INTERLANGUAGE AMERICAN ESPERANTIST Language Trouble at Meetings of the U.N. Security Council Lady Baden-Powell and Esperanto Scouts Need Interlanguage Japan Esperanto Movement Makes Significant Post-War Gains West Point Cadet Says Esperanto Aids in Uniting Nations Oficiala Organo de la ESPERANTO ASOCIO de NORD-AMERIKO MAY— JUN, 1946 Twenty-five Cents Address communications to: AMERICAN ESPERANTIST Vol. 61 G. ALAN CONNO'R, Editor Nos. 5-6 114 West 16th Street New York 11, N. Y. Associate Editors: Dr. W. Solzbacher, Doris Tappan Connor, Dr. Norman McQuown, Dr. S. Zamenhof, Viktoro Murajo, V. Rev. Gabriel N. Pausback, Capt. William M. Doran (Kanada Fako), George J. Falgier (Skolta Fako). China: V. Rev. J. B. Se-Tsien Kao. Eire: Lorcan O hUiginn, P.C.T. CONTENTS — ENHAVO Language Trouble at The Security Council........W. S. 49 Lady Baden-Powell Commends Esperanto........... 51 The Scouts Need Esperanto .........The Editors of AE 52 Commander and Mrs. Lambert Scout Awards.......... 54 Interlanguage~In Action-—Around the World........55-57 Esperanto's Place in the "Sun"............W. S. 58 Thumb-Nail Sketch.............Joseph Leahy 59 The Editor's Desk..... .......G. Alan Connor 60 President's Letter.............Robert Karlson 61 Letero de Japana Esperanto-Instituto............ 62 La Japana Esperanto-Movado Vivas......"Revuo Orienta" 63 Esperanto Ekfloras en Germanlando............. 64 Niaj Mortintoj ................... 65 Anonco — Esperantistoj de Kanado............ 66 The Esperanto Student..............D. T. C, 67 Argumento por Mia Spegulo -— Poemo .... Raymond Schwartz 68 "Ĉu estas eble, ke ni envenu . . . ?".....Wanda Zamenhof 68 Esperanto Vivas, Kreskas, Floras.............69-71 Deziras Korespondi .................. 72 Letter from West Point.......Cadet Daniel 0. Graham iv American Esperantist published bi-monthly for the Esperanto Associ- ation of North America, by the Esperanto Interlanguage Institute. Jarabono el iu lando, $1.50. Membreco, $2. El landoj kie estas neeble sendi monon, AE akceptos bonajn Espo-librojn, kaj etendas la abonon laŭvalore. Make Checks Payable to Order of the Editor — G. Alan Connor. Subscription and Membership — $2.00 per Year Subscription to "AE" (without Membership), $1.50 AMERICAN ESPERANTIST Vol. 61 MAY-JUNE, 1946 Nos. 5-6 LANGUAGE TROUBLE AT THE SECURITY COUNCIL The first item of fan mail received by the principal English interpreter of the United Nations Security Coun- cil came from a lady in Los Angeles. After congratulating the interpreter on his excellent work which millions have been able to follow over the radio, she suggested that he urge the members of the Council to save time and difficulties by using Esperanto. This is but one example of the many comments which statesmen, journal- ists, radio commentators, linguists, and thousands of ordinary citizens have made on the language problem, ever since the United Nations Security Council opened its meetings in New York. At a Forum of Hunter College stu- dents, for instance, the linguistic ar- tangements at the Security Council meetings came up for a great deal of criticism. The opinion was expressed that the headphone system (Filene- Finlay Speech Translator), which is being used at the Nuremberg War Crime Trials, would be the best way ■ of speeding the proceedings. Unfor- tunately, however, the time factor is not the only one that has to be taken into consideration. The United Na- tions Secretariat took its decision on the way in which the translations should be handled not through care- lessness or ignorance of the head- phone system, but after consideration of all the questions of accuracy, effi- ciency, and politics that are involved. It is extremely doubtful, for instance, that a man as distrustful of transla- tions as the Soviet Delegate, Andrei A. Gromyko, would be satisfied with English translations of his speeches given through an earphone system while he himself is talking in Rus- sian. He likes to watch the English translation and to challenge any word which he considers inaccurate or un- satisfactory. When the Iranian problem was dis- cussed, Mr. Gromyko declared that there was a "soglasie" between Russia and Iran. When the French trans- lator, who spoke immediately after him, translated this word as "accord," he did not object (perhaps because he does not understand French). But when the English translator rendered the same word as "agreement," he protested and insisted on "understand- ing." Later in the discussion, Mr. Gromyko used the word "dogovor," which is much stronger than "sogla- sie" and is listed in one dictionary published in Moscow as meaning "pact" or "treaty." The interpreter, who had learned his lesson, trans- lated this, too, as "understanding." In this case, obviously, the basic dif- ficulty was not linguistic but politi- cal. It is, however, easy to see how language difficulties can complicate and aggravate political disputes in many instances. At the London United Nations Con- ference the Russian delegate, Deputy People's Commissar A. Y. Vishinsky, was even more suspicious than Mr. Gromyko is in New York. He seemed to find it difficult to believe that an Englishman would translate unchanged his bitter criticism of British policies. He insisted at first on translation sen- tence by sentence (which is extreme- ly strenuous for translator and listen- ers), later he agreed to translation paragraph by paragraph (still bad enough). 49 50 AMERICAN ESPERANTIST Why then, someone may ask, does Mr. Gromyko talk Russian at all? His English is quite good, a great deal better than the English or French of some other members of the Coun- cil. There are apparendy two reasons for his talking Russian. One is the question of prestige: If the represen- tatives of the United States, Great Britain, and France talk their own languages, the Russian delegate wishes to show that he has the same right. (It seems, however, that Russian is not his mother tongue either — he has somewhat of a Byelorussian ac- cent.) The other reason is psycho- logical: The Russian delegate could not talk English with the same pre- cision and eloquence as he speaks Russian and as the American and British representatives speak English. Using English in his speeches would place him into an inferior position in the discussion with his colleagues. The question of prestige is also re- sponsible for the fact that the Secu- rity Council has no "official" lan- guages but only what it calls "work- ing", languages: English and French. This means that everything has to be translated and all documents have to be prepared in these two languages. This is complicated enough but not as bad as if Russian. Spanish and Chinese had also to be used for these purposes. All delegates except Mr. Gromyko have made praiseworthy efforts to save the meeting time and effort by speaking either English or French. There were, however, a number of awkward obstacles. One of the U.N. interpreters told an Associate Editor of the "American Esperantist" that some delegates are so hard to under- stand that the translations become more or less guesswork. The Mexican delegate, Dr. Francisco Castillo Na- jera, undoubtedly a great orator in Spanish, is very hard to follow when he speaks French. Fortunately he is not particular about trifles, and the translators' guesses are usually pretty close to the mark. The French translators were caused some real headaches by the English of the Australian Delegate, Lieutenant- Colonel William Roy Hodgson. They were very grateful to their widely- travelled English colleague who whis- pered into their ears while the Colo- nel was speaking. He did his best to reconvert the "down under" English into the Oxford accent to which they are accustomed. The language problem which has been troubling the Security Council is likely to be felt even more acutely when the United Nations Assembly gathers at New York in September. Fortunately there is a growing num- ber of men and women who believe that something should be done about this. One of them is Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt. She discussed this topic .again when she spoke before the New York Herald Tribune High School Forum on April 13, 1946. She declared: "Now I happen to believe that the best thing we could do for peace is to find a language -—• and I know all the political difficulties at- tached to choosing a language -—■ but if we could overcome them through the United Nations and find a language which all over the world all of us will learn, besides our own, it would mean a great deal for better understanding in the future. That language barrier was one of the things that struck me over and over again . . . No interpreter can interpret fast enough to tell you what a lot of people are talking about all around. So, you young people, try to come to some agreement that all of you everywhere will gradually be learning one language in which you can talk to each other without interpreters The time is ripe for presenting tc LANGUAGE TROUBLE AT SECURITY COUNCIL 51 the United Nations and to the peo- The Esperanto Association of North pies of the world all the pertinent America has set up a Committee facts and arguments concerning the headed by Mr. Glenn P. Turner (P.O. neutral, precise, easy-to-learn Inter- Box 1, Madison 1, Wisconsin) to or- language: Esperanto. To this effect ganize the gathering of signatures in the International Esperanto League is the United States and Canada. Here organizing a campaign, collecting sig- is a way in which all of us as well natures for a Declaration to be pre- as our friends and neighbors can EX) sented to the United Nations, urging something to help the United Nations this world organization to give seri- and the cause of international under - ous consideration to the language standing. Let us make sure that the problem. It expresses the hope that people of the United State?, host to the United Nations will help to spread the United Nations, become thorough- the use of this language in every pos- \j acquainted with the aims and claims sible way, for example by encourag- of the Interlanguage and that many ing its teaching in schools where thousands of them sign the Declara- teachers are available, and by devel- tion of the International Esperanto oping its use in travel, international League, commerce, and correspondence. — W. S. LADY BADEN-POWELL COMMENDS ESPERANTO Lady Baden-Powell, World Chief Guide of the Girl Scouts, repeats the approval of Esperanto which both she and Lord Baden-Powell have expressed throughout the years of their leadership in the Scout movement. In a letter to Dr. Lydia Allen DeVilbiss of Miami, Florida, Lady Baden-Powell writes about Esperanto as follows: Dear Dr. DeVilbiss, ... I much appreciate your thought in sending me news of your society for "Esperanto." I have of course come across it VERY often, and it would be a grand thing if Mrs. Roosevelt can persuade U.N. to introduce it all over the world, and get it taken up com- pletely in all schools and communities. If and when THAT comes about, it should indeed be of the utmost benefit to the world for the greater under- standing between peoples, who are — as you say — so di- vided by languages. Olave Baden-Powell World Chief Guide Lady Baden-Powell, in her approval of Esperanto, lends encouragement to the only solution which can fully realize the world-wide objectives of the Girl Scouts for common action, as expressed in their slogan for the year 1946: "Citizenship in Action ■— Around the World." THE SCOUTS NEED ESPERANTO "Scouts of the World -— Brothers Together" is the splendid slogan which was launched on the occasion of the thirty-fifth anniversary of the Scout movement. In the course of four dec- ades the Scout movement has become a world movement, recognized around the globe as an effective means of building youthful character. Today the American Scout has brother Scouts in 73 lands which have adopted the Scout program for their youth -— brother Scouts who speak many dif- ferent languages and live in accord- ance with the varied customs of their own regions, but who hold in com- mon the ideals of Scouting. Millions of Scouts are brothers in one world- wide family, but when it comes to talking to one another and under- standing one another they are often like a family of deaf-mutes. They need a common tongue as a world- wide link of brotherhood: the inter- language Esperanto. Lord Robert Baden-Powell empha- sized the significance and the tremen- dous possibilities of the interlanguage for the rapidly-expanding Scout move- ment, of which he was the founder, by urging Scouts to learn Esperanto. In his famous handbook, Scouting for Boys, on page 234 (edition of 1910), he suggested "Instruction classes in Esperanto, book-keeping, mechanics ■ . . ," placing Esperanto at the very beginning of the list. The founder of the Scout movement always did things in a practical way, so he rec- ommended, on page 235, among the "Books to Read," Stead's "Esperanto for the Millions." Lord Baden-Powell's advice has not remained unheeded. Esperanto classes have been organized by Scout troops in many lands. A large number of Scouts have gained the Interpreter's Badge by their study of Esperanto. When in 1933 the World Jamboree of the Boy Scouts was held at Go- dollo, near Budapest, Hungary, Es- peranto interpreters were posted at the bank, ticket office, post office, and other places; and Esperantist guides were available. Among some contingents, for instance those from France, Czechoslovakia, Norway, Spain, Portugal, Japan, and Trini- dad, the proportion of Esperanto- speaking members was 10 percent or more. On various occasions large groups of scouts gathered around camp-fires for Esperanto community sing-songs. The next World Jamboree of Scouting, to be held in France dur- ing August, 1947, with an expected attendance of 35,000 Scouts, provides an occasion for stimulating increased interest among Scouts in the useful- ness of Esperanto as a means of hur- dling language barriers. French Espe- rantists have already gone into action with publication of a textbook for French Scouts. They have received assurances from the Jamboree Organ- ization on three points: 1) Esperanto will be one of the languages of the Jamboree; 2) all announcements to be sent to foreign countries will be translated also into Esperanto; 3) a special date, the first Wednesday after the opening of the Jamboree, will be reserved for a get-together of all Esperanto-speaking Scouts. The lucky Scouts who attend the World Jamboree will find a tremen- dous thrill in communicating with Scouts of many different nationali- ties on a plane of language equality through the use of Esperanto. The interchange of ideas is bound to be more congenial when neither partici- pant is in a position of language inferiority, painfully striving to use a foreign idiom which the other speaks with fluency and ease because it is his native tongue. An American Scout does not have time to learn even a small number of the many 52 THE SCOUTS NEED ESPERANTO 53 languages spoken by Scouts of other lands. On the other hand, it is not democratic of him to expect all of them to learn his language. Esperanto is the fairest solution since in using it both parties come half-way. Scouts who will not attend the Jamboree may derive much satisfac- tion and value from Esperanto by utilizing it to earn the merit badge in Interpreting. The official merit badge pamphlet on Interpreting, pub- lished by the Boy Scouts of America, contains a ten-page section on Espe- ranto. A Scout who qualifies for this badge is entitled to wear a pocket- strip with the name of the language embroidered upon it. Among Girl Scouts Esperanto has been used almost as much as among Boy Scouts. When at the 1930 Con- ference of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts the ques- tion of the World Interpreter's Test was discussed, it was agreed that "in order to pass this test, girls must be able to know how to speak, read and write either English, or French, or German, or Spanish, or Esperanto in addition to their own language." For the Scout, the knowledge of Esperanto is a real key to the world. It enables him to correspond with Scouts and other young people every- where, to learn directly about foreign countries and peoples, and to ex- change stamps, Scout magazines, snap- shots, picture postcards, foreign Scout insignia, coins, etc. Scouts who have enough time may even be able to beat the record of Dr. Fred J. Wil- liams, of the Fiji Islands, who at one time had pen pals in more than a hundred countries and colonies, cor- responding with all of them in Es- peranto. A League of Esperantist Scouts (Skolta Esperantista Li go) has been in existence since 1918. It was launched by the English Scoutmaster A. W. Thompson who had the idea of forming such an organization when he was serving as a stretcher-bearer in Northern France during the first World War. By 1938 there were na- tional agents of the Skolta Esperan- tista Ligo in twenty-nine countries. Every year, international Scout camps, at which only Esperanto was spoken, were organized by the League in dif- ferent countries. It is hoped that the "Skolta Bulteno," official organ of the League of Esperantist Scouts, will soon be published again regularly in its old printed form. In the United States, before the war, George J. Fal- gier issued a Scout maazine entitled Estu Preta (Be Prepared). There are many other uses for the Interlanguage, and Scouts as well as others may benefit from them. The study and practice of Esperanto en- larges the horizon of the student and opens the mind to global thinking and international understanding. Both the Scout movement and the Esperan- to movement can make important contributions to the cause of the United Nations. Salvador Fernandez, International Commissioner of the Boy Scouts of Cuba, and now Assist- ant Executive Secretary of the Inter- American Committee of Boy Scouts, pointed this out when he wrote in the American Esperantist (July-Au- gust 1945): "Those who are called to carry out the decisions of the San Francisco Conference or to take an active part, in any other way, in building international organizations on a solid basis, should keep in mind these two important factors for the establishment of a stable and lasting peace: the international cooperation of the youth of the world in the Scout movement, and the tremendous possi- bilities and achievements of the inter- language Esperanto as an instrument of world-wide understanding and in- tercourse." COMMANDER RICHARD E. LAMBERT BOY SCOUT AWARD MURIEL COLLINS LAMBERT GIRL SCOUT AWARD Commander Richard E. Lambert, USNR, and his wife Muriel Collins Lambert, two tried and true friends of the Scout Movement and of Es- peranto, are offering a number of Esperanto Awards for Boy and Girl Scouts who learn Esperanto. They be- lieve that the Scout Movement can do a great deal to bring the youth of the world closer together, and that the simple, neutral, easy-to-learn interlanguage Esperanto is a valuable means of promoting international friendship and cooperation. All mem- bers of recognized Scout Associations will be eligible for these Awards ■— the Commander R. E. Lambert Awards for Boy Scouts, and the Muriel Collins Lambert Awards for Girl Scouts. Send for particulars. The Esperanto Association of North America will sponsor this project for American Scouts. In addition, a cor- respondence course, especially de- signed to assist Scouts in acquiring their Interpreters Merit Badge — as well as the above Awards — is to be conducted by George J. Falgier, Director of the Scout Department, EANA. Individual Esperantists can help by calling the attention of their local Scout circles to these opportu- nities, and by volunteering to serve as counsellors for Scouts working to qualify for these Awards. For infor- mation regarding all phases of this offer write to: Scout Department, EANA, P.O. Box 663, St. Louis, Mo. FONETIK ETHTX How rich the English language is With three and forty sounds or more; But six and twenty letters must The task perform to spell them o'er! Phonetic rules are ne'er observed; The only letter in the list That varies not is v, and yet From of one finds the v is missed. Four hundred different ways are used A half a million words to spell, So buckle down and study long Of course you'll learn them all real well. Fonetik ingliŝ ŝoz ju haŭ Eksidin kŭir aŭr lengŭeĝ luks; Tu mend ic form iz hoplis naŭ, Lee smdi Esperanto buks. Jes, studu Esperanton nun Ĉar literumi povos vi Post unuhora bela task', Prononci ankaŭ kiel ni. —Charles H. Briggs. (Mch has bn wrttn abt rfrmd spllng. F a systm f abbrvtns wr adptd, 40 pet f spc cld b savd. Th Edlr.) From a philosophical point of view there is not a single artificial thing — everything in nature is natural, e.g., compare the fruits growing wild in the jungle with the same kind of fruits in a well-kept orchard . . . After care- ful comparison (between the linguistic elements of English and Esperanto), we conclude that the English language is like the fruits of the jungle, and that Esperanto is like the fruits of a well-planned and well-kept orchard. Both kinds of fruits are natural. ■— B. SPECTOR, Spector Engineering Service Co. Donate library gift subscriptions — $1 each, if ordered in lots of 5 or more. 54 INTERLANGUAGE PROGRESS In Uruguay, the teaching profes- sion is showing considerable interest in Esperanto. In the past winter two Esperanto classes were taught at Mon- tevideo for members of the "Asocia- cion de Profesores" (Association of Professors and Teachers), one class for members of the Teachers' Union. These three classes were conducted by Prof. Fernandez Menendez. There was also a class at the Institute of Stenography (Instituto de Estudios Taquigraficos). • New shortwave broadcasts in Es- peranto were started recently from Bern, Switzerland (every Sunday, 1:10 P.M. EST, auspices International Red Cross, speaker Dr. Edmond Privat), and from Stockholm, Sweden (on the 16th of each month, from 10:10 to 10:30 A.M. and from 8:10 to 8:30 P.M. EST, auspices Swedish Esperanto Institute). Our previous information about broadcasts from Prague, Czecho- slovakia, should be corrected to the effect that Esperanto news bulletins are broadcast every day, including Sundays. The weekly broadcasts from Warsaw, Poland, and Belo Horizonte, Brazil, continue. The number of long- wave stations broadcasting in Espe- ranto is constantly increasing. Latest additions are Rio de Janeiro PRA 2 (auspices Brazilian Ministry of Edu- cation and Health), and Hilversum, Netherlands (auspices Workers' Espe- ranto Federation). The Austrian teachers' journal, "De- mokratische Paedagogik" (Democratic Education), now contains a regular Esperanto section edited by Dr. Ernst J. Goerlich, Professor at the Teachers College. The Austrian Secretary of State for Education, Dr. Karl Lug- mayer, was one of the speakers at a public Esperanto meeting in Vienna. There are at present 21 Esperanto clubs in Vienna. When the famous Dutch Univer- sity of Leyden was reopened, Espe- ranto was mentioned in die Inaurrural Speech of Dr. C. de Boer, Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Philosophy. Dr. de Boer, who is Professor of Ro- mance Languages, declared: "There are now some disputes about the new spelling (of the Dutch language) and about Esperanto. An amazing number of ignorant opinions are expressed on both these questions. They are, how- ever, not as simple as they appear to some people. For both of them, some understanding of the essence of language is not superfluous al- though linguists should not necessarily have the last word in such matters. In view of a recent publication, I wish to point out simply that . . . the language of a particular nation cannot ever have a chance of being generally accepted as a world lan- guage, regardless of how many mil- lions speak the language and how far it is spread over the globe. Inter- national relations are not yet so friendly. Only an artificial language can be an international language, and in this respect Esperanto has already proved that it possesses many of the qualities needed for the purpose." In the Wall Street Journal and oth- er American newspapers Esperanto was used by the Trans World Airline (TWA) for a large advertisement. It was a very effective display. 1'he name of the airline appeared in ten languages, beginning with Espe- ranto (Trans-Monda Aerlinio) and ending with English. The languages were listed with an appropriate illus- tration for each, for instance die Eif- fel Tower for French, the Parthenon for Greek, the Sphynx for Arabic. The symbol for Esperanto was the globe encircled by an airline. The age of air travel needs the global Interlan- guage: Esperanto! 55 ESPERANTO IN ACTION The Japanese Esperanto Institute, whose house in Tokyo is one of the few buildings which remained undam- aged by bombs and fire, has resumed publication of its monthly journal, "La Revuo Orienta." The 32nd Japanese Esperanto Congress was held at Tokyo on December 16, 1943. The Social Democratic Party, which obtained the second largest number of votes in the recent election, placed "the introduc- tion of Esperanto as the international language" into its party platform as its eleventh plank. The party will use Esperanto in its foreign relations. An- other organization, called the Insti- tute for Permanent Peace, founded under the leadership of Marquess Tokugawa-Yoshichika and of Cabinet Minister Matsumoto-Joji, decided to use both Esperanto and English for its reports to be sent to foreign coun- tries. An Esperanto class is now being held at its headquarters for the em- ployees and the members of the or- ganization. Further details on the Es- peranto movement in Japan appear elsewhere in this issue, in Esperanto. (See articles printed on pages 62, 63 and 64.) In Germany, according to a UP dispatch, an Esperanto Conference was held at Frankfort, center of the American occupation zone, on April 7, "to appeal to the Allied powers to introduce study of Esperanto in German schools." In Munich, accord- ing to a report by Dr. Siegfried Zie- gler in "Esperanto Internacia," the first public Esperanto meeting, organ- ized by the Club "Laboro" (Work), was held January 20. It was attended by about 250 Esperantists from Mu- nich and other cities in Southern Ger- many. With the permission of the American occupation authorities, an- nouncements about Esperanto ap- peared in the Bavarian newspapers and on the Munich radio. The Government of Cuba asked the Government of Brazil, through diplomatic channels, for information on the study and use of Esperanto in Brazil. At the request of the Bra- zilian Ministry of Education, Dr. Ma- rio Teixeira de Freitas, General Sec- retary of the Brazilian Government Institute of Geography and Statistics and President of the Inter-American Institute of Statistics, prepared a de- tailed report to be sent to Cuba. The report has now been published as a 28-page pamphlet, "O Esperanto no Brasil" (Esperanto in Brazil). It is being distributed at Government expense. Religious periodicals in Esperante are becoming more numerous. The international Christian (Evangelical Protestant) journal, "Dia Regno" God's Kingdom), has resumed pub- lication in Sweden. It was started in 1908, as a YMCA journal, two years after the Christian Endeavor Move- ment had launched an Esperanto jour- nal, "Eŭropa Kristana Celado" (Euro- pean Christian Endeavor), in Geneva. In the Netherlands, three Catholic Es- peranto journals are published at present: "Espero Katolika" (Catholic Hope), organ of the International Catholic Esperanto Union; "Vojo- Vero-Vivo" (Way-Truth-Life), bul- letin of the International Catholic Information Office; and "Nederlanda Katoliko" (Netherlands Catholic), organ of the Dutch Catholic Espe- ranto Society. A well-printed Catholic Esperanto journal, "Flandra Katoliko," appears in Belgium, and a mimeo- graphed bulletin, "Brita Katoliko," in England. An international address list of Catholic Esperantists was pub- lished this year at Dublin, Ireland. The Moslem Esperanto Group ("Is- lama Koresponda Rondo") has just published a booklet on the doctrines of Mohammed, in Esperanto. 56 AROUND THE WORLD "Stars and Stripes" (European Edi- tion) and several other large news- papers, for instance the New York "Journal American" and the Pitts- burgh "Sun Telegraph," published an illustrated feature story on Esperanto, quoting Mr. G. Alan Connor, Gen- eral Secretary of the Esperanto Asso- ciation of North America, on the benefits which the United Nations could derive from the use of the neutral Interlanguage, Esperanto. Il- lustrations included an Esperanto class, taught according to the Cseh method, a beautiful "kato" (cat), and an even more beautiful "kna- bino" (girl), demonstrating the Es- peranto word for love ("amo") by kissing a "knabo" (boy). The story was released by the King Features Syndicate on the occasion of the meeting of the United Nations Se- curity Council. This same illustrated article appeared in Spanish, in the leading newspaper of Mexico, "Uni- versal," Mexico City, on April 21st. — Some time before, the Associated Press also released a feature on Es- peranto. — On April 26, a very pop- ular cartoon, "They'll Do It Every Time," printed in a large number of newspapers, showed an employer advertising for a girl who, among other qualifications, had to know Es- peranto. • The Nuremberg War Crime Trials Jed a correspondent of "The Scots- man" (Glasgow) to make the follow- ing comment on the world language problem: "Whatever the fate of the accused, the trial, by the time it is over, ought to fortify the argument for a common world language. Nu- remberg may be a carefully-controlled Babel, but it is a Babel all the same. "The microphones, stop lights, and multilingual headphones may accel- erate the proceedings, but they com- plicate the hearings." Scholarly publications containing summaries in Esperanto include the "Journal de Medecine," Lyon, France; "Revista Brasileira de Geografia," Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and publications (Nos. 51, 52, and 55) of the Zoo- logical Museum, Oslo, Norway. * "America and the Language Prob- lem" was the title of a long article which appeared February 14 in the Brussels daily newspaper, "De Nieuwe Standaard." Commenting on Mrs. Roosevelt's recent statements on the urgent need for an international lan- guage and on the Gallup Poll deal- ing with the same problem, the arti- cle emphasized the growing interest for languages in general and for Es- peranto in particular in the United States. It mentioned the inclusion of Esperanto in a Demonstration Con- ference of the New York Language Teachers Association and in Profes- sor Mario A. Pei's "Languages for War and Peace," the recent Cseh Method Esperanto Course over radio station WABF (FM), the use of Es- peranto in a number of Hollywood motion pictures, the growing num- ber of Esperanto classes, etc. The ar- ticle concluded as follows: "The great interest which Americans are now showing in the study of foreign lan- guages and in the problem of an in- ternational auxiliary language is one of the significant facts which indi- cate the end, or at least the decline, of isolationism." • The Education Secretary of the British Esperanto Association, Mr. Montagu C. Butler, gave last year 126 lectures to 52 schools and 74 other meetings. Organizations address- ed included Rotary Clubs, Linguists' Clubs, Scouts, Girls' Junior Air Force, Toe H, Citizens' Leagues, Coopera- tive organizations, etc., as well as public meetings. 57 ESPERANTO'S PLACE IN THE "SUN »> The American press and the read- ing public have recently shown in- creased interest in the language prob- lem. Striking evidence of this was given in the "Letters" section of die New York "Sun" which published five letters on Esperanto, all of them, except the first, backing up the claims of the Interlanguage and offering proof of its practical use. The ball was started rolling by Sigmund Gottlober who recommend- ed a more widespread study of Rus- sian, and suggesting that English, French, and Russian together could serve as means of communication for the world. He also made the strange allegations that the grammar of Es- peranto "has forty-five pronouns, ad- verbs, and adjectives," that Esperanto has failed to become a living tongue, and that it is "not in use." The first reply came from a fa- mous linguist, Professor Mario A. Pei of the Dept. of Romance Languages of Columbia University, author of "Languages for War and Peace." In his letter Professor Pei declared: "While I agree wholeheartedly with Sigmund Gottlober's sentiments about the study of Russian in the United States, I must protest against the han- dling of Esperanto. Esperanto was de- vised not by 'Dr. Esperanto, a Rus- sian,' but by Dr. Zamenhof, a Pole. The grammar of Esperanto has far more than 'forty-five pronouns, ad- verbs, and adjectives'; it has the gram- matical machinery for constructing all the pronouns, adverbs, and adjectives that may be needed. Whatever may be said about other universal lan- guages, Esperanto is a living tongue and is in use. There are several mil- lion Esperanto speakers in the world, particularly in the smaller countries of Europe, in China and Japan and in South America, notably in Brazil. They have hundreds of periodicals (one of them, "American Esperan- tist," is published in New York City). Esperanto is regularly spoken at their meetings, which I frequently attend. Several European countries, notably Italy, used to broadcast in Esperanto before the war. Among its many ad- vantages as an international language, Esperanto does not step on any na- tion's toes, since it is not the national tongue of any country." After Professor Pei it was the turn of G. Alan Connor, Editor of the "American Esperantist," to have a let- ter published in the "Sun." He proved that "Esperanto roots are extracted from natural languages, and cannot justly be called artificial," by adding the Esperanto counterparts to an Eng- lish-Russian word list sent in by Mr. Gotdober. "Esperantists," Mr. Connor stated, "believe in the efficacy of learning foreign tongues — but why confine it to English and Russian? Why not learn Persian also, in order better to understand the people of Iran? Or Finnish and Chinese? All are expressions of national cultures, and all are jealous of their 'place in the sun.' By all means let us study Russian (if we wish) . . . But let us also extend the use of the living Interlanguage, Esperanto, so that the peoples of the world may meet on absolutely neutral common ground — via the easy bridge-language composed of the elements of all tongues." The debate was concluded by an extremely effective statement by a widely - traveled educator and labor leader, Mr. Mark Starr, Educational Director of the International Ladies Garment Workers Union: "Sigmund Gotdober inflicts a premature burial upon Esperanto. As in the case of a noted American humorist, its death is exaggerated. As one who has used the international auxiliary language in many countries, including Russia, I am glad to say that Esperanto vivas utile por la homaro." 58 THUMB-NAIL SKETCH OF JOSEPH LEAHY During my 12 years in the EANA Central Office, I was often asked: "Why don't you write about your- self, what you did, how you got interested in Esperan- to?" Well . . . Shortly after the Civil War, the stork left me in the wilds of Quebec. Since then I' ve been farmer, hotel clerk, salesman, reporter, soldier, runner, skating and bicycling racer, finger-print expert, and for 40 years "on my own" in business. In early life I absorbed a modicum of English, Gaelic (parents Irish and Scotch), French and Indian languages. When I moved to Pembroke, Ont., I heard Polish, German, Swedish and Italian. I could not help wondering why someone had not invented a lan- guage that people of all nations could understand. In 1888 I came to the USA. A man invited me to a class where they taught "a wonderful language that everybody could use, called Volapuk." I quickly discovered that Volapuk was miles beyond my scholastic attain- ments. In 1908 I found a bundle containing five copies of the Ameri- can Esperantist. Articles told about "an easily-acquired universal language, invented by Dr. Zamenhof." After delving into Esperanto a little, I decided as did Dr. Leopold Einstein: "This is the long-looked-for logical language." At the end of three weeks I addressed five postcards to five for- eigners — Chinese, Dutch, Japanese, German, Siamese — whose requests for correspondents I found in the magazines. By the end of two months I had answers from all — thrill of a lifetime — I had learned a lan- guage in a few weeks. But I did not hear Esperanto spoken until six years later. In 1910, passing thru Washington, I noticed a crowd and asked a police- man about it. He said: "there's to be a convention here next week, by a bunch called Nil Desperandums, or something like that, and the Chief just came in from Europe." Learning who the Chief was — Dr. Zamenhof —I rushed to get a glimpse and hear some Esperanto. I got the glimpse but could not get near enough to hear. In 1914 I moved to Washing- ton, and soon met a man on the street who said: "Mi vidas ke vi estas Espe- rantisto." He had noticed the little green star in my buttonhole. We chat- ted a few minutes — thrill no. 2 — I could talk and be understood in a language I had never before heard spoken. In 1933, the Central Office was moved to Washington, and I became busy with its affairs. In 1934 I at- tended the EANA Congress in To- ronto and was elected General Secre- tary. At each of the following con- gresses I advised the selection of an- other Secretary, but was always an- swered with "hold on for another term." In 1945, I decided positively to step aside. I was very happy when G. Alan Connor of New York suc- cumbed to my persistent pleadings and said he would relieve me. Now, viewing the work from the sidelines, it gives me joy to note the splendid work being done for Espe- ranto by the new officers — all ex- perienced and conscientious Esperan- tists. To them, and to the many friends I have met in the 12 years of my occupancy of the Central Office, my sincere thanks and best wishes — their cooperation at times was life- saving. — Joseph Leahy Students of the language problem need the American Esperantist—$1.50 a year. 59 AMERICAN ESPERANTIST G. Alan Connor, Editor 114 West 16th Street New York 11, N. Y. THE EDITOR'S DESK ESPERANTO IN JAPAN With this issue of the American Esperantist, we publish the first ac- counts of the strong resurgence for Esperanto in Japan. We also convey a message of goodwill from the Japa- nese Esperantists, to all Esperantists everywhere, throughout the world. This news is good news for the fu- ture of understanding and peace in the world. We congratulate our Japa- nese colleagues on their significant post-war progress for Esperanto, and look forward to active cooperation for fraternal interlanguage understanding between East and West. E.A.N.A. CONGRESS All roads lead to Conway, New Hampshire, fot the first post-war Con- gress of our Association. Time: Au- gust 12, 13, 14 (with a reception to our new President, Robert Karlson, arranged for Sunday evening August 11). Place: World Fellowship Center, near Conway. Accommodations: $3.00 a day for room and board at the "Farm House-Hostel-Cottage Center." Surroundings: Perfect summer loca- tion in a "Forest - Farm - Lake - and - Mountain - Paradise." Reservations: Must be made at earliest conveni- ence, with deposit of $3.00 to hold choice. Congress Ticket: The custom- ary $3.00, for both participants at Conway, and participants-by-mail. Pur- chase of a ticket, this year, will mean a large sum for EANA, because ex- penses will be very light; and, it will mean greater satisfaction to the mem- ber also, because each holder of a Congress Ticket will be considered, in every way possible, as an active Kongresano. Because many travel difficulties still remain ' with us, Joseph R. Scherer, Los Angeles, Past-President of EANA, makes the following suggestion: "For the time being, it is better to have the congress in the Eastern Part of the U.S., rather than in California, and donate to the Treasury of EANA the difference in travel expenses — at least $100. If ten members would donate the difference saved by attend- ance at near-by Congress, the Treas- ury of EANA would have $1000." But, although it is a splendid sugges- tion, we do not ask large donations to the EANA Congress Fund. Instead, we do urge that every member, wher- ever possible, buy a Congress Ticket at $3.00, and in that way participate as an active Kongresano, while assur- ing a very good sum in the aggregate for the usual post-congress donation to EANA. Send for a copy of the fully de- scriptive and illustrated prospectus of the World Fellowship Center, when you send for your Congress Ticket. And if you are already certain of your attendance in person at the Con- gress, send another $3.00 (making $6.00 in all) for assured reservations at Conway. You may make any chang- es in category of accommodation af- ter you have read the prospectus. See you at the Congress — in person or by Congress-Ticket proxy. KLUBO STELO-LIBRO The American Esperantist has made arrangements with the Esperanto Pub- lishing Society of Sweden, to handle their Book Club in America. "La Fino" was the first book in the series. All Stelo-Libroj are of the best in Esperantolando, beautifully printed and bound. With this issue we en- close a folder and subscription form, giving all details. We are sure that many members will want to join this Book Club. 60 The Esperanto Association of North America EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Robert Karlson, President, G. Alan Connor, Gen. Sec'y, Joseph Leahy, Member PRESIDENT'S LETTER To My Fellow Esperantists: It is becoming more and more apparent that 1946 may be the "Year of Decision" for Esperanto in North America. The latent interest in Interlanguage, on the part of North Americans generally, has been clearly shown, by polls of opinion and by the increasing volume of specific inquiries, to be ready and waiting for constructive direction. Our membership in general, and our Central Office in particular, are making valiant and praiseworthy efforts to translate this interest into the in- creased study and use of Esperanto. We must all continue our individual efforts. They are of fundamental importance. But for large results in the larger fields, a stronger, more coordinated, more UNITED effort is essential. The general plan, and the first specific moves, in this larger effort have been decided upon. In this connection, your Executive Committee is deeply indebted to a large number of earnest, hard-working members for many val- uable and constructive suggestions. Every suggestion is welcome, and all are seriously considered. But this larger, more concrete program, embodying many of these sug- gested activities, cannot be implemented on the existing basis of EANA mem- bership and revenue. In fact, the present more limited program has been ac- complished only by means of special sacrifice and effort on the part of partic- ular individuals, who cannot be expected to maintain indefinitely such a tempo of individual contribution. So, my Colleagues, that time ■— the time in its history which had to come — the time when EANA comes of age, reaches maturity, and starts to do the larger things that can be done only by Esperantists in united continental Action, is here, NOW!! A proposed amendment to our Constitution regarding membership is printed elsewhere in this issue of our association organ. It is proposed that the annual dues for a full, active membership in our Association be at the rate of $5.00. It is proposed that an associate, subscribing membership (non- voting) be retained at the annual rate of $2.00. We Esperantists have full faith in and are altogether serious about the merit of Interlanguage as the solution of the age-old problem of Babel — speech confounded. I am confident that this proposal for the strengthening of our Esperanto Association of North America will have the immediate sup- port of our entire membership. Samideane kaj kunlaboreme la via, Robert Karlson, Frezidanto DIGEST AND REVIEW, popular digest magazine, announces (in Aug. issue) a series of Esperanto articles and lessons. An introductory article appears in Sept., a Practical Esperanto Course in Oct., Nov., Dec, Jan. 61 LETERO DE JAPANA ESPERANTO-INSTITUTO Karaj samideanoj, Ni estas emociitaj de tio, ke oni havigis al ni okazon tiel frue saluti vin, Usonaj samideanoj, en la nomo de la Japana Esperantistaro. Ĉi tiun plezuron ni dankas al nia servema amiko en la Usona mararmeo, Leŭtenanto S. E. Martin, ĉarma juna oficiro, kiu al nia multa bedaŭro forlasos nin hejmen jam en la kuranta semajno, kaj por kies honoro ni donas hodiaŭ kunvenon kun la ĉeesto de ĉ. 50 Tokiaj esperantistoj en nia domo — en nia propra domo, kiu kvazaŭ per miraklo restas sendifekta trans realajn danĝerojn plur- fojajn. Ne nur la domo, sed ankaŭ nia organizo mem restis sekura ankaŭ dum la tuta daŭro de la milito malgraŭ diversaj malfaciloj, precipe furiozo de ŝovi- nistoj, kaj jam en la unua tago de la postmilita rekonstruado ni povis fari viglan ekpaŝon por nia afero. La 16-an de decembro ni havis nian 32-an Kongreson kun 71 ĉeestantoj kaj faris tre viglajn diskutojn pri la direkto de nia postmilita movado. La adre- soj de la plejmulte da membroj estis perditaj en la lasta unit jaro de la milito pro la ruiniĝo de la urboj, sed ĝis hodiaŭ ni sukcesis jam kontakti kun pli ol 1,200 membroj. Kaj ĉi tiu cifero kreskadas tagon post tago. Esperantaj kur- soj estas organizitaj en multaj kolegioj kaj universitatoj kun la partopreno de 50 ĝis 200 studentoj respektive. Multaj distingitaj natursciencistoj venadas al ni por nove lerni Esperanton kun la deziro publiki al la mondo siajn labo- rojn estonte en nia lingvo. Unuvorte nia movado ĉi tie montriĝas multe- promesa. Al ni ankoraŭ ne estas permesite publike korespondi kun alilandaj kole- goj, kaj tial ni dubas, ĉu ni trovos tre baldaŭ ŝancon skribi al vi la duan fojon. Se vi do havos neniun informon pri ni por longa tempo, vi tamen ne estos perfiditaj, ni kredas, supozante, ke ni estas laborantaj por nia komuna inte- reso energie kaj sukcese. Kiam ni, japanoj, estos permesitaj en dezirinde proksima estonto parto- preni en la internacia vivo, ni, esperantistoj, klopodos sindoneme en la entre- preno de la venigo de la konstanta mondpaco. Kaj en tiu ĉi laboro ludos, ni kredas, gravan rolon interhelpe de vi, Usonaj esperantistoj, kaj ni, japanaj. Krome ni atendas de vi helpon al nia tasko klerigi per nia aktiveco nian po- polon. Vi certe ne ŝparos ĝin. Intertempe transdonu, ni petas, karaj kolegoj, nian bondeziron al la sami- deanoj de via lando, kaj se ni ne trouzos vian helpemon, ankaŭ al la tutmonda esperantistaro. Esperante, ke ni tre baldaŭ rehavos feliĉon partopreni en la internacia kunlaboro, ni restas sincere viaj. Japana Esperanto-Instituto Subskribis: S. Satojori, T. Horumi, /. Taraiia, M. Sudori, Wada-Mikiko, Tsoda-K., Gumpej Fuke, M. Horiuĉi, H. Nakajima, Kitahara-J&o, Sadamoto Jamada, Kijosi Mituisi, Jagi-Nihej, Higa-Shunsho, Yamada-Acusi, Joŝio Niŝi- kaŭa, Macutaro Sakej, Fumio Akita, Nara Jeje, Tomimori-Gentaro, Joŝiaki Mi&a, Mijake-Ŝike, H. Kuraĉi, K. hido, Manzaŭa-Maki, Torao Sŭakuma, T. Nakajama, Tabata-Kisaku. Aoŝima-Tomop, Aoŝima-Josio, Arata Macu-no, Moto- hazu Takuhuko, Cukihora-Juzuru, Adaĉi-Ĉotaro, Riej Hasegaŭa, Masuzo Inoue, T. hhikaŭa, H. Nakamuro, T. ŝimazui, M. Sugimoto, Nakagaki-Koĵiro, Emori- Minosuke, Ohaŝi-Rjutaro, Takagi-Teuti, Tadaŝi Urato, S. Murajama, KoiU Ozako. 62 LA JAP ANA ESPERANTO-MOVADO VIVAS Pere de Amerika Esperantisto, la japanaj samideanoj salutas "en la unua tago de la nova epoko al la transmaraj kolegoj". Kun plezuro ni eksciis, ke la Japana Esperanto-Instinito, ĉefa organizo Es- perantista en Japanujo, bone travivis la militon kaj ke ĝi organizis la 3 2-an Japanan Esperanto-Kongreson en To- kio la 16-an de Decembro 1945. Ame- rika Esperantisto jam ricevis tri nume- rojn de la reaperanta gazeto La Revuo Orienta kun interesa enhavo. La«de- cembra numero eĉ publikigis angla- lingvan tradukon de artikolo "Neceso kaj eblo de lingvo internacia," eltirata el la konata Unuel-broŝuro de D-ro Zamenhof. Presita kun paralela tek- sto en Esperanto, la artikolo estis uza- ta por propagando inter usonaj solda- toj en Japanujo. Jen la unua artikolo (iom mallongigita) el la revivigita "Revuo Orienta": "Ce la tagiĝo de la paco, ni japanaj Esperantistoj havas plezuron sciigi al la eksterlandaj samideanoj, ke ni jam en la unua tago de la nova epoko estas pretaj, spirite kaj materie, por disvolvo de vigla movado por nia komuna entrepreno ... La 16-an de Aŭgusto, la tagon post la japana ka- pitulaco, membroj de nia asocio es- primis sian firman konvinkon, ke ni japanaj Esperantistoj havas devon, kiel anoj de venkita nacio kaj samtempe kiel konsciaj membroj de la homaro, klopodi sindoneme por nia ideo, en la celo kontribui al starigo de kon- stanta mondpaco kaj al plialtigo de la kulturo kaj plivastigo de la bono de la noma raso. "Nian novan elpaŝon faciligis la fortuno, ke nia oficeja domo restis tute sendifekta kun valora biblioteko kaj tuta stoko da eldonaĵoj. Ne nur unu fojon ĝi kvazaŭ pro providenco savis sin de pluvo da incendiaj bom- boj kaj ciklonoj da fajro, kiuj formor- dis la plej grandan parton de la urbo; la konstruaĵo kun la emblemo de la verda stelo en sia frontono staras en angulo de la senborda ruino de cin- dro kiel simbolo de la nova espero. "Nia afero, malgraŭ sufokaj circon- stancoj, neniam ripozis dum la mi- lito. Nia monata organo aperis aku- rate ĝis Marto de la lasta jaro (1944), kiam la registaro "konsilis" al ni pere de la Japana Eldono-Societo ĉesigi ĝi- an eldonadon. La konsilon oni poste modifis pro nia klarigo pri la grava signifo de nia movado de la kultura vidpunkto. Tiam oni komunikis al ni la deziron, ke ni interrompu la eldonadon por unu jaro, car la re- gistaro opiniis, ke Esperanto-gazeto pro ĝia karaktero ne estas urge be- zonata, kiam ĉiuj periodaĵoj devas esti mobilizataj por stimuli la popolon al batalemo kaj malamikemo. Ni suk- cesis eldoni ampleksan studon de K. Ossaka, 'Malgranda Monografo de Es- perantaj Prepozicioj" (ĉ. 500 paĝoj) en la fino de 1943. Kursoj estis orga- nizitaj konstante, ĝis fine la cirkon- stancoj malebligis vesperajn kunve- nojn. Liverado de eldonajoj ne haltis. Portante en dorsosako pakaĵojn da libroj menditaj de lokaj samideanoj, oni pasadis sur stratoj ankoraŭ fu- mantaj post nokta bombardo, serĉante poŝtoficejon en neincendiita zono. An- kaŭ novaj adeptoj, kvankam malmul- taj, venadis al ni. "Bedaŭrinde ni tamen perdis dum la milito plej konsiderindan nombron da membroj — unuj falis per kugloj aŭ pro miasmo sur la malproksimaj frontoj, aliaj perdiĝis per bomboj kaj fajro en siaj hejmurboj, dum ke aliaj defalis el nia vico pro diversaj mo- tivoj. Kelkaj, precipe maljunaj vete- ranoj, ne ĝisvivis la malhonoran mo menton de sia patrujo. Inter ili estis Profesoro D-ro Asajiro Oka, la unua japano, kiu lernis Esperanton. Li mor- tis 75jara, la 2-an de Majo 1944. Li estis iam Profesoro de la Pedagogia 63 64 AMERICA ESPERANTISTO Kolegio en Tokio kaj estis membro de la lmperia Akademio. Li estis vaste konata biologo. Li konatiĝis kun Es- peranto en 1891, kiam li estis uni- versitata studento en Leipzig. Du ja- rojn pli frue li mem faris projekton de internacia helplingvo, Zilengo (Nia Lingvo), kies strukturo tre similis Es- peranton. Dum la tuta vivo li restis plej bona amiko de nia lingvo. Lia tuta familio, kvin gefiloj kaj bofilino, estas fidelaj adeptoj de Zamenhof. "Kiam ni ekspedis la lastan nu- meron de nia organo, ni tenis anko- raŭ mil membrojn. Sed nun, post la milito, la plej granda parto de iliaj adresoj estas perdita en la ruinoj, kaj ni apenaŭ sukcesis rehavi kontakton kun triono de inter ili. Ni tamen decidis daŭrigi la eldonon de tiu ĉi revuo. Ni retrovos iom post iom mal- novajn amikojn kaj samtempe akiros novajn anojn, ĝis kiam tre baldaŭ ni havos tiom da membroj, kiom ni havis antaŭ la milito." Ni ankaŭ eksciis kun granda inte- reso, ke la Socialdemokrata Partio de Japanujo (Nippon Syakaito), kiu atingis duan lokon inter la partioj en la elektoj, metis la "enkondukon de Esperanto kiel internacia lingvo" en sian programon kiel paragrafo 11. En la inaugura kunveno de la partio, S-ro Ono Syuniti, ĝia centra komita- tano, raportis, ke la partio "uzos Es- peranton por kontakti kun la popoloj de la mondo." Alia japana organizo fondita post la fino de la milito, la Instltuto por Paco Porĉiama, kies pre- zidanto estas Markizo Tokugawa, de- cidis uzi paralele Esperanron kaj la anglan lingvon por publikigi siajn ra- portojn eksterlanden. La Instimto jam organizis kurson de Esperanto por siaj oficistoj kaj membroj. Ni deziras al la japanaj Esperan- tistoj plenan sukceson en ilia laboro, esperante, ke la interlingvo helpos ilin fari la reformojn necesajn por paca rekonstruo de ilia lando kaj de la tuta mondo. ■—"La Revuo Orienta" ESPERANTO EKFLORAS EN GERMANLANDO Depeŝo per UP, el Frankfurt, Ger- manujo, 7-an aprilo, informis: "Espe- rantistoj kunvenis ĉi tie hodiaŭ por apelacii al la aliancaj registaroj, ke ili enkonduku Esperanton en la lernejojn de Germanujo." Poste ni ricevis la ple- nan rezolucion pere de James D. Say- ers, kiu paftoprenis kaj helpis pri la tradukado. El Aŭstrujo venis simila raporto. Prof. W. Cabell Greet de Ko- lombio-Universitato, kiu ĝin sendis al ni, skribis: "La nuntempo certe ne es- tas periodo en la historio de la mondo, dum kiam interesiĝo pri la internacia lingvo estu malhelpata." El Muenchen, Germanujo, alvenis raporto per M. Lippert: "... mi ob- servas la Esperanto - movadon en la Usona Zono, kiu estas denove perme- sata depost 17 septembro 1945. Gi ek- floris kaj bonege kreskas." En Mun- keno estas 15 kursoj kun 300 perso- noj, kaj la grupo "Laboro" havas pli ol 500 membrojn. La plej granda suk- ceso estas la enkonduko de Esperanto en la Universitaton de Munkeno. An- kau la popol-altlernejo kaj aliaj publi- kaj lernejoj akceptis Esperanton. D-ro Tdegler instruis la geinstruistojn per la nova tasko. Ciu Membro de LAN A automate fariĝas Asocio-Membro de IEL Sed por ricevi la Jarlibron kaj gazeton de IEL oni devas aparte fariĝi Individua Membro de IEL. Ĉef-Delegito: D. E. Parrish, 328 W. 46 St., Los Angeles, Col. NIAJ MORTINTOJ A. COUTO FERNANDES, estro de la Esperanto-movado en Brazilo, mortis pro kormalsano en la 22 de Aprilo. Tiu malfeliĉa novaĵo venis al ni de I. Gomes Braga. La morto de Inĝeniero Alberto Couto Fernandes persone kortuŝas nin. Inĝ. Couto Fer- nandes naskiĝis en S. Luiz do Mara- nhao, 23an de Oktobro 1871, espe- rantistiĝis en 1906, estis Prezidanto de B.L.E. de 1908 ĝis 1946, verkis la plej bonajn gramatikojn kaj vor- tarojn de Esperanto por la portugala lingvo, estis membro de la Lingva Komitato kaj Amerika Esperanto- Akademio. El la adiaŭaj vortoj de S-ro Braga, ĉe la entombigo de A. Couto Fer- nandes, ni elprenas signifan frazon: "Se la Esperanto-movado en nia Pa- trolando estas nun fervora kaj respek- tinda idealo, kiun ĉiu serioza homo ŝatas kaj atentas, tion ni ŝuldas al via pacienca penado." Granda verda standardo envolvis la ĉerkon, kaj S-ano Couto Fernandes estis entombigita en la Verda Standardo, kiun li tre amis. ROGER GOODLAND, kies mor- to estis raportita en AE, Sep - Okt 1945, provizis monsumon por EANA, en sia testamento. Jos. Leahy, antaŭa sekretario kiu persone konis S-ron Goodland, ricevis ĝin por EANA. Kia grandanima Esperantisto estis Roger Goodland! Ehim la vivo li konstanre propagandis por Esperanto, kaj je morto lasis al organizoj mon- sumojn por daŭrigi la servadon. Ni devas meriti lian fidon. PASTRO F. X. O'RIORDAN, ka- tolika pastro kaj fervora nova Espe- rantisto, mortis en la 13a de Junio, 1945. Li loĝis en Birmingham, Mich. Li mirinde lernis Esperanton dum nur kelkaj semajnoj. Okazis longa si- lento. Serĉante la kaŭzon, ni jus ler- nis pri la morto. WILLIAM H. DONALDSON, longtempa kaj lojala Esperantisto, membro de EANA, morris je la 7-a de Februaro. Li loĝis en Nov-Jorko, kie li ĉiam sekvis kaj subtenis la progreson de Esperanto. Al lia edzi- no, kiu sendis informon pri la morto, ni esprimas kondolencon. D-RO WM. S. BENSON, kies mono ni raportis en Nov-Dec AE, meritas gravan lokon en la historio de Es- peranto. Tra la tuta mondo, oni ĝuis profite lernadon de Esperanto per lia granda Universala Esperanto-Metodo, Je la fina horo de lia morto, li tro- viĝis verkante novan libron similan — kiu nun neniam estos presita, car nur la majstrotuŝo de D-ro Benson mem povus finverki ĝin. D-ro Benson estis Esperantisto de- post la du unuaj jaroj de la naskiĝo de Esperanto. Li lernis ĝin en Pol- lando. Dum li estis ankoraŭ juna li migris al Usono, kie li fariĝis kura- cisto. En lia fako de kuracado, li el- pensis divetsajn sciencajn kuracilojn. Li starigis Esperanto-lernejon, kie li kondukis korespond-kursojn. Li estis grava kunredaktisto de la gazeto Es- peranto ]unularo. La Bensona Lernejo de Esperanto ne plu ekzistas, sed lia amata filino, Flora Benson, ankoraŭ prizorgas la diversajn librojn. Estinte treege modesta homo, D-ro Benson neniam ricevis la laŭdon kiun li meritis. Ni esperas ke iam la Es- peranto-historiisto elserĉos la tutan interesan rakonton pri lia vivo kaj laboro. Dumtempe restas nur libroj —multaj, diversaj, bonhumoraj, mulr- ilustritaj libroj. Kaj vera monumento al D-ro Benson estas lia grandioza verko, Bensona Esperanto - Metodo, 500 paĝoj, 10,145 bildoj, 40 lingvoj, 200 verketoj, kaj plena tutesperanta ilustrita vortaro. Ni honoru lian la- boregon. Ni f unebru la perdon de dum- vive lojala pioniro de la interlingvo Esperanto. 65 ONE MORE $100, AND . . . ... we will have won the $100 which Mrs. Flora Wyman offered to the $1000 Working Fund, on condi- tion that five others would give $100 each. Four have already contributed $100 — James H. Furay, Anonymous, Esperanto Club of Washington, D.C., and Hal Ewen. Hal wrote: "I cannot be content until I am sure every ef- fort has been made to provide AE with adequate reserve. So ... I have already contributed $25 — I pledge to contribute $20 per month for die next four months to make a total of $100, and to help meet the quota of five contributors at $100 each. This is straining my resources more than 1 ought, but I consider it a worth- while strain ..." Hal wants Espe- ranto in America ■— NOW, and all who know his circumstances, know that he is making a tremendous per- sonal financial sacrifice for Esperanto. Samideanoj like Hal Ewen, and a growing list of others (with the same idea of adequate support for Espe- ranto in America), brighten and light- en our labors at the Central Office. Our own sacrifices — foregoing one $2500 a year salary, and foregoing all nights, weekends and holidays, to build an enduring Esperanto fortress for Esperanto — become joys in the light and warmth of such support. Who will respond with the needed $100? One more $100, and . . . we will have reached the sum of $96l. Two more $100's, and we will be dollars beyond the $1000 which we set as our goal. We are positive that this need be our final appeal for the $1000 Fund, and that not only $100, but many sums of $25, $10, and $5, will be contributed to assure the suc- cess of this effort. Complete list of all contributions in later AE. ANONCO — ESPERANTISTOJ DE KANADO La Esperanto-Asocio de Nord-Ame- riko anoncas novan Kunredaktiston por Kanado, en la Stabo de Amerika Esperantisto. Li estas Kapitano el la Kanada Armeo, nome Captain Wil- liam M. Doran, 595 Fail Mall Street, London, Ontario, Canada. Kapitano Doran flue parolas france, angle, kaj Esperante. Li respondas pri io ajn, kio koncernas la Interlingvon. Sendu al li novajon por AE. Kunlaboru kun li por varbi grandan nombron da Ka- nadanoj en la kumunan klopodon por efika Nord-Amerika movado. Provincial Institute of Technology, Calgary, Alberta, havas grupon da stu- dentoj kiuj deziras studi Esperanton. G. Ewart Brown, de la Instituto, jam komencis organizi ilin. Franc-Kanadano, Joseph E. Girard, nun civitano de Usono loĝante en Nov-Jorko, multe helpas en la laboro ĉe la Centra Oficejo. Lia familio de- venis de Kebeko. R. kaj M. Kelly, ŝeridano, Ontario, sendas gratulon al Prezidanto Robert Karlson, pro lia estrado de la Nord- Amerika movado el Kanado. S-ro H. M. Raynor, Ituna, Sask., Canada, deziras korespondi tutmonde. Li estas nova fervora ano de EANA. Skribu multnombre. Andrew O'Reilly, Toronto, Kanado, sendas gratulon al AE, pro la plibo- nigo de la enhavo. Li raportas novan stud-rondon en Toronto. R. A. Elavell, Oyama, B.C., sendas novajn abonojn kaj aliĝojn al EANA. Li sendis abonon por samideano en Francujo ankaŭ. /. H. Hartley, sendis tutan aron da abonoj kaj membrecoj el Hamilton, Ontario. Hamiltono montras bonan kreskigon en Esperanto. Toronto-Esperanto-Klubo raportas novajn sukcesojn pri membroj kaj diversaj leteroj pri Esperanto en k lokaj jurnaloj. Ni gratulas. 66 THE ESPERANTO STUDENT Here are some expressions which you will find useful when going on an excursion in Esperanto land. Notice the formation of the word vid-ind-ajoj (things worth seeing, the sights). Learn especially the use of interesiĝas pri (is interested in), and when we speak of traveling by bus, tram or other Tehicle the word veturi is the word to use. La Ekskurso Bonan tagon, fraŭlino! Ĉu vi estas preta por la ekskurso? Jes, sinjoro. Mi tre ĝojas pri la ekskurso. Kien ni iros? Estas multaj belaj vidindaĵoj en nia urbo. Ekzemple, la nacia muzeo, la malnova palaco de la reĝo . . . Ĉu tio interesas vin? Mi tre interesiĝas pri historiaj lo- koj. Ĉu ni veturos per tramo aŭ per aŭtobuso? Unue per aŭtobuso, poste per tra- mo, kaj fine, bedaŭrinde, per niaj propraj piedoj! Ho, ne gravas! Mi ŝatas la marŝ- adon. Bone, fraŭlino. Mi proponas, ke poste ni veturu al la bela kamparo, kie ni povas multe promeni. Tre bone, sed en tiu okazo mi devos kunporti mantelon, ĉu ne? Jes, car vespere estos sufiĉe mal- varme . . . Kaj fine, fraŭlino, ni vi- zitos la Esperanto-klubon. Tie oni povas kanti, danci, manĝi aŭ nur babili. Ĉu vi ŝatas danci? Ho, jes, sinjoro ... mi tre ŝatas danci. Nu ... en Eŭropo ankaŭ, la ge- junuloj ŝatas danci kaj aŭskulti al tiu sving-muziko de Usono. Tre interese! Mi vidas, ke muziko ankaŭ parolas internacian lingvon! The Excursion Good day, Miss! Are you ready for the excursion? Yes, Sir. I am very happy about the excursion. Where are we going? There are many beautiful sights in our city. For example, the national museum, the old palace of the King . . . Does that interest you? I am much interested in historical places. Do we travel by tram or by autobus? Firstly by bus, afterwards by tram, and finally, unforranately, by our own feet! Oh, that does not matter! I like walking. That's fine, Miss. I suggest that later we go out to the beautiful coun- tryside, where we can walk a lot. Very well, but in that case I will have to take a coat along, won't I? Yes, because in the evening it is quite cold . . . And finally, Miss, we shall visit the Esperanto club. There one can sing, dance, eat or just talk. Do you like to dance? Oh, yes, Sir, I like to dance very much. Well ... in Europe also, the young people like to dance and lis- ten to that swing-music of the U.S. Very interesting! I see that music also speaks an international language! Proposed Amendment to the Constitution Section 2, Article VI: "The annual dues for full, active membership in the Association will be at the rate of $5.00. Associate, subscribing member- ship (non-voting) will be retained at the annual rate of $2.00. All members of EANA shall be entitled to all rights and privileges of the Association, in- cluding the receipt of its official organ, except that only active members will have the right to vote, and eligibility to the elective and appointive offices of the Association." 67 ARGUMENTO POR MIA SPEGULO Raymond Schwartz Responde al nia aŭdaca peto, Raymond Schwartz bonkore skribis: "Mi volonte aldonas ĉi kune poemon, ankofaŭ nepublikigitan, esperante, ke ĝi plaĉos al la legantoj de American Esperantist (pri kies bonega prezento kaj tie interesa enhavo mi tre varme gratulas vin!)" Mi fariĝis kvindekjara, bela ago por junulo! Por junulo kvindek ... hara, kiel mokas la spegulo ... Sed spegulatestoj pravas nur laŭ fuĝa perspektivo kaj malofte ili havas stampon de l'definitivo. Kvindekjara-kvindekhara, hodiaŭa ekvilibro estos jam bilanc erara en morgaŭa kontolibro! Sed pro kio mi rezonas pri similaj bagareloj kun spegulo, kiu konas nur la lingvon de l'marreloj ? Se vi volas argumenron, ĝin mi tiel ĉi formulas: "Ofte neĝas sur tegmenton dum inrerne fajro brulas!" Sekve sciu, mia knabo, ke mi havas ĝis nunhoro kvindek jarojn sur la kapo, sed ... nur dudek en la koro! "Ĉu estas eble, ke ni envenu . . .?" Lowicka 39a, (Mokotow), Warsaw Estimata samideano, Koran dankon pro via letero. Estas granda konsolo por ni, ke la sami- deanoj el la vasta mondo pensas pri ni. Sendube vi scias, ke mia edzo estis en la komenco de la milito malliberigita kaj elvemrigita en nekonata direkto; ĝis nun mi ne havas sciigon de li, sed mi ne ĉesas esperi, ke li revenos. H tuta familio mi restas nur kun mia filo Ludoviko kaj unu sola fratino. Ni* vivo estas malfacila, car la milito fakte ruinigis nin. Mi laboras en mia fako kiel kuracisto-optalmologo (okul-malsanoj). Ludoviko srudas duan jaron en la politeknikejo (konsrrufako). Ni ĉiam ankoraŭ estas sub la impreso de 1* kruelaj rravivajoj, kaj tiuj teruraj rememoroj paralizas nin je ĉiu paŝo. Vi skribis, ke vi intencas helpi nin. Ĉu estas eble, ke ni envenu en vian landon, ke mia filo povu kontinui pri siaj studoj, ke mi povu trovi laboron? Aren- dante senpacience vian respondon, mi sendas al vi kaj al ĉiuj amerikanaj sami- deanoj plej bonajn bondezirojn. Wanda Zamenhof (Adresu: Dr. Wanda Zaleska) Tiu letero estis sendita al J. H. Holding, Chicago. Kune kun Dr. Stefaa Zamenhof, nun loĝanta en Nov-Jorko, Amerika Esperantisto klopodas trovi helpon pri la envenigo en Usonon de Wanda kaj Ludoviko. Ĉu ne estas sami- deanoj kiuj aŭ povas plenumi dokumenton ('affidavit') aŭ povas donaci mo- non por faciligi la envenigon? 68 ESPERANTO VIVAS Radio-anoncisto kaj aktoro en la Usona Armea Radio-stacio en Frank- furt, Germanujo, estas la nuna pos- teno de Soldato D. B. Richardsoa Li partoprenis diversfoje en kunvenoj de la nove starigita Esperanto-Societo El letero de Ĉinujo ni elĉerpas: "Nun en nia lando pli kaj pli vig- liĝas nia Esperanto-movado . . . An- taŭ la novjaro, je la 15-a de Decem- bro ni okazigis Esperanto-ekspozi- cion rememore al nia Majstro. La re- zulto ankoraŭ estas bona: pli ol kvin mil personoj ĝin vizitis, kaj pli ol cent el ili — juna kaj maljuna — plenskribis niajn aliĝilojn por ele- ment-kursanoj." Tiun informon sendis S-ro Laŭlum de la Ĉengtua Esperanto- Ligo pere de S-ro Wang, kiu estis dum iom da tempo en Usono, sed kiu jam revenis al Ĉinujo. • Esperanto en la Ŝtatodomo de Ok- cidenta Virginio estas la rezulto de konstanta klopodo de Roland W. Ruff. Diversaj el la personaro nun studas Esperanton, kaj baldaŭ la In- formejo de la ŝtato eldonos novan Esperanto-broŝuron pri la historio kaj geografio de la Ŝtato. * Universala Ligo, Riouwstraat 172, Den Haag, Nederlando, la nova in- ternacia ligo kiu laboras per Espe- ranto por mond-federacio, raportas kreskantan nombron de novaj anoj. Skribu al la adreso por plena infor- mo. Estas grava klopodo por Espe- ranto, pri kio ĉiu Esperantisto devas informiĝi. Andreo Ĉe, Edmond Pri- vat, Julia Isbruecker, kaj aliaj mond- konataj Esperantistoj estras la aferon. * Etty Graeffe, Fargo, Nord-Dakoto, tre lerte kaj konstante laboras por nia afero. Inter aliaj klopodoj estis grsnda demonstracio por Esperanto en la "Camp Fire Girls Grand Coun- cil Fire" en Fargo. Kaare Mybr, Norvega Radio-Ofi- ciro dum la milito, estas tre klera Esperantisto, kiu jus revenis al la kara patrolando post longaj militaj jaroj. Dum resto en Nov-Jorko, S-ro Myhr tre bonkore laboregis pri diver- saj oficej-laboroj en la Centra Ofi- cejo. Niaj bondeziroj iras kune kun S-ro Myhr al Norvega j samideanoj. Kaj al S-ro Myhr mem, ni deziras longemeritan feliĉon hejme el la mi- litoj: "Norge, ho donu printempon por foj' kun suno sur onda rivero." • Jose Serrano, Meksikurbo, Meksiko, estas agema Esperantisto en nia naj- bara lando. Li sendis al ni grandan eltranĉaĵon el Universal (grava tag- jurnalo de Meksiko), en kiu estis presita artikolo kun bildoj pri Espe- ranto ,por UNO. S-ano Serrano forte subtenas la interligon de Esperan- tistoj en Kanado, Usono kaj Meksiko, por komuna agado. Li aldonis la de- vizon: "La frateco estas la komenco de la paco!" Ni atendas pli de lia plumo en estontaj numeroj de AE. • Esperanto-klasoj adoptas familiojn en Eŭropo. Junuloj en la klasoj de James A. Clarkson, Hopkins, S.C., kaj Pastro Enrico C. S. Molnar, Ber- keley, Kalifornio, sendas regule pa- kajojn al Esperantistaj familioj kiujn ili adoptis. Cu aliaj grupoj ne dezi- ras fari la samon? • Komitato por UNO - Kampanjo, Glenn P. Turner, Direktoro, P. O. Box 1, Madison 1, Wis., raportas provizore ke ĝi ricevis pli ol 2,500 subskribojn al la deklaracioj pri Es- peranto por UNO. La nombro kres- kas tage, kaj en sekvonta numero de AE ni presos plenan raporton de S-ro Turner. Tiu granda laboro me- ritas la subtenon de ĉiu mernbro de EANA. Preskaŭ 50 membroj jam sendis kontribuafojn al Direktoro Turner por helpi pri la elspezoj. Ni anticipas plenan raporton aŭtune. 69 ESPERANTO KRESKAS Esperanta Interlingva Asocio, 27 Aprilo, en Hotelo Nov-Jorkano, ha- vis literaturan vesperon. S-ro George E. Harvary parolis pri temo "In Me- moriam, Karinthy." S-ro Nicholas Torzs kantis hungare, angle, kaj es- perante. Estis entute vera hungara literaturo-vespero. • Nova Esperanto-Grupo estas orga- nizita en Portsmouth, N. H., post tre sukcesa klaso de F-ino Roan Orloff. S-ro Woodbury Burd, de Kittery Point, Maine, gvidas la grupon en la Esperanto-agado. • Prof. Edwin L. Clarke, Ekzamena Komitato, raportas la jenajn gajnin- tojn de Atestoj: Mabel Rankin Vic- ary, Detroit, Mich., Atesto pri Ler- nado; David At. Earl, Detroit, Mich., Atesto pri Instruado. Ni kore gratu- las la gajnintojn. • Isabel P. Snelgrove, Grand Forks, N. Dak., sendas AE-abonojn por du bibliotekoj, kaj faras tre taŭgan pro- ponon rilate al la efika uzo de Ame- rika Esperantisto. Si proponas, ke ĉiu membro abonu al du tri krom- ekzempleroj de AE por propaganda] kaj varbadaj celoj. Kiu sekvos sin per tia piano? Kiu sendos al ni lete- rojn de subteno pri la ideo, por ebla presado en AE — por ke ni komencu abon-kampanjon? • Internacia Filatelisto estas la nomo de nova, bone redaktita, mimiogra- fita gazeto eldonita en Usono. La unua numero estis Junio, 1946. Fila- telemaj samideanoj, turnu vin al la redaktisto /. H. Holding, 2647 Adams St., Chicago, Illinois. • Nicola Kaparasbeff, 838 N. Mari- posa Ave., Hollywood 27, Col., bul- gara s-ano, deziras sendi uzitajn ves- tafojn kaj ŝuojn al siaj familianoj en lia malfeliĉa patrolando. Se eble, bonvolu sendi uzitajojn al li. Kandidato por la Prezidanteco de Usono el la ŝtato Michigan en 1924 estas nun bona laboranto por Espe- ranto. Li estas Wm. G. Simpson, kiu nun loĝas en Schenectady, N.Y. • Pastro Preston Bradley, "Preĝejo de la Popolo en Ĉikago, faris radio- paroladon (WGN Ĉikago, 8-an Apri- lo) pri Esperanto. Li bazis la paro- ladon je tiu mirinda artikolo de Frank L. Gaines, en NUGGETS. Responde al promeso de Pastro Brad- ley pri pli da informo pri Esperanto, preskaŭ 300 skribis al li — kaj li sendis ilin al la Centra Oficejo. Di- versaj estas nun novaj anoj de EANA. • Nova Esperanto-Klaso por skoltoj nun funkcias regule sub la gvidado de H. Elwin Reed en Los Angeles. 15 skoltoj studas. • William A, Knox, Cirklo-Pinoj- Centro de Kooperado, Cloverdale, Mich., starigas Esperanto-klasojn por lernantoj kaj somer-loĝantoj. • Lee Nel-son, ĉina Esperantisto, kiu nun dejoras en la Oficejo pri Vetero, Denver, vizitis la Centran Oficejon antaŭ nelonge. Li informis nin, ke la Esperanto-Ligo en Ĉunkino daŭre provizis Korespondan Kurson eĉ dum la militaj jaroj. Jam pli ol 2000 ler- nantoj registris sin. Hi eldonis ankaŭ novan libron en la ĉina lingvo kun la titolo "Biografio de D-ro Zamen- hof." • Entuziasma grupo de pli ol 16 ler- nantoj de Esperanto kunvenas lunde vespere en la Publika Biblioteko ea Long Beach, Kal. Charles H. Briggs, fervora samideano de multaj jaroj gvidas la grupon. Multaj el la mem- broj jam aliĝis al EANA. • Marion S. Alderton, Palo Alto, Kal, sendis proponon por U.N.-stan- dardo, kiu konsistas el verda flago kun la vortoj: "Paco Inter Nacioj." 70 ESPERANTO FLORAS Pastro J. B. Kao. O.F.M., la emi- nenta ĉina Esperantisto, enŝipiĝis en San Francisco la 12an de Aprilo, unu tagon post lia 40a naskotago, en uso- na truptransportilo, "General Breck- enridge," iranta al Shanghai. Pastro Kao reiras hejmen post lojara foresto en Eŭropo, Usono, Suda kaj Centra Ameriko. Cie li sukcese laboris por Esperanto. * La Brazila Poŝta Administracio, el- doninte belan serion de poŝtmarkoj sub la titolo "Serio de la Venko," dissendis specialan folion enhavantan faksimilon de la poŝtmarkoj kaj kla- rigan tekston en portugala, angla, franca, itala, hispana, ĉina, rusa kaj Esperanta lingvoj. La Esperanto-tra- dukon faris la Prezidanto de la Bra- zila Ligo Esperantista, S-ro A. Couto Fernandes. La ĉinan tradukon faris famkonata ĉina Esperantisto, Pastro J. B. Kao. • La Eduka Direktoro de grava la- boris ta sindikato 1LGWU (Interna- tional Ladies Garment Workers Un- ion, Internacia Unuiĝo de Laboristoj pri Virinvestoj), S-ro Mark Starr, est is la untia parolanto en demon- stracia kunveno pri Esperanto, kiu okazis 20an de Majo en la Kunve- nejo de la Societo de Amikoj (Kva- keroj) je la 20-a Strato en New York. La redaktisto de AE, G. Alan Connor, faris la ĉefparoladon pri Esperanto, Doris T. Connor donis Ĉe - metodan demonstracion. Efikan ekspozicion organizis S-ro Donald Stephens. • Generalo Julio Mangada, fama his- pana pioniro de Esperanto, mortis 14- an de aprilo, en Meksiko. La novajo jus alvenis de Francisco Azorin, pere de S-ano Floreal Conchado. Spaco man- kas en ĉi tiu numero por doni taŭgan nekrologon pri Generalo Mangada, sed ni intencas presi artikolon en estonta numero de AE. D-ro Frederik Jozef Belinfante, de Leiden, Holando, venos al Nov-Jorko en Julio, survoje al nova hejmo en Vancouver, B.C., kie lie instruos en kolegio. • Kiu est as Kiu, eldonita de F. A. Post, "Espero," Route 5, Little Rock, Arkansas, estos plibonigita kaj repre- sita, laŭ informo de Kapitano Post. Li bonvenas sugestojn, indajn adre- sojn, demandojn, ktp, por la nova eldono. Samletere venis novajo pri vigla propagando por Esperanto per Little Rock Esperanto Rondo. Lasta- tempe ili aranĝis publikan kunvenon kun la tcmo Esperanto kaj UNO. • Esperanto - Societo de Nov - Jorko, kondukis bonan kunvenon en Hotelo Nov-Jorkano. 4-an Majo, kaj elektis novan prezidanton, S-ro John L. Le- wine. Raportita de la nova sekretario, S-ino Laura S. Lomo. * Prof. Dott. Giorgio Canute, Uni- versitato de Parmo, Italio, skribis al Lehman Wendell: "Mi kaptas la okazon sciigi al vi kiel samideano, ke post la liberigo, la esperanta afero ŝajnas multe revigliĝi ĉe ni. Multaj grupoj estas fonditaj en diversaj ur- boj, kaj ĉie oni faras prelegojn pri Esperanto, kaj oni komencis kursojn. En mia urbo mi faris prelegon ĉe la universitato. kun ĉeesto de mul- taj profesoroj kaj studentoj, kaj bal- daŭ mi komencos Esperanto-kurson en mia Instituto por kuracistoj." • "Our Times," 400 South Front St., Columbus 15, Ohio, estas semajna jurnalo kiu publikigas la nova] on por lernantoj en la lernejoj de la tuta lando. En la numero, 27-31 Majo 1946, troviĝas granda artikolo pri Esperanto, de S-ano Preston Davis. Eltvyn C. Pollock informas nin, ke la libro-servo kiun li estras, Es- peranto-Libro-Servo de Usono, havas novan adreson: Fallbrook, Cal, DEZIRAS KORESPONDI Usono, S-ro Iver Svarsrad, Villa Annex, 800 E. Ocean, Long Beach, Calif. Dez. kor. Usono. S-ro Howard E. Latham, Box 75, Caledonia, N.Y. Dez. kor. Usono. S-ino Melvin Helmer, 1337 3rd Ave. N., Fargo, N. Dak. Naski- ĝis en Norvegujo, nun Usonanino, dez. kor. kun la tuta mondo. ĉekoslovakio. Otto Melich, Stefa- nikova 51, Zilina, Juna Esp. skol- to, dez. kor. kaj inters. PM. Siamo. Adriaan Smits, Eur. Brig. 95504, Nakorn Patom. 25-jara sol- dato en Nederlanda Hindu) a Armeo, eksmilitkaptito de la Japanoj, dez. kor. Skribu aerpoŝte. Svedujo. S-ro Paul Isacsson, Frid- hem, Algaras, filatelisto, dez. inters. PM, il PK, gazetojn. Svedujo. S - ro Arvid Pettersson, Karlslundsgatan 6, Skovde. Dez. kor., inters. PM, kor pri amatorbotaniko kun ĉiuj landoj. Certe respondos. Nederlando. S-ro Dirk van Ryn, Spaarnwouderweg 843, Vyfhuizen, dez. kor. kun Usonanoj. Danujo. Per Hansen, 20 Reseda- vej, Gentofte. 15-jara skolto dez. kor. kun skoltoj kaj inters. PM. Cinujo. S-ro Fu Sien-Pei, Chengtu Poŝtoficejo, Szechwan, Poŝtoficisto dez. kor. kun geesperantistoj en Uso- no kaj inters, spertojn pri rusa, angla kaj ĉina lingvoj. Ĉekoslovakio. F-ino Vera Tlapako- va, Praha VII, Tusarova 36. 20-jara, serĉas simpatiajn korespondantojn. Francujo. Marcel Lenoble, 52 Ave. Edouard Vaillant, Pre Saint-Gervais, Seine. Dez. kor. kun Usona teknisto, desegnisto, en mekanika industrio. Nederlando. S-ro J. Hubregtse 24j; 123 v. Goghstraat, Den Haag. Dez. kor. kun geusonanoj, precipe pri transŝanĝiĝo de elementoj. Ĉekoslovakio. S-ro Ptaĉek, Kostel- ni 802, Praha-XIV-Michle. Farmacia smdento en Karlova Universitato dez. kor. kun amerikanoj. Nederlando. Katolika Esperanto - Unuiĝo en Hago, Sekr. K. J. Ver- nooij, Vlierboomstraat 234, Den Haag, okazigos sian unuan postmi- litan letervesperon en Septembro 1946, petas leterojn, poŝtkartojn ktp, el ĉiuj mondpartoj. Certe respondos. Rumanujo. F-ino Gigi Harabagiu, privata oficistino, Str. Ahena 1, Bu- curesti. Islando. S-ro D. S. Magnusson, Bergsfadastraeti 30-B, Reykjavik. Jugoslavujo. S-ro Ljudevit Nego- vetiĉ, Kralja Tvrtka ul. br. 1, -IV, Sarajevo. Finlando. S-ro Viljo Punni, Stora Langgat 60, Vasa, 28-jara. Islando. S-ro Borge Lemming, Lau- garaŝi, Biskupsmnga, inters. PM. Hispanujo. S-ro J. M. Ventura Cor- tes, Arrabal de S. Antonio 124, Vails, Tarragona. Polujo. S-ro Isaj Drarwer, Szeroka 5, Warszawa-Praga, kor. Egiptujo.. S-ro Muris Metri, c/o P.K. 450, Cairo, inters. P.M. Finlando. Vaino Makila, Laihas- maki 14, Turku 9. Dez. inters, il PK aŭ leterojn. Ĉinujo. S-ro Hianĉun Ŝ, No. 45 Zheng Strato, ŝlo, Kuangsi. Nova Esperantisto dez. kor. Tre dez. Gregg kaj Pitman Shorthand librojn. Nederlando. Nekatolikoj dezirantaj informojn pri la dogmoj kaj prakti- koj de la katolika Eklezio povas ri- cevi ilin senpage de la Sekretario de Internacia Katolika Informejo, Fr. M. Monulfus, Loonopzand, Nederlando. Francujo. Bernard Robert, 9 Blvd. Voltaire, Dijon (Cote-d'Or), dez. uso- na kor. por si mem (20-j. katolika seminariano) kaj por amiko 19-j- Angolo (Afriko Portugala). Aŭ- gusto Pedroso das Neves, fraŭlo, 25- j, kontoristo de Kompanio de Dia- mantoj de Angolo, Dundo, Angola Aŭstrujo. Gesamideanoj dez. kor. kun usonanoj; skribu per Franz Foe- tinger, Kaserngasse 7, Salzburg. 72 ESPERANTO BOOKS ESPERANTO HOME STUDENT, James Robbie. Beginner's text for class or self-instruction. 64 pp. (war-time edition) .............................25c PRACTICAL GRAMMAR OF ESPERANTO, Dr. Ivy KeUerman-Reed. More complete beginner's text. 142 pp. (war-time edition) .....................75c STEP BY STEP IN ESPERANTO, M. C. Butler. Excellent simple text with in- struction and numerous exercises. 244 pp............... Paper, .80c; Cloth, $1.25 PRACTICAL ESPERANTO, Dr. Wm. S. Benson. Unique picture-method with 650 illustrations, English text, and Vocabulary. 80 pp......................25c UNIVERSALA ESPERANTO-METODO, Dr. Wm. S. Benson. "The only book of its kind in the world". 11,000 pictures. Pronunciation of Esperanto alphabet and tables of correlatives in 36 languages. Direct picture-method of instruction and definition. Complete textbook, reader, dictionary (fully illustrated with common words given in 40 languages), and index. A unique and encyclopedic book. 560 pp. .......................... cloth bound, stamped in gold $4.00 ESPERANTO, G. Alan Connor & Doris T. Connor. (World Language Series, edited by Prof. Mario A. Pei). A practical introduction to Esperanto, and systematic phrase-book. 32 pp..........................................65c LANGUAGES FOR WAR AND PEACE, Mario A. Pei, Ph.D. Guide to languages of entire world, inch Esperanto (see above). 663 pp.................cloth $5.00 ESPERANTO KEY (English). Esperanto in miniature. •• .10c; 3 for .20c; 10 for .50c 10-in-l DICTIONARY OF BASIC LANGUAGE, French, German, Spanish, Ital- ian, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Portuguese, Esperanto, 10 languages, including Esperanto, in a nutshell. 110 pp. .......... Paper .50c; Cloth $1.50 EDINBURGH DICTIONARY, Eng-Esp and Esp-Eng, 288 pp, best concise diet.. - $1.00 AMERICAN POCKET DICTIONARY, Carl Froding. Esp-Eng & Eng-Esp. Be- ginner's pocket companion. 80 pp. (war-time edition) .....................30c MILLIDGE ESPERANTO-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 1942 edition. 490 pp. Cloth $3.50 KARLO, Edmond Privat. Easy first-reader in Esperanto. 44 pp................30c ESPERANTISMO, I. Gomes Braga. Miscellaneous articles about Esperanto move- ment, in easy excellent Esperanto. Recommended for individual, class, or club reading practice. 32 pp....................................15c, 10 for $1.00 ESPERANTO-SORTIMENTO: Ginevra, Privat; Princo Vane', Putnam-Bates; Blanche, Payson; Miserere kaj Thais, Payson; La Rozajo Ĉiumiljara, Payson; La Akrobato de Nia Sinjorino, Payson. Good Esperanto reading at bargain prices to reduce stocks .......................................25c each; all 6 for $1.00 SEP VANGOFRAPOJ, Karlo Aszlanyi. Most recent novel of the "Epoko Series". Translated from the Hungarian. 145 pp.................................75c LA SANKTA BIBLIO en Esperanto. Complete old and new testaments.......... $2.00 LA F1NO, by Count Bernadotte, world best-seller, popular edition, paper........ $1.00 JUNECO KAJ AMO (Legendo el Venecio), Edw. S. Payson...........Cloth .50c THE LANGUAGE PROBLEM, Its History and Solution, E. D. Durrant. Highly recommended, complete treatise, with index. 168 pp................. Cloth $1.50 "LA ESPERO" & "LA VOJO." Two separate Esperanto songs, with words and music for piano............................................ Both for .25c INDIAN BEAD STARS. White background with green star in center .......... .65c YOtJR MEMBERSHIP IN E. A. N. A. WT1VL BE APPRECIATED Membership, with "American Esperantist," $2.00 per year. Sustaining Mem- ber, annually, $5.00. Patron Member, annually, $10.00. Life Member, one pay- ment, $100.00. AH memberships include "American Esperantist." Your mem- bership in one of the higtter bracKets will greany aid m the promotion «■ Esperanto in North America. Send your membership dues to: ESPERANTO ASSOCIATION OF NORTH AMERICA 114 W. 16 St., New York 11, N. V U. S. Military Academy, West Point. I chanced upon the American Esperantist magazine while browsing in the Post library. At first the cause of Esperanto interested me only as a student of lan- guages. However, as I perused further, my interest be- came that of a man who, like most men, wishes for peace in which to rear his children, and despises war as a professional soldier who studies the disgusting business of destruction. The nations of this globe are now being held together — and not without friction — by a large and imposing new chain, the U.N. But — some of the links in this impressive chain were forged of weak material — sus- picion, fear, and revenge. These links must and will, I believe, be repaired. Then too, there are a number of small but sinewy threads helping to bind the fretting nations together. Such are the International Red Cross, the Catholic Church, Protestant Churches, the Boy Scouts of the World, lodges, artisans' organizations, and others. These unimposing bonds are able to withstand many of the stresses put upon them by the writhing world be- cause tiiey are woven of permanent stuff — compas- sion for fellow mortals, religion, love of arts or litera- ture, love of life. I believe that Esperanto fits this classification. It is one of those small ties between nations which must help to hold them together while the weak links in the greater bond, the U.N., are being reinforced. Based on a desire to understand and converse with all men on an equal plane, it is a strong bond. I hope it can be further strengthened by vigorous and intelligent pro- motion. — DANIEL O. GRAHAM (Cadet, United States IvElitary Academy). H. G. Publishing Co.