear little wife... in your new style... stand there a moment and wait. (He leaves, but soon returns.) Here, you see, is a photo of yourself... in the year 1919... and it shows you in a costume exactly the same as you now have on! What a lovely new style, yes? DEZIRAS KORESPONDI Aŭstrio. Franz Fotinger, Kaserngasse 7, Salzburg. Kor. Bulgario. K. Benev, Inspektoro, Ministersrwo PTT, Sofia. Dez. kor. pri vendado kaj inters, de PM, PK, kovertoj, ktp. Ĉinujo. Lu Cheng Chi, P. O. Box 7, Siangtan, Hunan. 28-j. dez. kor., kolektas PM, fotojn kaj literaturon. Ĉinujo. Charles Y. Chow, 28 Shutehli, Paoting Road, Tientsin. Dez. inters, neuzitajn PM kun tutmondo, precipe la noveldonitajn je granda kvanto. Korespondo aerpoŝte. Danujo. A. Moesgaard Larsen, Samsoegade 19 Aarhus. Dez. kor. pri PM kaj unua-tagaj kovertoj. Danujo. S-ino Agnese Hermund, Adelvej 4, Risskov. Kor. Francujo. S-ro Paulo Loubre, Ecole de Mandirac, Narbonne. 40-j. instruisto dez. kor. pri filozofio, kaj inters, infanajn desegnojn. Germanujo. "Willy Balduf, Lerchenstr. 23, Kornwestheim (14a), Stuttgart, U. S. Zono. Dez. kor. pri ĉiuj temoj. Respondo certa. Germanujo. Max Wahnschafft, Feuchtwangerstr. 10, (13a) Ans- bach/Bayern, U. S. Zono. Estro de lernejo dez. kor., inters, il. PK kaj leterojn tutmonde. Grekujo. Ioanidis Konstantino, Poste-Restante, Athens. Tri junaj soldatoj dez. kor. kun samidean-in-oj en Usono. Italujo. Ernesto Tocco, Corso Vittorio 20, Torino. Dez. kor. kun junaj gesamideanoj en Usono. Japanujo. Nakamura Toyozo, 2408 Nakaburi Hirakata-shi, Kita- gawati, Osaka, Studento en komerca lernejo dez. kor. Kanado. George Novotny, 379 Elm Ave. West, Montreal, P. Que. Dez. kor. kaj inters. PM kun junaj gesamideanoj en Usono. Respondo certa. Turkujo. Fahrettin Gŭrbŭzer, Hasan Efendi Mahallesinde 10, (Gazi Bulvari Sokak no. 12) yAydin. 25-j. dez. kor. kunAmerikanoj. Nov-Zelando. S-ino Ethel Rodger, 68 Hobson St., Wellington. 40-j. dez kor. kun komencantinoj prefere en grandaj urboj en Usono kaj Meksiko. Germanujo. Werner Floh, Gebhardstr. 64, (17a) Karlsruhe in Baden, U. S. Zono. Dez. kor. Germanujo. Franz Boeswald, bei A. Hemmerlein, Huttenfeldstr. 81 I. (13a) Bamberg, Bayern, U. S. Zono. 16-j. dez. kor. Anglujo. S-ino Lilian M. Oxley, 146 Regent Court Flats, Brad- field Rd., Hillsborough, Sheffield 6. 28-j. dez. kor. Japanujo. "AE" havas multajn nomojn kaj adresojn de studentoj, instruistoj, sciencistoj en Japanujo, kiuj deziras korespondi. Pern informon laŭ via propra intereso. 63 mm 3e*#: &wl6&§lnBŜS83SB A SELECTION OF BOOKS FROM SWEDEN Here are books of real merit, for your enjoyment, which we commend to Esperanto-readers everywhere. We select a few titles for detailed description. For a complete list of Swedish Esperanto- books see AE, Jan-Feb issue, pages 28-29. "Rapsodioj: Duct, Trio, Kvara", 3 for $1.90 postpaid. Compilations of best short stories, articles, essays, etc., in great variety, noted authors. Each book 5jk±" x 8/2", 48 pp. We list just a few items from table of contents. DUA RAPSODIO: Aventuroj en kongresa vojaĝo, Nylen; La lingvo de la laponoj, Collinder; La mania montgrimpulo, Persson; Latino kaj Esperanto, Stenstrom; La naiva kampulo, Szildgyi; En la naskurbo de Shake- speare, Soderberg; Idealo kaj realo, Engbolm; Voltaire, ĉiam ak- ruala, Svensson. TRIA RAPSODIO: Kunlaboro per Esperanto, Nylen; Mia junaĝo en Grenlando, Freucben; Optikaj lingvoj, Collinder; La militestro de la paco, Backlund; La blanka luno, Verlaine; Ne juĝo tro severe, Carlander; La artobjekto, Cekov; Iom pri nia tradukliteraturo, Stenstrom; Neniuj sekretoj, Henriksson. KVARA RAPSODIO: Mondmoralo, Szildgyi; Soneto (Shakespeare), Kalocsay; Nokta penso, Li-Tai-Po; Strangajoj el la besta vivo, Stop-Bowitz; Alarmo en 1945, Baghy; La patrino, Liiv-Dresen; Interna ideo, Kalocsay; Pioblemoj ĉe la tradukado, Gardman; Kurioza historio de fluganta sentenco, Set'dld. "50 Jarojn de Esperanto (Paul Nylen)", 75c postpaid. An up-to-date and richly illustrated account of the Esperanto movement from Zamenhof's birth to the present time (1859- 1942). In brief "book-film" manner, all outstanding events, per- sonalities, and progress of the world Esperanto movement are described and pictured, in chronological sequence. It is a remark- able reference work, and contains essential facts for a full under- standing of the movement. Much of it is new and different from other encyclopedic works in the past. For example, see Nylen's letter to Alice V. Morris about IALA. An indispensable book for every Esperantist ■— deluxe paper, art-card covers, large format 8" x 11", 64 pp, and over 100 photos and facsimilies. Order your copy now while we have a supply at this low price. 64 Wt^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^M^^^S. MORE BOOKS FROM SWEDEN Originala Esperanta Legolibreto, Widstrom, 46 pp. many little stories & essays, well recommended reader .............15 Kudlago, la malgranda eskimo, Hichtum, 40 pp. delightful story of native youth in Greenland, quite easy ................ .30 Barbro kaj Eriko, Schneider & Carlsson, 40 pp, il, little romance bet. Alois & Magda thru model letters.............25 Bengalaj Fabeloj, Sinha, 40 pp, three very interesting ex- otic fabels from India, by Hindu Esperantist .................30 Dialogoj kaj Komedietoj, Dahl, 32 pp, ten easy diverse short playlets for Esperanto meetings and courses ........ .25 Bargain in best possible reading and Esperanto informa tion: Dua, Tria, Kvara Rapsodioj, all 3 books for............ 1.90 La Esperanto-Klubo, Malmgren, 48 pp, crammed with ideas for organizing clubs, programs, fun, courses, etc............. .25 Al Torento, Engholm, 2nd ed, 93 pp, original novel of life in a Swedish industrial village, simple style .....................50 Gosta Berling, Selma Lagerlof, 552 pp, complete 2 parts in 1 de luxe cloth-bound vol., world-famed novel ........ 3.00 Same volume, except bound in 3-color heavy paper ........ 2.35 Infanoj en Torento, Engholm, Part 1 & 2, 2 vols, 100 pp & 144 pp, remarkable story, simple style. Both for ........ 1.70 La Fino, Count Folke Bernadotte, complete il. popular edi- tion, account of German negotiations during war............ 1.00 La Granda Aventuro, & other original stories, Szilagyi, 144 pp, sprightly "Stelolibro" edition, bound volume ............ 2.25 La Konsctenco Riproĉas, August Strindberg, 59 pp, novel of moral conflict, by great Swedish author, only ................ .30 La Ringo de la Generalo, Selma Lagerlof, 127 pp, novel, one of most brilliant works, in superb translation.........75 Pasko, August Strindberg, 88 pp, drama in three acts, fam- ous dramatic work, translated in simple style .................60 La Homaj Rasoj de la Mondo, Nordenstreng, 212 pp, 140 il, inch nudes, comparing characteristics all races ............ 1.35 Tra Sovaĝa Kamĉatko, Sten Bergman, 277 pp, richly il, life in Siberian peninsula, far northeast Russia .................... 1.75 Sonoj kaj Vortoj en Esperanto, Paul Nyleh, 40 pp, impor- tant commentary on pronunciation & wordbuilding.........60 Kaj Ĉio Restas Penso sed Ne Faro, Lakshmiswar Sinha, 15 pp, essay on understanding & human brotherhood.........25 Note, that when you buy books from American Esperantist, all profits are used to give you a better magazine and a better Central Office for E.A.N.A. |g||||||g|^ bi^ff^ ~-smr .■■'■■■ ''■'' :' RARE FIND IN ESPERANTO RECORDS A FEW "TBI-ERGON" NO. 1 & NO. 2 Of the "Tri-Ergon Foto-Electro Process" 12-inch records advertised in the Jan-Feb issue of AE, all of the eight No. 3 records, and about a dozen each of No. 1 and 2 records, were quickly sold out. Only a few of No. 1 and No. 2 re- main in stock: ten of No. 1, five of No. 2. During the last send-out of "Tri-Ergon" records, a few members pointed out that time and distance were against them (especially since only eight records of No. 3 were available). For orders sent in now, we will note your postmark date, and allow a full day extra for each postal zone distant from New York. This will apply to all orders, except that first consideration will be given to those who order both records No. 1 and No. 2. (Note, that we pay all packing, postage, and insurance costs.) "Tri-Ergon Record" No. I, price $3.85 postpaid. (1-A) Prologo por la Dek-Naŭa Universala Esperanto- Kongreso en Danzig, 40th Jubilee. Dramatic prologue to the Congress, by Edith Herrnstadt-Oettingen. (1-B) Parolado pri la Inventafo "Tri-Ergon" por fori Foto-Elektro-Diskojn. Important for its popular-science manner of presentation, using many simple scientific words. Speech by Edith Herrnstadt-Oettingen. "Tri-Ergon Record" No. 2, price $4.35 postpaid. (2-A) El la Parolado de D-ro Zamenhof en la Unua Universala Kongreso de Esperanto, 1905 at Boulogne sur Mer. There, Zamenhof presented "Preĝo sub la Verda Standardo." Speech recited by Edith Herrnstadt-Oettingen. (2-B) Parolado de D-ro Edmond Privat en la 40-a Jubileo de Esperanto, Danzig about Zamenhof, Esperanto progress, and the universal spirit of understanding. Re- corded by Dr. Privat, famed Esperantist orator. Esperanto, 114 W. 16th St., New York 11, N. Y.