w. TREADWeu. Volume 3 A A A A A AAA ^.t/-o CALIFORNIA.» May 1908 »*" franc.sco. CALA,umber 4 I I * ~*~*~+~*~*~*~*~*^*~*^*JŜJŜ^ AMERIK ESPERANTISTO A MONTHLY MAGAZINE OF THE INTERNATIONAL AUXILIARY LANGUAGE W. a. T«*Dweu jkAR «BO •«•»»»•-— FBANCISCO. CALIFORNIA. ESPERANTO IN THIS NUMBER: GRAMMAR VOCABULARY ELEMENTS OF THE LANGUAGE TEN CENTS A COPY DOLLAR A YEAR AMERICAN ESPERANTIST COMPANY 186 FORTIETH STREET CHICAGO I * i m w. I. TREADWELfr F*B FRANCISCO. CALIFORNIA. Digitized by Google $1.50 COMBINATION This Magazine, Price per Year $1.00 The American Esperanto Book $1.00 BOTH IN COMBINATION AT $1.50 The Book In Club* of Five or More, .80 Bach. The Combination, Five or More, at 91.20 The edition sold in our $1.50 Combination is printed on heavy book paper, English finish, and strongly bound in green cloth of extra grade. The contents of this book were prepared expressly for the American student. It is the best-printed, best-bound, most com- plete Esperanto text-book. Contains all the Zamenhof Exercises, translated with commentary and full word-list. 327 Pages. The American Esperanto Book is endorsed by such men as R. H. Geog- hegan, the first English-speaking Esperantist, Benedict Papot, professor of modern languages in Normal Department, Chicago Public Schools, many societies, and thousands of individuals. NOTE.—For some years Dr. Zamenhof was able to examine all Esperanto books, and many were published with his official approval. Over two years aao, however, he was compelled to abandon this work, so that many of the best, and all the latest books, are NOT "Aprubita dk Zamenhof". $l-DOLLAR OFFER One Copy of the Book, Premium Edition FREE WITH EACH YEARLY SUBSCRIPTION AT ONE DOLLAR, OR 80c IN CLUBS OF FIVE See illustration and description on third cover page. Printed from same plates as regular edition, omitting seven unimportant pages of extra matter. Thin bible paper, narrow margins, weight four oz. Sewed, opens flat; 320 pages. Easily carried in purse or pocket for study on cars, at lunch, etc. Many prefer it to the cloth edition. AGENTS AND ORGANIZERS Can earn liberal commissions by handling our publications. We sell to them at cost to promote propaganda work. Our best offer is for those ONLY who will devote their entire time and energy to the work. We have different terms for "spare time" agents. AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO 186 FORTIETH STREET ■& T-T CHICAGO Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO WITH WHICH IS COMBINED THE AMERICAN ESPERANTO JOURNAL Entered as Second-Class Matter October l. 1007. at the Post Office at Chicauo. Illinois, under Act of March 3rd. 1879 Monata Revuo de la Lingvo Internacia A Monthly Magazine of the International Language Redaktoro kaj Administranto ARTHUR BAKER Editor and Manager ABONOJ Unn nnmero, ScL 20; jarabono, Sm. 2.05. Ni ne disdonacas provajn ekzemplerojn, sed postulas, ke da, kin mendas ekzempleron. por kia ajn celo, pagn por tiu sama. Eksterlandanoj povas aendi aŭ internaciajn kuponojn aŭ naciajn poŝt- markojn por provaj a bono j. TARIFO DE REKLAMADO Proporcie al disvendado, niaj prezoj estas la plej malkaraj el Ĉiuj revuoj esperantaj. Largo de kolonoj. 63 mmj ; longo, 204 mm). Plena pago. Sm. 20.50; duonpago. Sm. 10.25 ; kvaronpago. Sm. 5.15 ; malpli ol kvarono, po 7 spesdekoj fiiun metromilonon. MANUSKRIPTOJ pri ia ajn temo, estas danke ricevataj kaj zorge legataj. Tiujn. kiujn ni ne povas uzi, ni Ĉiam resendos, se oni kunmetis poStmarkojn. SUBSCRIPTIONS Single number, ten cents; annual subscrip- tion. $1.00. We do not distribute free sample copies, but require that every person who orders a copy, for whatever purpose, shall pay for it. For sample copies, foreigners may send interna- tional coupons or national postage stamps. ADVERTISING RATES In profortion to circulation, our rates are the lowest of all Esperanto magazines. Width of column, 2 1-2 inches; length. 8 inches. Full page, $10.00; half page. $5.00; quarter, $2.50; less than quarter, basis 6 cents per agate line—14 lines to the inch, MANUSCRIPTS on any subject are gratefully received and care- fully read. Those which we cannot use we shall always return, when accompanied by postage. AMERIKA ESPERANTISTA KOMPANIO CHICAGO My Dear Readers: A little magazine can become a big magazine by securing enough subscribers. Every added sub- scription reduces the proportionate cost of added pages, though increasing the total cost of adding a page. We should be disappointed if our readers were content with any but the biggest and best of all Esperanto magazines. But there is rank unreason- in thinking that the way to reach that result is by withholding your co-operation until you are suited. Bless your soul, I have never been satisfied with a single number. few pages and a few new fea- want to add a dozen features Write us what you'd like to force behind your suggestion by sending in the subscriptions of your friends. The very dollar YOU send may turn the scale and enable us to inaugurate the feature YOU want. Yours truly, We are adding a tures this month. We and a hundred pages. see added next. Put Digitized by Google \ ^A*A^AZ -}A-^^^J( a/^— -»■—>- Digitized by Google Alphabet and Pronunciation of Esperanto THE ALPHABET consists of twenty-eight letters : abcĉdefg ghĥijĵklmnoprsfituŭ v z. The sounds are as follows : a is like a in father. C is like Is in hats. C is like eh in church. e is like a in fate, but not so long. It may be best described to an American as long a shortened, or short e (as in met) lengthened. Since none' of the other vowels resembles it. one may pronounce it long, medium or short, with not the slightest danger of being misunderstood. g is like g in get. ĝ is like g in ,gem, or / in joy. h is like ch in loch—a strong, guttural aspirate, sounded hi/. Found in very few words. i is like ee in see. j is likey in yet, yarn, boy, ay. Ĵ is like z in seizure. O is like o in rail. s is like s in so. 9 is like sh in show. u is like oo in soon (oo, not yoo). ŭ is like w in how and is used only in aŭ, pronounced ou\ and eŭ. pronounced thiu. z is likez in zone, seize, r is slightly rolled or trilled. The remaining letters are pronounced exactly as in English : b d f h k 1 m n p t v. oj is like oy in bay. ojn is like oin in ca/>/. aj is like y in my, sky, try. ajn is like ine in shine. ej is like ay in pay, hay. uj is pronounced ooy—one syllable. ujn is pronounced ooyn—one syllable. PRONUNCIATION—Every word is pronounced exactly as spelled, and no letter is ever silent. The Accent, stress or emphasis is placed on the syllable next to the last: BA'lo; ne-HE'la; di-li-GEN'ta. Every vowel (a, e, i, o, u) adds a syllable : zo-o-lo-gi-o ; tre-eg-e. Grammar of Esperanto in Plain Language ARTICLE.—Esperanto has no word for a. Domo means a house; viro, a man, etc. The word for the is la : La domo, the house; la viro, the man. NOUNS are names of the things of which we speak. They are formed by- adding 'o to the root: am'o, lore ; ag'o, an act; bonec'o, goodness; dom o, house. PLURAL.—When more than one is spoken of, we add 'j : kat'o'j, cats. , VERBS are words expressing action. If the action is now occurring, the sign is 'as ; if past, 'is ; if future, 'os : am'as, does love; am'is, did love; am'os, will love. The form of the verb is not changed for a plural noun. Conditional action is expressed by 'us: (se)....am'us, (if).....should love. Imperative action, indicating com- mand, desire or purpose, is expressed by 'u: Am'u min \=Love met Infinitive or indefinite action is ex- pressed by 'i: am'i, to love; est'i, to he. ADJECTIVES are words which ex- press quality. They are formed by the addition of 'a io the root: am'a, loving, affectionate; grand'a, large; bon'a, good. An adjective usually belongs to a noun, and if the noun has the plural sign, 'j, the adjective also takes it: bel'a'j bir- d o j, beautiful birds. ADVERBS usually express manner, and are formed by adding 'e to the root: am'e, lovingly; rapid'e, rapidly. Not all adverbs end in 'e; see "Primary Adverbs," American Esperanto Book. FINAL 'N.—When a verb requires an object to complete its sense, this object on which the force of the verb falls, has the final 'n : Li mortigis la kato'n= He killed the cat. The 'n is also used to indicate motion toward: Johano iras hejmo n—John is going homei ward). If the noun is plural, the 'n follows the 'j. An adjective belonging to the 'n noun also takes the 'n : rug'a'j'n pom'o'j'n. PRONOUNS are words which are used instead of nouns. The personal pronouns are : Mi /, vi you, li he. Si she, ĝi /'/, ni we, ili they, oni "one," "they," Digitized by Google "a person"; si 'self ox 'selves, can refer only to a third person; that is, not to the speaker or listener, but to some other. POSSESSION in pronouns, shown by my, your, liis, etc., is indicated by the adjective sign 'a : mi'a, vi'a, li'a, etc. When the noun to which they are related is plural, the possessive pronouns take the plural sign, and if the noun is singu- lar, the pronoun is also singular, even though it refers to more than one person : li'a'j libroj, his hooks; ili'a libro, their book. Possessive Nouns, such as John's, Mary's, father's, are rendered in Esper- anto by the word de {of): La libro de Johano=/c/i«'ĵ book. THE PARTICIPLE is a word that always implies action, and thus resem- bles the verb. Its signs are: present action, 'ant'; past, 'int'; future, 'ont'. By its ending, it takes the form of a noun, adverb or adjective. In the noun form, it represents the person performing the act: la kant'ant'o, the person 10/10 is singing. In the adjective form, it shows the quality of being in action: kant'ant'a birdo, a singing bird. In the adver- bial form, the participle shows the fact of the action, but does not directly con- nect act and actor: Kant'int'e, la birdo ŬMgis=jYaving sung, the bird Jlcw. The Passive Participle expresses the action as being received. Its forms are 'at', 'it' and 'ot'. The verb EST'I {to be) is used with the participles as follows : estas am anta—'ata, is loving—loved. estis am anta—'ata, was loving— loved. estos am'anta—'ata, will be loving—■ loved. estis am'inta—'ita, had been loving— loved. estis am'onta—'ota, was about to love—be loved, etc., etc., etc. (For complete explanations and examples of the various shades of meaning reached by participles see The American Flsperanto Book). THE NUMERALS areunu i,du2, tri 3, kvar 4, kvin 5, ses 6, sep 7, ok 8, naŭ o, dek 10, cent 100, mil 1000. The units are expressed by placing the lower number after the higher : dek du, twelve, dek tri thirteen, etc. The tens and hundreds are formed by placing the lower number before the higher : du'dek, twenty, kvin'dek fifty, etc. Ordinals have the sign 'a : unu'a, du'a, tri'a=frst, second, third. Fractionals have the sign 'on': du'on'o, ok'on'o=one-half, one-eighth. Multiples have the sign 'obi': du- obl'a, tri'obl'e=t/W'// or quick to learn; mallernemulo, a dullard, dunce; and many more. From the root SAF' we have Ŝafo, a sheep; Ŝafisto, shepherd; Safino, ewe; Ŝafido, a lamb; safidino, a ewe lamb; Safaro, flock ; Ŝafaĵo, mutton; Ŝafidaĵo, "lamb mutton." The inherent lameness of English is well illustrated by comparison here. While it has veal to signify the flesh of a calf, it must resort to more or less awkward and ambiguous forms to designate the flesh of a lamb, pig, colt, fawn; and where Esperanto has the precise term kokidaĵo, English has the meaningless platitude, spring chicken/ A A I. i.l adj. abaf abbot •W hoe •Jar fir [(journal) •Jam' eubecribr ' mai 35 'buy mmftL duration. ' admire l' admonish msW adore adutf to commit ■jar' air [adultery atnbT affable. 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' baptise bar. obstruct batar figh batT bed (g barV beard bartotr barber keg, barrel coat tail I' stick bar bent fight (garden) pity, re- basf beak [gret bar beautiful, fine ban' Mess bank- bench bar' berry batT beast, animal birch (tree) f need, want itato i'goods, i bind (books) bird white cry (of beasts) r-blind fair (of hair) Mar blow bltf bhie [riage bt'd. relat. by mar- baat boat bat- bark (dog's) bsg boil (intr.j ban' good bar1 bore (tr.) barer shore, bank baretar' border hem barb bourse, ex- i boot [change ntle bottl bob ox --------bream bran** branch Mast* brandy (prod, of still) bnulk cabbage brat shelf brta" bridle brtr brick brtr shine (intr.) bract embroider tartar* scald hrob brush bft/ noise brut bum (intr.) brissj* brown . chest,breast _ brute, cattle ' lad, urchin ' slaughter toad t ringlet, curl clod, ball i bulb, onion r roll (bread) t drone (ins.) burgV citizen __.. bud bits' mouth butab butter bhttJk' shop I' button aabsa/ oaFal to yield aim, object oanaT cent (coin) oatlt hundred COvsV brain, mind oart/ certain, sure oarv* deer [ing OWtsr' rest, remain- Oifar' cypher, nu- esayaKcuzarfmernl OjsrsujsMT cigarette otfrn swan oUssffsr stork esWbug ~* ash, cinder circular off cite, mention ortrnn' lemon OOT inch A C tmpmi %ntnt\sx.) ixpre.•> n f weight or mee- ■ lire: dehe' dance SM dandy , mmtUf deafer dans' dunk r date (time) W endure, ta*t — of. from, with pee*, part, by tfiv becomin, IIOHI>l' Dec'ta daofcT decide (tr.. deenV decypher ~ dedicate r defend thaw be on duty dan'cock (of a (run) tv -"&, ._, chapter oar for, because 'an' charla- charm [tan ' hinge —f carpentry hunt, chase __.' chaste &__ at, with chief mf shirt chain ». **!«/ draw (from . any source) dwa cease, dewst AavaT horse old. proximity: tie there, tie ti here Ala every (kind) AkMI always Maeverywhere(ner Aba) in every nvan- Ahar heaven, sky £1 everybedy's crumpte.ciss.se sy* rag mm~\w\> chicanery everything, all m all of it [out bbA round, ab- each. every one j.' chisel, carw AT d. ITIAV. a fleet. diminutives U whether: asks aqucstki.s B is wsed instead of ctr after word* 2ft ■lope right itdinntf ■k wl be delirious ..-' ask dense, dose toojh ounce oth den.ni the fju .. dn) the.. the) fllSM ii' design owtaF detail Cietrvi destroy mnW mUSt, tUvig; 'device, motto '(the)deskwt Sjwxtr' dWira, wish Or God dehr.uchery to damage tt differ wtfHl' define, dee- dtg- dike (tine mk thick, stout dictate diligent _ Sunday Bbr* say, tell aXrakt direct, steer daTd. separ ----------ir discount i' dispose „__' dispute dartlnsr-di-tinguish taatr distract abvan'd i v ine. guess divers' various, di- (ttvttf divide [verse •)• then,according- dOftV sweet [Tv Molir' pain, ache OwaV house (ittsa)pity give [sent make pre- coddle sleep i' thorn ' (the) back dowry 1 woolsn cloth CMS* thrash train (anim.) ' drink (in ex- dreg/ drug [ream drtm' drown, «ink du two nstbduka [whibt- dnm'during, while. dHng'hirpfservmnt) dt.ot adv. ekan'even, smooth abriLposaibility te/d. abat. iden. aA even (adv.) •snr edify afaY have eg** d. irvrreaae afar equal afr echo Of d, place allot- ted to Oir d. sudden or beginning act eats' ex- (Who hne ____UoJeh atodarexist [mong tŝ out of, from a- •Want ekphaat «HUT chooa. d. propensity —«" puzzle l' ambush i'puzxle(takc ssru' b; wearied mt%t envy mf d. unit •rarernvr, tnisuke 'hedgrhog hermit harrow eafcadr' aquadroa aagegf* hope IaplsY explore aaaawaT express aar be (mb eiut.) «af ««aad (tr.) ' I etmml ahoid pSeffah) F taaa fakaf tale, »tory fa*r f.bu (Bkrir (ectocy " "'" & turn tod falk felmn faaV fabtfy faat' ftme,nm..i faatAT (amj, far Av make faiatef phjtjni Mewtaacoa leaae farrbe.wellarua- ranea' fieaer (wdl) MS* haaedle fatC feat (re.) fa*Y jawe. (tifh/ faeae mtpoatr -a-t-aercbrwexT Iw leas, aaowaent ferae fkirv far hkhkBeeee faW happy, lucky feir frit fie.....' thiah fea£aelit,nnt(tr.) farkak- dackMap) fa-r fcatital ggtbjH' extinguish chief aenffced gf d. diminution house) to faf to raly uwoa War faitaM fw son 0») nfiMi Ktr.) Digitized by Google MT mm (the Ahead [eh* «Ten* Mftte Mr lab Of not «I» stir* KM SffiE M led. tenet Mf fame, «art WW IptMj, KMJttt Wlw^LWtawMy STtr- •wfitiwt.hanace Mr urraeth Mrmaj (to MTa> mtk, ihiatita Jaf brother MTbadMk. WW hwrifa WWWfmity.lltMX WfcrA.Mfw MM* nfVM Ml'draw (hair) IraTrab Sft- MTfcNkal MM raoMi SIS. «ttedTmbeer-ettne Mf piM MjTfknra [tee MfJff eaamo- IMVahattl attack nrfr^rJ (jrte grpfnntu.far- MgjjwM RTtoStoSr ItartrOw Mf/Mr* s£tr Mr«^-y« W Mania (vb.) M**s«, wS~L «Mr tat SrBaT£top«Kfl Bl*<*faJM(taaaet) farrr (ffitr.) Mcwf"inherit riruar leech Tlbirdi aaaaiaT .wallow MraajTclcck.w'idi MetFeecred beat aarkax Mmtf bumMr Mmtcf hinwour. kteaf doctteetocr ,ch.-wr I t. of itduuoVe M none, (any) kind M tor «™ (any) • Mecca» (any) irtiw, tntr, otaĉv If d. d.ittadoi Mr/ ktaa Maoa Mr part part. act. MtarShtoaa MMr b«lw«««. Mtncnf adna meat; mvrte Maome.eurytbhey PM a Ihtta eome. If eo (rather MZaaatbaaaa hM what land of MM why, whara- aaawU [for. Mawhrra ImWTouw*. aajaad [irrdaorh Inulaoar chawa hMMTcan Jit-tar: toh» Ma what (thine) tdnm how much Mf kha which (ma.) Maf ctaaa. aort MM? hay (piano) kkf educated MM head, incline &affi.* atcecline; addition», Meat crowa f jua/. pitcher araf lr» May/ weep raaacT elbow Iteatf aaw 'a cap kar*' broad, .wide lactam- tarynv. KM** Mar tarn, tateet Md acccwdiiur to jetdf yroea arbour keftr iouTaloud Mf waah Mf leather afrwa tatreMvapatablt lark HO, freckle hat/ taw Mf Kck aaaaf hara aarf leant BMaKĵce kef lift, raiaa «he. hiat ~ 'free book Mf auud(thaauh> nit [itana aWSaa Wh (Seed [alphabet) ■Mf letter (of the MM'aupply.dcaver fat/ tolorkre, are Mf draw lota M real Mf play Mlulm4eep (ae jMlirhfutU toon Monday aaaV baaawrraft aawf eea-ruU aaaf noddle se ___to threaten ■Mf abortTifht ■MmT foqretHnr- ■If wonder [not mVetery needer" numerate martf ntouotnta habit, ttaaftt bite MMymt ttMitor- naarf din (row MMMf mortar matt reneral title fie nf «aaa>- 'e, your ntnjenty. wro: mar/• your move (tr.) 3 mill toroar,(wind mueue [cbc, MM? much, many ' waU hratf chandelier krr aolder hrawlf clerk (tee -raw*/ chant of dm' to .._• (n Inet) tmawMcw anutw altho'gh trvawT quantity Mwr four (town) kawrtn/ quarteKof nwnrf oak kaaaf calm I fiva muacle _ J .mustard dumb N ■ a of direct obj. ------" nation awim af naif hbour nail (fair —„_rtfral' nurntin- ntajf turnip -ftthf eive birth. m**ktf be born, aeahtf bctfet wad nine ■tebf toaackea M no, not tin toe Mfeaf labour Ma' weary, tited MaarT Uaani tad lam (boot) Mf tin plate Mf lava Mn/lnke Mf vnmiah MM/lachry MMTIna, dtnnrhon MMT milk MM lame tanaf tamp Mf wool tannTland. country tarajr tongue inwtm n" lantern wuvuf down, duff maM piece of tur. ■m* wick r" [niture M* hadear aaaaaajf turkey - - >hf milk(vk) aetf, atrlvee f member f iitemtwy 'ocrbtrfanudsl tf teiTa lie day trit {, Wrdi Digitized by Mf aaow (nor aah ink rantber- MttMnokindof MM nohow no one'a notabit nobody Mf rraadaon M we. ua Mff Mack nJaaT level (dim. Wf d. fern, effect. nakar nobleman Mir nob» went nbrht Mf name nawCbf number nerff north nm/ new (bar ■llllllkf Novem- Ml wrlll eaawaf ahade. hue muV cloud Mf naked MM nape of nock aatkf aut ((No.) nor only (adv.) Google o • c. of nouns •be <»bey [jert abjahf thing, oh- «*r ,.f^id. 3« off twofold •be tin obstinate •-JOT-' odour, smell •ftmd offend •fa*' to offer (as sacrifice.gift,Ac.) 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I' amber \ have suc> sugar (cess ______ sulphur avssf wrinkle •utf sun ayp/ soup super over, above super/ suppose tupr upvv;r (adj.) •ur upon, on aunt' deaf aurtut' overcoat •vat'arrange mat- rimony •van to swoon ■vtflg/ swing (tr.) aaf sheep eajrf seem ■SUV chess ianoet shake (tr.) imtnf change (tr.) •arg/ load (a gun) tlnV load, burden 4*1 to prize, like •sum foam, spray laf «hell, peel, rind •elk brace (trous.) sere' joke It she, her llkf shield •tiff get mouldy slnoT shingle Sink' ham sip/ ship sir' tear, rend ilrm' shelter •Urn' mud sloe' lock, fasten amao' hearty kiss sml t % men r, a noi n t •nur* string sov push forward sovaf shovel Bpsy/ be sparing Spin «pin sprue sprinkle however tapestry carpet cup (tea) -T befit for tawwr layer t«/tea tad' tedious tag/ rover (furni- ture, Ac.) tagtwailt: root tabaf weave plate tunc ((anal temple tan' hold, grasp tansf tent tent/ tempt, try tsf earth tarn' sneeze tars*/ terror tsetSKf tortoise tab/ grouse tax tuch ■ ttaJ therefore ttaJSl then tie there tM thus, so WW tickle Ur lime-tree tbtf le*T One' moth (c* tbrf dink of gUss- tjathat (thing) tiant to much tar* draw, pull tttoT title tfaj that taf linen tatar* tolerate tomb, grave clip, shear ' thunder tarsf wind, twist tart* peat tarn' turn (lathe) •Mat vengeance •Mr conquer f art*? tr belly ver' true tart tart tnt through trpjr^eanitol idvood tra vary tram* tremble trvMiaf to dip tran' drag, trad trazjor' treasure trl three drink wheat too (much) ' deceive le-walk tTVMf find trvf hole tmd* force upon *------fc/ trunk, stei tube bulb tan* tuft tuj immediately baVcl.-th. kerchief tsy/ tower turmT thrush tara* turn (v.a.) taf whole, quite U H e. tavperattve aj d. containing af d. remarkable for awfiiiliif.sum> lawJamnf/ navd ang'nad (finger) USM one urb town UTS' bear (animel) artJk nettle axf a, of conditional •war* womb •AW useful ■f Ma vsuf/ nun vauss' wax ' vaUe\ traanr' he worth •Ml' vain, needless •anT cheek •aanY vain, ruble nwv steam W to frcTttit ■MT smallpox aa* warm t nurse (child) f wide, vast f wake, aroii*e ' sail (suhaL) Friday rhirch whip, (litre- worm (ary) •arg/ rod •*' whip, •ars? work (hi •aniir'xnmt •anTto wasp evprang bat to clothe rl you ' bat, wager __ jar* wrothrrTrle «•bar' go (by vehi- "' buster. Had- [der vlo' row, rank, turn »w/ see wwkf vndower vWT «lort •fir «lta«- Irin' wine iMr winter •trr riolrt •WW -iolin •«'whip Vna, male ttrg virrinrl •S wipr «V rUm (.uh. live [itintrl nOmt bcr visit visit, rail or «a* voice vat. way, r,„d •ar wiah, will IlllSt w'llinely mlV' Wrap roon.1, maa'cconii [oJt ut. mrt word mat un Wat vail HV fo« •VJiar mllure VMmt wound taw-jrinlla IWcarahw sum tovutt Digitized by Google The Progress of Esperanto To print a formal and complete record of activities and developments in the Esperanto world would require a publi- cation of much greater scope and size than Atnerika Esperantisto. We can no longer touch even briefly upon the prog- ress made in each of the nearly forty nations where Esperanto has taken hold, and must therefore mention only a few events of especial interest. Inasmuch as this magazine is brought before hundreds of new readers each month, we may find it necessary, in addition to reprinting the grammar and vocabulary in each num- ber, to give a general news summary of Esperanto progress; because, while many of the events so chronicled would be an old story to the old Esperantists, it is quite essential that the public at large and especially new converts to the inter- national language idea, be as fully in- formed as possible. News of the whole Esperanto move- ment could be obtained only by a thor- ough digest of thousands of local news- papers throughout the world. Esperanto, however, has its own publications, each of which contains a more or less com- plete resume of events in its own country or field. Several of these are interna- tional in their scope, covering special sub- jects, or devoted to international litera- ture. These are printed wholly in Esperanto, while the others are in Esper- anto and one or more local languages. The Belgian publication, for example, is printed in Flemish, French, and Esper- anto. The following list is approximate- ly complete: Algiers : Afrika Esperantisto, Algiers. Austria : La Verda Standardo, Buda- pest. Belgium : La Belga Sonorilo, Brus- sels. Bohemia : La Slava Esperantisto, and Casopis Ceskych Esperantistu, Prague. Brazil: Brozila Esperantisto, Rio de Janeiro. Bulgaria: Lumo, V.-Tirnova. Denmark: Esperanto-Bladet, and Dana Esperanisto, Copenhagen. England-: The British Esperantist, and The Esperanto Instructor, London. Finland: Finna Esperantisto, Hel- singfors. France: Lingvo Internacia, La Re- vuo, J una Esperantisto, Tra Pariso, Paris-Esperanto, Laboro, L'Etoile Es- perantist e, Internacia Socia Revuo, and Esperanta Ligilo (in Braille points for the blind), all of Paris; Espero Katolika, Sainte-Radegonde; Tra La Mondo, Meu- don; L'Esperantiste, Louviers. Germany: Germana Esperantisto, Berlin; Eksport-Jurnalo, Frankfort a' Main; Germana Esperanto-Gaseto, Madgeburg. Holland: Amsterdnma Pioniro, Am- sterdam. India: La Pioniro, Marikuppam, and La Stelo de I' Oriento, Calcutta. Italy: Idealo, Palermo; Roma Es- perantisto, Rome. Japan : Japana Esperantisto, Tokio. Mexico: Verda Stelo, Mexico. Peru: Antauen Esperantistoj, Lima. Roumania: Rumena Gaseto Esper- antisto, Galatzo. Russia: Ruslanda Esperantisto, and Espero, St. Petersburg. Sweden : Espcrautisten, Stockholm. Switzerland: Svisa Espero, Esper- anto, Internacia Scienca Revuo, Geneva. United States: Atnerika Esperan- tisto, Chicago; Filipina Esperantisto, Manila. NOTE.—In view of the immeasurable usefulness of a full collection of current Esperanto periodicals to those who are working for the propaganda of the lan- guage, Amerika Esperantisto has ordered a number of copies of each publication, to be sent us regularly. These, when they arrive, will be made up into sets, each set contain- ing over forty different publications. The price of the complete sets will be $5 00 each, and orders will be filled in rotation as re- ceived. Digitized by Google ESPERANTO ORGANIZATION IN UNITED STATES Much individual effort has been ex- pended in behalf of Esperanto in the United States, and many magazines and newspapers have published information concerning it, and lessons in the lan- guage. It is quite likely that over 50,000 text-books have been purchased in the past two years, and a single pamphlet, "Elements of Esperanto," issued by this magazine, has in a few months had a larger distribution, probably, than all text-books. In addition to this, thou- sands of Esperanto "keys," imported from Europe, have been circulated. Or- ganization is now the one thing lacking to place the language upon a firm and permanent basis in the United States. Not only are there thousands of isolated individuals, but probably a few hundred isolated Esperanto clubs, and one of the principal aims of Amerika Esperantisto is to bring these together into a national organization. About fifty of the clubs and five hundred individuals are now affiliated in The American Esperanto Association, with headquarters in Bos- ton. Members of this association have arranged for a national congress of Esperantists, to be held at Chautauqua, N. Y., in July. It is hoped that many of the existing clubs and societies will be represented there, and it is especially urged that all such organizations send to Amerika Esperantisto the addresses of their sec- retaries, so that correspondence and propaganda effort may be centralized and organized in the various localities. Read- ers of this magazine who live in towns which already have an Esperanto club are advised to communicate at once with the secretary and learn the time of meet- ing, to attend and join the club. For ex- ample, if each of our readers in San Francisco and Berkeley will attend a meeting of the new San Francisco Espe- ranto club, bringing any person whom he knows to be interested in the lan- guage, all will be surprised at the show- ing of their number and strength. Cali- fornia is our second state in numbers, and San Francisco the fourth city (Illi- nois being our best state, Chicago the best city, followed by New York and Boston). We herewith publish a list of Esper- anto clubs and their secretaries. It is very incomplete, and we insistently ask that the clubs lend their assistance in making it up-to-date and authentic. In our June number we shall publish, for every state from which no club has sent us its address, the name of some indi- vidual whom we believe will receive and care for correspondence, and to this end we now ask for volunteer secretaries from every state, and from every prov- ince in Canada. Our Canadian friends will not, of course, affiliate with the American organization unless"they choose to do so, but this magazine is ready to serve every province in the Dominion for the purpose of organization. We have subscribers in each, but none in Newfoundland. Those who have Esper- antist friends on the island are requested to send us their addresses. ESPERANTO SOCIETIES AND CLUBS. American Esperanto Society, Edward K. Harvey, Secretary, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston. CALIFORNIA: Los Angeles Esperanto Association; Ralph Bond, 232 South Hill street. Auxiliary Language Association; Prof. James Main Dixon, University of Cali- fornia, Los Angeles. San Diego Esperanto Society; Dr. C. G. Gearn, 2545 Front street. San Francisco Esperanto Society. 1101 Oak street. Esperanto Cluh; Geo. F. Gillett, Care J. K. Armshv Co., San Francisco. COLORADO: Colorado Esperanto Asso- ciation; Mrs. Maude W. Miks, 2622 Gil- pin street, Denver. Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO CONNECTICUT: New.Britain Esperanto Club; Rolland B. Moore, Box 700. DISTRICT OF COLUMBA: Washington Esperanto Society; Charles W. Stewart, 1211 Kenyon street, N. W. GEORGIA: Atlanta Esperanto Society; Mrs. Wm, Worth Martin, 570 Spring street. Emory Esperanto Club; Jack Dcmpsey, Emory College. Esperanto Society, Mercer University, Ma- con, Ga. ILLINOIS: Illinois Esperanto Associa- tion; Edwin C. Reed, Rockford. Chicago Esperanto Society; J. Howard Pearson, 551 South Waller street. Englewood Esperanto Club; Mrs. T. E. Powell, 6633 Wentworth avenue, Chicago. Elgin Esperanto Society; Joseph J. Burita, 114 Crighton avenue. Rockford Esperanto Society; Derwcnt Whittlesey, 1815 Elm street. University Esperanto Society; Lester Ries, 106 N. Romine street, Urbana. INDIANA: Indiana Esperanto Association: Mrs. Winifred Sackville Stoner, Evans- ville. First Indiana Esperanto Society; Mrs. Wini- fred Sackville Stoner, Evansville. Juna Espero Esperanto Society; Miss Julia Bierbower, 610 Upper First street, Ev- ansville. Non Nobis Solum Esperanto Club; Miss Sadie Rucker, 1205 Chandler avenue, Evansville. Indianapolis Esperanto Societv; Miss Mary McEvoy, 210 East Ohio Street. IOWA: Dcs Moines Esperanto Club; Charles Gay, 24th street and Ingersoll avenue. Esperanto Club; E. Bilz, Iowa Hotel, Des Moines. Sioux City Esperanto Club; L. J. Belt, 1723 Fifth avenue. KANSAS: Kansas Esperanto Association; R. C. Voran, Pretty Prairie. State Agricultural College Esperanto Club; E. M. Lewis, 530 Humboldt street, Man- hattan. Lewis Esperanto Club; Dr. Elmer E. Haynes, Lewis. MAINE: Portland Esperanto Society, Herbert Harris, "The Churchill," Port- land. L'Espero Esperanto Society; Mrs. A. D. Bird. 40 Camden street, Rockland. MASSACHUSETTS: Agricultural College Esperanto Club; E. Victor Bennett. 25 North College street, Amherst. Boston Esperanto Society: Edward K. Har- vev. Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology. F.spe-antaj Pioniroj; Wm. J. Graham, Perkins Institution, South Boston. Beverly Esperanto Club; Frank A. Foster, 12 Lenox street. Esperanto Study Club; Charles H. Morrill, 76 Merrimack street, Haverhill. Kantabrigia Esperanta Grupo; Mrs. Estelle M. H. Merrill, 45 Bellevue avenue, Cam- bridge, Mass. Harvard Esperanto Society; N. W. Frost. 32 Hollis Hall, Cambridge. Marsh Esperanto Club; F. W. Woolway, 77 Union street, Newton Center. Worcester Esperanto Society; Herbert K. Cumrnings, Worcester Polytechnic In- stitute. MINNESOTA: Winona Esperanto Club; Thos. B. Hill. 309 East Fifth street. MISSOURI: St. Joseph Esperanto Club; Mrs. Josephine Riley, 807 North 22nd street. MONTANA: Good Templars' Esperanto Club; Harry C. Walsh, care M. M. Co. NEBRASKA: First Nebraska Esperanto Club; Mrs. E. A. Russell. Ord. Nebraska City Esperanto Club; J. T. Morey. NEVADA: Searchlight Esperanto Club; Dr. E. W. Newell, Searchlight. NEW JERSEY: Hammonton Esperanto Club; Miss Laura K. Seguine. NEW MEXICO: Esperanto Club; Miss Alice D. Blake, Trementina. NEW YORK: Auburn Esperanto Society; Clarence F. Welsh, Recorder's Office. New York Esperanto Club; Andrew Kan- gas, 1061 Prospect avenue. R-ooklyn Esperanto Society; Durbin Van Vleck. 154 Hancock street. Zamenhof Esperanto Club; Fno. Elsie Brict- e.nfeld, 221 East 68th street. OHIO: Columbus Esperanto Society; Miss Carrie Southard, 1432 Highland avenue. Esperanto Club of Ohio State University; Charles W. Park, Columbus. Cincinnati Esperanto Society; Grover Peacock. 3449 WiEon avenue. Avondale, Cincinnati. Toledo Esperanto Club; H. S. Blaine, Box 999. Perrvsville Esperanto Club; L. S. Van Gilder. OREGON: McMinnville Esperanto Club; Arthur McPhillips. PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia Espe-- anto Society, E. Clive Hammond, 1711 Summer street. Warren Esperanto Club; W. L. MacGowan. Esperanto Club of Pittsburg: K. C. Kerr, 1100 Allegheny avenue. Pittsburg Esperanto Society: Miss L. Sanford. RHODE ISLAND: Providence Esperanto Group; Frederick E. Cooper, 11 Hayes street. VIRGINIA: Jamestown Esperanto Club; Loo. V. Judson. 101 Wood street, Nor- folk. WASHINGTON: Seattle Esperanto So- ciety: Wm. G. Adams, 309 South 27th avenue. Esperanto Club; Miss Georgia Melville, Pacific Seminary, Olympia. Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO Societo Esperanta de Spokane; R. Kerk- hoven care Inland Printing Co. WEST VIRGINIA: Wheeling Esperanto Club; Geo. B. Wilson, Care National Bank of West Virginia. Esperanto Club; W. H. Rintelman, Menomi- nee Falls, Wis. CANADA: Toronto Esperanto Club; Rob- ert M. Sangster, 55 Bathurst street. Esperanto Club; Chas. W. Noddings, File Hills P. O., via Balcarres, Saskatchewan. Grand Mere (P. Q.) Esperanto Club; Ellwood Wilson. WORK OF SOCIETIES IN UNITED STATES PITTSBURGH Until March 28th the knowledge that any particular interest was being manifested in Esperanto in Pittsburg was confined to a very few people. These were a few scat- tered students working alone, and a few neighbors and friends who met weekly at each others' homes for the study and prac- tice of the language. Since that time there has been an almost phenomenally rapid development of interest in Esperanto, and there are now two organizations devoted to the propaganda of the language, the Pitts- burg Esperanto Society and the Esperanto Club, of Pittsburg. On the evening of March 28th five per- sons met in the home of John M. Clifford, Jr., in Englewood, a suburb of Pittsburg, for the purpose of forming a society for the study of the language. They organized the Pittsburg Esperanto Society, with Mr. Clif- ford, president; Mr. J. D. Ilailman. vice- president; and Mr. K'. C. Kerr, secretary- treasurer. The other organizers were Mr. Harry Farbstein, the Rev. A. J. Collison and Mr., M. P. Schooley. With the hope that it would attract the attention of any others who might be studying the language, they put a notice of the formation of the society in one of the papers next morning. The new society expected to meet on the fol- lowing Friday evening, April 3rd, with per- haps ten or twelve others and form one or two groups for study. The newspaper notice brought one most unexpected result. It was the discovery that there was already in the field the Pittsburg Esperanto Society, which had been formed on the 21st of March, with Mr. H. W. Fisher, Chief Engineer of the Standard Un- derground Cable Company, as president; Miss L. Sanford, a teacher of languages in the public schools, vice-president, and Miss M. Armstrong, as secretary and treasurer. This Society had been meeting for some time and. as was explained by Mr. Fisher at a meeting of the officers of the two so- cieties held on the 1st of April, intended to begin open propaganda in the coming autumn, when the members should have acquired proficiency in the language. At this joint meeting it was decided that the organization of March 28th should take another name and that the two societies should continue to work separately until the autumn of this year, when the question of consolidation should be considered. The name adopted by the younger society was The Esperanto Club of Pittsburg. The local papers became aware that there were two Esperanto societies in Pittsburg, and so generous was the advertising they gave to the movement that when the meeting of April 3rd took place there were nearly fifty applicants for membership, instead of the modest dozen or so expected. To meet the new conditions a reorganization was at once effected under the new name adopted, the previously elected officers being con- firmed in their positions. A committee to draft a constitution and by-laws and another to consider the matter of the formation and the locations of groups were appointed, to report at the next meet- ing, to be held on April 10th. Such are the facts attending the birth of the Esperanto Club—and the beginning of an experiment that already promises to be a successful one. As regards the constitution adopted at the meeting of April 10th, its principal feature is the article describing the object of the Club to be "to promote the study and prac- tice of the International Auxiliary Lan- guage, Esperanto, by the establishment and maintenance of study groups and such other means as may best lead to the spread of the knowledge and the use of the lan- guage." Under this provision the by-laws created an Executive Committee, to be com- posed of three members, to arrange and di- rect the general study and the group work of the Club, this committee to be appointed annually by the President. It was provided that each group should be as autonomous as possible, having its own officers. The membership fee was fixed at 10 cents for each group meeting attended, that being considered sufficient to meet all the general expenses of the Club It was also arranged that the business meetings of the Club should be held once a month with as many of the members present Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO as possible, it being felt desirable to make these meetings an opportunity for members to get acquainted with each other and to compare notes on the progress of the vari- ous groups, and, most of all, to keep up the interest and enthusiasm. The constitution and by-laws being adopt- ed at the meeting of April 10th, the work of arranging the groups was entered upon. The committee appointed for the purpose submitted this plan, which was carried out: The basis of the arrangement was the mem- bership of fifty-two. as made up at the meeting of April 3rd. The members came from such widely scattered sections of the city and surrounding suburbs that it was done by President Clifford and the members of the executive committee, who were ap- pointed the day following this meeting. Twenty more members were enrolled on the 10th and assigned, according to their addresses, to the various prospective groups. The executive committee is com- posed of Vice-President Hailman, Secretary Kerr and Mr. James McKirdy, the first two being business men and the last a member of the legal profession. Since the meeting of the 10th of April the membership of the Club has grown to 120, with additional groups formed or under for- mation at Braddock, McKeesport and Belle- vue, and the Allegheny and Wilkinsburg HENRY WvFlSHER JOHN M. CLIFFORD, JR. found necessary to establish groups in the branch Carnegie Library in the East End; in the Carnegie Library in Allegheny, in Sheridanville, several miles west of Pitts- burg, in Homestead and in Wilkinsburg, besides two or three central groups in the Carnegie Institute, in which a room had been given for the meetings of the Club. The library and school authorities in all the sections indicated expressed their will- ingness to kindly serve the Club in this way, so that it does not lack for accommo- dations to cover almost any possible growth in Pittsburg. Evenings in the fol- lowing week were appointed for the estab- lishment of the groups, which was to be groups, because of large accessions to mem- bership, have each been divided into two groups. Such is the progress of the Club at May 1st, and every day brings applications for admission to its groups. Many of the mem- bers are teachers, lawyers, physicians, min- isters and business men and women; and while it is evident that some have joined through curiosity and will not continue long, at least 100 of the membership of today may be regarded as "stayers." The idea of the promoters of the club is that members should study at home, using some good text book, and that the meet- ings should be devoted exclusively to read- Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO ing and translating the exercises in the Club's text book, "Elementary Lessons in Esperanto," and asking and answering simple questions in Esperanto, so that they may not only know the language, but be able to speak it. The committee is now preparing other features that will be in- augurated from time to time as the mem- bers advance in the study of the language. Influential men of science and education- alists of this city have, since the formation of the club, become interested in the move- ment, such as Dr. John A. Brashear; the Rev. Dr. S. P. McCormick, Chancellor of the Western University of Pennsylvania; Dr. A. A. Hamerschlag, of the Carnegie Technical School, Mr. Edward Rynearson, of the public schools, and others. Presi- dent Fisher and Miss Sanford and other members of the Pittsburg Esperanto So- ciety are also active and useful members of the Club. The Club and the Society jointly con- ducted a booth for propaganda purposes at a recently held business men's show in Pittsburg, in which one of the principal displays was a collection including a copy of every Esperanto magazine published in the world. The majority of these were from the private collection of Mr. Baker, editor of Amerika Rspcrantisto. At a meet- ing held in connection with the booth, Drs. Brashear, Hamerschlag and McCormick were speakers, there being an audience of more than three hundred. NOTICE TO CLUB SECRETARIES. The foregoing detailed account of the Pitts- burg Club's affairs is given space because of the rather remarkable growth of this club and the prominence it has gained in such a short time. We prefer that the clubs usually limit their reports to 100 words. This docs not mean, if what you have 'done can be told in ten words, you are to stretch it: nor. on the other hand, that we expect to "pinch" your space if you have accomplished work worth a 1.000-word story. But remember to have something to write every month, and don't forget to write it. The following reports illus- trate what we want: Washington Pa.—The Io Nova Club, under the leadership of Prof. W. B. Sterrett, has this winter conducted two courses. The advanced class is reading the Krestomatio and enjoy- ing the game of "Chio." Great expectations are entertained for next year. We have had twenty-three enrolled. Cincinnati, O.—The methods of teaching Esperanto varies. The Cincinnati Esperanto Club, whose members are quite familiar with the grammar, uses the following method with good success. The president, W. M. Ampt, at each club meeting submits a page of original sentences in, Esperanto, purposely making upwards of SO errors therein. These errors are mostly grammatical, but of all sorts, and they -include errors of spelling, the wrongful omission or use of supersigns over the letters, and the use of the wrong Es- peranto word; for example, the use of the word "nombro" where the proper word is "numcro," and vice versa. The Secretary furnishes each member with a copy. The number or character of the errors is not disclosed. At the next meeting each mem- ber reports what errors he may have found and the necessary correction, so far as he can. Portland, Me.—Interest in the cause of Esperanto has increased in Portland, Me., during the winter. Mr. Harris recently gave an address before the Wednesday Club, which excited much interest in the lan- guage. The Esperanto Society now has 30 members and subscribers for three monthly journals. Two weekly elementary classes, together numbering thirty members, are conducted by members of the society, and are making good progress. April 7th these classes were hospitably entertained at the delightful suburban residence of Mr. William Preble Carr. The Esperanto flag had a place among the decorations, and "La Vcrda Stelo," by Deshays, "Ho. Mu Kor'," by Guivy, "Mi Aŭdas Vin," by Har- ris, and a version of Klcmentino," by Fred, of Edinburgh, were sung during the eve- ning. NOTICE TO NEW SUBSCRIBERS No March Copies.—In sending new sub- scriptions to Amerika lisherantisto, you will avoid correspondence by asking that your sub- scription begin with the current issue, unless we are specifically advertising back numbers. Our whole scheme of success is based on selling our papers rather than keeping them. The March and January issues were sold out to the last copy, and we will give a three months' subscription credit to any reader who will return us his own copy of March, as we need a few for files. We still have nine hun- dred of the February propaganda number. which will be mailed in bundles of five or more at five cents per copy. Many leading propagandists have declared this the best thing yet issued for the purpose. It will not be reprinted, as we expect to get out some- thing better, but while they last you may have the remaining nine hundred copies at half price. Digitized by Google FIFTH INTERNATIONAL ESPERANTO CONORESS Nothing we can do or say here by our- selves in America would do as much to solidify our ranks, dismay our opponents and wake up the indifferent and unin- formed as bringing the Fifth World Con- gress of Esperantists across the Atlantic and letting its intense enthusiasm be in- fused among the people of the western hemisphere without the loss of energy incident to transmission by cable or mail. We can compel attention from the press where it has hitherto been denied us, and the papers which have given us para- graphs will find it necessary to give us pages. Moreover, there is such a thing as a psychological moment for doing things—the "tide in the affairs of men which, taken at its flood, leads on to fortune." The mere announcement that the congress of 1909 will come to Amer- ica will double the energy and enthusiasm of our propaganda and may, in the course of twelve months, multiply our numbers by ten and our influence by fifty. It is not sure that we can develop enough enthusiasm to bring the congress; but be assured that America can get it if we "go after it" with the requisite determination to have it; and that, once let it be settled we are to have it, there will be enthusiasm to burn. Feeling quite forcefully the imperative need of bringing the Fifth Congress to America, Amcrika Esperantisto has asked permis- sion of President Viles, of the American Esperanto Association, to invite the con- gress in his name and to work for the promotion of that object until the Chau- tauqua Congress, which we hope will be attended by representatives from many states who will extend a formal invita- tion on behalf of the entire American Esperantistaro. In reply to our letter President Viles answers as follows: 201 W. 11th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, April 25, 1908. Mr. Arthur Baker, 186 40th street, Chicago, 111. My Dear Mr. Baker: I believe that the fifth international con- gress of Esperantists should be held in America. With all their "push and energy" the Americans would surely be able to achieve as great a success as the English did. The idea of holding a congress on English soil was attended by a good deal of doubt, but everyone knows what a tre- mendous impulse was given to the Esper- anto movement in all English-speaking countries, while, in view of the known con- servative attitude of the English nation to- ward an international language that should not be English, the success of the congress in Cambridge impressed the whole world. The fact that the American congress would be held at such a well-known institution as Chautauqua, with its thousands of eager students, and with the approval and sym- pathy of Dr. Vincent, would contribute much to the probability of its success. The ultimate triumph of Esperanto demands that in the immediate future the inter- national congress should be held in the western hemisphere. The movement will then become more truly international. Thereafter annual congresses could be held in each nation and an international congress in each hemisphere with a united international congress once in five years. The holding of a successful congress next year in America would, in my opinion, accomplish much toward having Esperanto put upon the curricula of the schools of this country and assure the acceptance of this particular international language by edu- cators and scientists as the acknowledged universal language of the world. Yours very truly, GEO. B. VILES. Digitized by Google EDMOND PRIVAT Digitized by Google AMERIKA ^G "PSPERANTISTO UNUA AMERIKA REVUO ^* J___y DE LA LINGVO INTERNACIA ESPERANTO VOLUMO III CHICAGO MAJO MCMVIII NUMERO IV NI INVITAS LA KVINAN NIA J samideanoj eŭropaj, por kiuj Ameriko ankoraŭ restas nur kontinento konata per la geografia karto, ni vin salutas, kaj petas pri pli intima koniĝo. Ni petas, ke vi tenu ĉe ni la Kvinan Kongreson. Estas afero komprenebla, ke por la plimulto el vi la malprok- simeco ŝajnus nevenkebla barilo. Sed tio tute ne estas subtenebla argumento kontraŭ la kongreso ĉe ni. Vidu: nur por havi nian propran nacian kongreson, kelkaj el ni veturos pli grandan nom- bron da mejloj, ol kuŝas inter Liverpool kaj New York. Pri la ebla malsukceso de tia kunveno vi ne povas kredi. Jam estas la esperantista movado ĉe ni tro granda, tro forta kaj energia, por permesi malsukceson. Jam de pli ol cent jaroj vi scias, ke la amerikanoj ne kutimas malsukcesi en gravaj entreprenoj. Sed pri la Kvina Kongreso, ni povas fari sukceson nur se vi akceptos nian inviton kaj donos al ni la eblon elpruvi niajn fortojn. Car nia lando sin trovas inter du vastaj oceanoj, kaj oni povas veturi en unu direkton per rapida vagonaro kvin tagojn kaj noktojn sen bezoni alian lingvon krom la angla, nur tiuj amerikanoj, kiuj rigardas al aferoj el la ideala vidpunkto, nun ŝatas Esperanton. La fremduloj, kiuj venas al ni por fari sian hejmon, tre baldaŭ venkas la lingvan barilon. Nur per internacia kongreso ĉe ni, interkon- igante per ĝi nian popolon kun vi, kaj kun la nemezurebla utileco de Esperanto, ni povos venki la kontraustaron de tiuj, kiuj rifuzas vidi en nia lingvo ian praktikecon. Bone rigardinte kaj ekzameninte la nunan staton de aferoj es- perantistaj en nia lando, ni povas certigi, ke grandan profiton ricevus la movado ĉe ni el la Kvina Kongreso, kaj ke entuziasme kaj suk- cese ni povos regali vin. 47 Digitized by Google 48 PRI LA TEKNIKAJ VORTAROJ RENE DE SAUSSURE ĈEFA REDAKTOKO DK 'INTERNACIA SCIENCA REVUO" DE DIVERSAJ flankoj, eni espri- mis la deziron, ke la Scienca Asocio komencu baldaŭ star- igi teknikajn vortarojn (vidu pri tio la leteron de Dro. Roblot en la Decembra kajero de Scienca Revuo). La Scienca Oficejo estas nun preta kom- enci tiun gravan laboregon, kaj ni esperas ke multaj anoj de nia Asocio bonvolos aktive partopreni la laboron. Gis nun la teknikaj vortaroj estis ver- kitaj de apartuloj kaj sen ia ligo unuj kun la aliaj. Tia ligo estas nepre necesa por ricevi teknikajn vortarojn laŭ omog- ena piano. Aliflanke, ĉiu faka vortaro devas esti verkita de specialistoj. La celo de la Scienca Oficejo estas al- centrigi en unu lokon la laboron faritan de diversaj specialistoj en diversaj sci- encoj kaj en diversaj lokoj. La S. O. do tute ne intencas starigi mem la teknikajn vortarojn, Car tion gi ne povus fari, sed gi intencas starigi planon de laboro aranĝitan laŭ tia maniero, ke ĉiu ano de la Scienca Asocio povos labori sende- pende de la aliaj kaj sendi sian laboron la S. O. kun la certeco ke gi estos uzata por la gcnerala teknika vortarego. Jen la piano kiun ni proponas : La Scienca Oficejo apartigos Ĉiujn homajn konojn laŭ cent fakoj kunre- spondantaj al tiuj de la Bibliografia Klas- igado Decimala de la Internacia Instituto Bibliografia de Bruselo, Belgujo. Ĝi starigos (kompreneble iom post iom) specialan vortaron por Ĉiu fako ; oni tiel ricevos la cent jenajn vortarojn : 0 Verkoj Generalaj.—I Bibliografio,. 2 Bibliotekonomio, 3 Enciklopedioj Generalaj, 4 Generalaj Kolektoj Da Skizverkoj, 5 Revuoj kaj Periodikoj Generalaj, 6 Societoj kai Akademioj Generalaj, 7 Jurnaloj, Jurnalismo, 8 Bibliotekoj Specialistaj, 9 Manuskrip- toj, Libroj Valoraj. 10 Filozofio (Cenerale).—11 Ĝener- alaĵoj, 12 Metafiziko, 13 Antropologio Filozofia, 14 Sistemoj Filozofiaj, 15 Psikologio, 16 Logiko, i7Etiko(Mor- alo), 18 Filozofoj Antikvaj, 19 Filo- zofoj Modernaj. 20 Religio (Ĝenerale).—21 Teolo- gio Natura, 22 Biblio, Evangelio, 23 Teologio Dogmatika, 24 Praktiko Re- ligia, 25 Pastreco, Teologio Pastra, 26 Ekleziologio, 27 Historio Eklezia, 28 Eklezioj kaj Sektoj Kristanaj, 59 Religioj Ne-Kristanaj. 30 Socia Scienco (Ĝenerale)—31 Statistiko, 32 Politiko, 33 Ekonomio- Publika, 34 Juro, 35 Administracio, Juro Administracia, 36 Sociaj Asocioj kaj Institucioj, 37 Instruarto, Edukado, 38 Komerco, Transportado, 39 Ku- timoj, Folkloro. 40 Filologio (cenerale).—41 Filo- logio Kompara, 42 Filologio Angla, 43 Filologio Germana, 44 Filologio Franca, 45 Filologio Itala, 46 Filo- logio Hispana, 47 Filologio Latina, 48 Filologio Greka, 49 Filologio Espe- ranta kaj Alilingva. 50 Natursciencoj (Ĝenerale).—51 Matematiko, 52 Astronomio, Geodezio,. Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO 49 53 Fiziko, Mekaniko Racia, 54. Kemio kaj Mineralogio, 55 Geologio, 56 Pa- leontologio, 57 Biologio, Antropologio, 58 Botaniko, 59 Zoologio. 60 Sciencoj Aplikaj (Generate).—61 Medicino, 62 Inĝenierarto, 63 Agri- kulturo, 64. Ekonomio Privata (Fam- ilia), 65 Komerco, Transportado, 66 Industrioj Kemiaj, 67 Fabrikarto, 68 Industrioj Mekanikaj kaj Metioj, 69 Konstruarto. 70 Belartoj (Ĝenerale).—71 Ĝarden- arkitekturo, 72 Arkitekturo, 73 Skulpt- arto, Numismatiko, 74 Desegnarto, Ar- toj Grafikaj, 75 Pentrarto, 76 Gravur- arto, 77 Fotografarto, 78 Muziko, 79 Sporto (Generate). 80 Literaturo (Generate).—81 Cen- eralaĵoj, 82 Literaturo Angla, 83 Lit- eraturo Germana, 84 Literaturo Franca, 82 Literaturo Itala, 86 Literaturo His- pana, 87 Literaturo Latina, 88 Lit- eraturo Greka, 89 Literaturo Esper- anta kaj Alilingva. 90 Geografio kaj Historio (Gener- ate).—91 Geografio kaj Vojaĝoj, 92 Biografioj, 93 Historio Antikva, 94 Historio Moderna Eŭropa, 95 Historio Moderna Azia, 96 Historio Moderna Afrika, 97 Historio Moderna Nord-Am- erika, 98 Historio Moderna Sud-Amer- ika, 99 Historio Moderna Oceania kaj Polusregiona. Nun ĉiu Esperantisto kiu deziras helpi la starigon de tiuj cent fakvortaroj bezo- nas nur elekti unu el ili, fari tabelon da vortoj uzataj en tiu Ci fako (kun ilia tra- duko en kiel eble plej multaj naciaj ling- voj), kaj sendi tiun tabelon al la Scienca Oficejo. La tabelo senditatute ne bezo- nas esti plena vortaro ; oni povas laŭvole starigi kolekton da 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, ktp., vortoj; Cio estos uzata kaj utila por la generate vortaro kaj Ciu povos labori laŭ siaj fortoj. Sed estas dezirinde sendi vortojn zorge elektitajn (Iaŭ la principo de internacieco aŭ de plejtaŭgeco) kaj klare skribitaj por facil- igi la taskon de la Scienca Oficejo. ĉiu kunlaboranto estas petata skribi titole la nomon kaj la numeron dela fak- vortaro al kiu kunrespondas lia sendato. Ni donos Ciumonate novajn sciigojn kai klarigojn laŭ la bezonoj, sed ni petas la bonvolulojn komenci de nun kolekti vor- tojn en sia fako kaj sendi ilin al la Scienca Oficejo, kiu ekzamenos ilin kun la helpo de la Geneva Komitato, kaj komencos ordigi ilin laŭfake, tiamaniereke ĝi povos raporti en la Dresdena Kongreso pri la taŭgeco de tia labormetodo. Kompreneble, ne estas verŝajne, ke oni elverkos la cent teknikajn vortarojn samtempe. La Scienca Oficejo publik- igos Ciujare novan eldonon de la verko farita en la antaŭaj jaroj; do en la kom- enco kelkaj fakvortaroj estos sufiĉe ple- naj, aliaj estos malpli plenaj, aliaj en- tenos nur kelkajn vortojn kaj aliaj estos ne eC komencitaj. Sed, tio estas negrava, Car la laboro estas tiel aranĝita, ke oni povos Ĉiam laŭvole aldoni vortojn, aŭ fari korektojn, ne detruante la antaŭan laboron. Ni ne povas doni tie Ci plenajn detalojn kaj klarigojn pri la labormetodo plej bona por la kunlaborantoj. Ni donos pluajn informojn laŭ la bezonoj kaj laŭ la sperto akirita per la laboro mem ; sed ni opinias, ke oni povas de nun konsili por la tek- nikaj vortaroj la uzon de kelkaj novaj sufiksoj por pliprecizigi la sencon de la teknikaj vortoj, ekzemple: -oz: plena je, kiu havas, entenas (ekz. porozo, kalkoza) ; -iz: Smiri per, kovri je, provizi per (ekz. elektrizi, sulfizi) ; -iv: kiu povas (ekz. kondukiva); -if: produkti (ekz. ĝcrmift); -ojd: kiu havas la formon, la Sajnon de (ekz. sferojtio). Kompreneble krom tiuj ĝeneralaj tek- Digitized by Google 50 AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO nikaj sufiksoj, oni povas enkonduki spe- cialajn sufiksojn Iaŭ la bezonoj de Ciu fakscienco. La personoj aŭ faksocietoj kiuj estas eldonintaj aŭ eldonontaj teknikajn vort- arojn, estas petataj sendi ilin kiel eble plej baldaŭ al la Scienca Oficejo por ke tiuj vortaroj povu esti enmetataj en la ĝeneralan vortaregon. PorCiu vorto la nomo de la aŭtoro aŭ de la deveno estos citata. La vortoj estos enskribitaj en la Scienca Oficejo sur apartaj kartetoj kaj klasigitaj laŭalfabete en ioo tirkestoj kunrespondantaj la ioo fakvortarojn. Mondonacoj por tiu gravega entre- preno estos dankeme ricevitaj. AL LA TUTMONDAJ INSTRUISTOJ La Instruada Komitato de la Brita Esperantista Asocio, konsiderante ke tre gravan rolon en la disvastigo de nia lingvo devas ludi la instruistoj; kaj ke grandan profiton povus efektivigi inter- rilatiĝo inter diverslandanoj en tiu fako, proponas ke oni organizu, 6e la Kvara Kongreso, specialan kunsidon de tut- mondaj ĝeneralaj instruistoj (ne nur pro- fesiaj instruistoj, sed ankaŭ neprofesiaj instruistoj de Esperanto). Por tiu celo, ni petas ke Ciu, kiu apro- bas la proponon, bonvolu tuj sendi al ni la sekvantan sciigon : Nomon, adreson, fakon de instruado, kaj, Cu li intencas Ĉeesti la Kvaran Kongreson. Nia komitato tre volonte entreprenus fari Ciujn klopodojn pri la afero ; sed ni opinias ke, Car la Kvara Kongreso okazos en Germanujo, eble la germanaj instruis- toj preferos preni sur sin la plezuran tas- kon. Se tiu konkludo estas ĝusta, ni sendos al ili Ciujn ricevitajn nomojn, kaj proponos nian helpon pri la korespon- dada laboro, se la germanaj organLon- toj tion bezonos.—Charles E. Cowper, Prezidanto de la Instruada Komitato de la B. E. A., 13 Arundel St., London. ■ŭ ZAMENHOF Sic itur ad astra Kelkaj elserCis per glavo la famon, Sed kio ilia trovajo ? Ili nur gajnis eternan malamon— Ha, kia domaĝa kovaĵo I Unu pro amo al granda frataro, Pensante neniel pri gloro, Don is la eblon al disa homaro Kunligi sin, koro Ce koro. Kio do estos al li rekompenco ? Surtere, de 1' venko la scio ; Transe—la dolĉa, Ciela kadenco— La "Vin mi aprobas" de Dio. —L. F. Xetvcomb Digitized by Google 51 CIRKULERO PRI LA KVARA NUR KVAR monatoj nin disigas de la venonta kongreso, rapide ili pasos kaj la "Kvara" efektiv- igos 1 Ci okazos de la 16a gis la 22a de Aŭgusto. Tiu Ci semajno zorgeme estis elektita; konsiderante la diversajn dezir- ojn de Ciuj nacioj, la Germana Esperan- tista Societo en harmonio kun la Centra Oficejo decidis pri la dato. Germanujo esperas, ke la Esperantistoj de la tuta mondo plenumos sian Kembrigan pro- meson; kore ili estos akceptataj. Ili Ĉiuj venu, la pacaj batalantoj por nia sankta aferol La unua tago de la kongreso estos dimanĉo. Ankaŭ la Kvara komencos per Diservoj, kiuj estas certe tre grava pruvo por la taŭgeco de Esperanto. La Majstro venos, ne timante malgraŭ sia ne tro bona sano la lacigojn de granda kongreso. Kaj Ciuj Germanoj devas uzi la favoran okazon, ke ili havos la kon- greson en sia propra lando. Ili ne for- restu, timante, ke ili ne sufiCe progresis en la uzo de la lingvo. Kompreneble, Ciu vizitonto nepre devas bone koni la lingvon, li ĝin senĉese zorge kaj diligente studadu. La programo enhavos paroladojn, dek- lamojn, kantojn kaj teatraĵojn, en unu vorto, sufiCe da okazoj, por audi nian lingvon. La Dresdenaj kongresanoj vaporŝipe ekskursos al Meissen kaj al la Saksa Svisujo ; la Sipoj estos grandaj parolejoj kaj la vojaĝo donos al la Sip- anoj agrablajn momentojn de vere frata kunestado. Ankaŭ en Dresdeno la kongresanoj estos ĉiam kune, oni tion bone arangos. Kvankam la urbo estas granda, tamen la efektive plej vizitataj stratoj ne estas multaj. Ni nomu : Prager Strasse, See Strasse, Schloss-Strasse, kaj Bruhlsche Terrasse. Kaj se la gastoj tamen for- gesus la nomojn de tiuj Ci stratoj aŭ la nomojn de siaj hoteloj, jam nun dudek- kvar policanoj povus montri al ili la vojon, Car ili fervore lernas Esperanton. La instruado de la policanoj estas unu el la laboradoj de la Dresdena grupo. Alian laboron Jus finis la Germana Esperantista Societo, gi aldonis adres- aron : Germana Jarlibro Esperantista por 1908. Per tiu Ci libreto la Germana Esper- antista Societo prezentas al la Esperan- tistaro malgrandan, sed tamen tre gravan verkon. La nombro de la Esperantistoj tiel rapide kreskas kaj pligrandigis, ke internaciaj adresaroj ne plu estas eldon- eblaj ; la naciaj jarlibroj ilin anstataŭos. Ankaŭ por la eksterlandoj tia nacia jar- libro estas interesa, Car ĝi enhavas ankaŭ informojn pri la kongresa urbo, kiuj in- teresos Ciujn partoprenontojn kaj tial ni petas treege, ke la tutmondaj samideanoj aCetu nian libron. Samvalora estas artikolo pri la historio de Esperanto; gi estos germo de iama scienca verkego. Bildoj kaj skizoj pri Dresdeno ornamas la libreton. ACetu gin 1 Dresdeno, koncerne la kongreson, sim- ilas abelujon. La anoj de la grupo laboras diligente, ili Ciumaniere ekzer- cadas la interparoladon kaj ili starigis kantunuigon por la ekzercado de la him- Digitized by Google 52 AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO noj, kantotaj dum la kongreso. Nova poŝtkarto (propono Elb) ĵus aperis. Ĝi enhavas la Ligokanton de Mozarto: ' Fratoj, manon donu kore I " (Traduko de L. L. Zamenhof). Havebla Ce Dro. Albert Schramm, Dresden, Standehaus. Prezo: Sm. 0.50. (M. 1.—). Je Sm. 0.05 (M. 0.10) ĝi estas hav- ebla Ce H. Armhold, Dresden, Waisen- hausstrasse 20. Alia novaĵo estas : "Sigelmarko" por la Kvara. Por akiri artan kaj ornaman propa- gandan markon por kovertoj rilate al la kvara kongreso oni arangis konkurson kun premio inter la studantoj de la Rega Artmetia Lernejo. Estis sendataj 140 desegnoj, Ciuj montris intereson kaj komprenon por nia afero, multaj el ili estis spritaj kaj talentaj elpensajoj. Nur unu el ili estos presata, sed kvin kon- kursintoj ricevos monan premion. La samideanoj ilin vidos en la granda kongresa ekspozicio. Jam nun ni aten- tigas la amikojn je la graveco de tiu ek- spozicio kaj petegas ilian energian hel- pon. Nur tiam gi estos valora, se gi estos plena, historie ordigita; nenie gi montru mankon, kontraŭe, klare oni vidu daŭran kreskadon, la sanan, fortan dis- volvon, kaj lanunan staton de nia afero. Tiu kreskado sana kaj regula, neniam kaj neniel interrompita, montru per muta sed komprenebla voCo la yenontan Ven- kon. Ni ne forgesu: Post la kongreso mul- taj el la gastoj restos kune en ' 'Weisser Hirsch" (Blanka Cervo) la Esperantista Vilago. Bela prospekto de "Weisser Hirsch" Jus aperis. Senpage gi estas havebla Ce Dro. Schramm, Dresden, Standehaus. Oni nur bonvolu sendi la poStpagon per Internacia respondkupono po 0.25 M. aŭ 5 cendoj. & ft if WEISSER HIRSCH La monafero estas unu el la plej gravaj aferoj de la tuta mondo. EC la Esper- antistoj devas kalkuli, ne sufiĉas ke ili "songas" kaj "revas", la realeco pos- tulas sianrajton. Ankaŭ nian "Kastelon en la Nuboj", nian Esperantistan Vilagon ni devas pririgardi per ŝparemaj okuloj. Tial antaŭ nelonge la loga komitato de la Esperantista Vilaĝo vizitis kvazaŭ nekonate la "Blankan Cervon." Antaŭ ol ni raportas, ni petas niajn legantojn bone memori: Unu germana Mark estas 50 Sd. aŭ Unu 'Sm. estas du Markoj. De nun ni nur kalkulos per Sm. Jen la rezultato de la informado. En Ciu enirata domo la komitato aŭdis la saman: la nutrado por la tuta tago kostas 2 Sm. La tuta loko havas simplan, bonan, sanan nutromanieron, laŭ la principoj de la Dro. Lahmann : bona viando, multe da legomoj, mallonga vico de mangajoj kaj Ciam la sama prezo por la tuto : 2 Sm. La sola diferenco de la prezoj okazos per la Iogado, kaj tion ni konsilas al la gastoj mem ordoni. Malgrandaj, sed tamen belaj Cambroj kun unu lito jam estas haveblaj por 50 Sd. por tago. Grandaj, elegantaj Cambroj kostas ĝis 3 Sm. tage. La gastoj mem decidu la prezon, tiam ili estos certe kontentaj. La gusta tempo por mendi ilian logadon estos la Julio; pli frue luado ne estas ebla, Car la gastigantoj ne scias, kiaj Cambroj estas haveblaj—la fremduloj ja senĉese alvenas kaj foriras en somer- freŝejo. Ĝis tiam ni ankoraŭ ofte donos sciigojn pri Weisser Hirsch. Digitized by Google 53 EDMOND PRIVAT DOKTORINO CLARA TODSON LA JUNA eŭropa prdpagandisto kiu venis al ni de Svisujo por kelkaj monatoj komencis laboradi por nia afero, kiel Dro. Zamenhof, kiam li estas ankoraŭ infano. En la vintro 1902-1903, kiam li estis dektrijara, li f ondis kun sia samaga amiko, H. Hodler, la konatan gazeton "juna Esperantisto" en Genevo, kaj komencis instruadi Es- peranton kaj fondi klubojn. En 1905 li fcavis grandan sukceson Ce laUnua Kon- greso de Esperanto en Boulogne kaj estis elektita sekretario de 1* Esperanta gazetaro. Li invitis la Duan Kongreson al sia urbo Genevo. La organizado de tiu kongreso estis tiom pli malfacila ke ne estis jam multaj esperantistoj en Svisujo, sed Edmond Privat nenion timis kaj post lia senlaca laborado montrigis la Geneva Kongreso granda sukceso. ĉu tiam la junulo ekripozis ? Ne, inter liaj lernejaj tempoj, li paroladis, instru- adis, vojaĝadis vespere kaj nokte por disvastigi Esperanton en Svisujo. Kiu pagis por Ĉio Ci ?—neniu. Cu Edmond Privat estas riCulo ? Tute ne I Kiel do li faris ? Li laboradis, verkadis por francaj revuoj, donis lecionojn, k.t.p. kaj tiel li pagis siajn vojagojn kaj pro- pagandilojn. Oni jam nomis lin hejme "la amerikano". Multaj miris kiel li povas fari Ĉiom en la sama tempo, kel- kaj eC suspektis ke liaj tagoj havas almenaŭ tridek horojn. Esperanto ja kaŭzis multajn aliajn miraklojn, kiel ĉiu bone scias. Lastan someron li veturis al Cam- bridge, en Anglujo, por helpi la organ izantojn de la belega "Tria". Edmond Privat estis unu el la plej elokventaj oratoroj en la Esperantistaro, kaj Ce tiu kongreso multaj opiniis ke li havas la plej bonan elparoladon de la lingvo. Profesoro Grillon, el Filadelfio, diris alii, "vi devus veni al Ameriko, vi povus utilege helpi nin por antaŭenpuSi la lingvon." Dro. Zamenhof aldonis : "Jes, vi devus fari tiun servon al nia afero kaj montri al amerikanoj bonan el- paroladon de nia lingvo." La junulo respondis: ' Bone, bone, mi klopodos." Li tute ne konis la anglan lingvon, li ankaŭ tute ne havis monon. Tial li restadis en Anglujo gis Novembro, lern- ante la anglan lingvon, instruante espe- ranton, kaj laboregante "gis li atingis la celon." En Novembro li devis veturi Parizon kaj Svisujon kaj poste revenis Londonon, enŝipiĝis kaj alvenis Nov- Jorkon. Li alvenis iom subite, nean- oncite, konis neniun en la urbego, antaŭaranĝis nenion. Post tri semajnoj li estis jam parolinta kaj komencinta kursojn en grandaj altlernejoj kaj kaŭz- inta multenombrajn artikolojn pri nia lingvo en la Ciutagaj Jurnaloj. En Jan- uaro kelkaj societoj invitis Edmond Pri- vat kaj li ekvojagadis. En Bostono li faris sukcesplenajn paroladojn en la Publika Librarejo, 20a Centjara Klubo kaj diversaj lernejoj; en Cambridge, li paroladis al la Harvardaj studentoj kaj ankaŭ konvertis al nia afero Prof. Wm. James, la mondfaman psikologiston. En Digitized by Google 54 AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO Auburndale, Providence, Brooklyn, Or- ange, Newark, li alportis la esperantan evangelion. Dum Februaro li kondukis du kursojn kaj faris tridek paroladojnen Filadelfio kaj Ĉirkaŭ tiu urbo, Bryn Mawr, Swarthmore, k.t.p. Multaj kluboj fondigis. En Marto li faris naii parol- adojn en tri tagoj en Washington, vizitis Prezidanton Roosevelt kaj Vice-Presi- danton Fairbanks, kaj klarigis al ili kion celas Esperanto. La Ĉefgeneralo de la Usona Armeo tre Satis Esperanton, kaj petis Privat paroladi al la oficiroj Ĉe la Army War College. La Prezidantino de 1' Ruĝkruca Societo decidis akcepti Es- peranton kiel koresponda lingvo por fremdaj landoj. En Evansville kaj New Harmony, Indiana, Privat havis bonan sukceson, kaj en Elgin, Illinois, li faris dek unu paroladojn en tri tagoj. En Evanston li paroladis dufoje kun Profesoro Papot, kaj al Champaign li veturis kun la re- daktoro de 1' Amerika Esperantisto. En ambaŭ universitatoj, grandaj kluboj fon- digis. En Chicago li havis plenegajn ĉambrojn Ce la Arta Instituto kaj Ce la Virina Klubo, kaj entuziasmigis la ge- knabojn de kelkaj altlernejoj. Poste Edmond Privat veturis al Columbus, Ohio, kie li paroladis en du lokoj, kaj al Toledo, kie li faris same. De tie li vojagis al Kanado kaj en Toronto li par- oladis unu vesperon al ses cent personoj kaj la sekvantan al ok cent Ce la Uni- versitato. En unu el la komercaj lern- ejoj, kie li ankaŭ paroladis, la estro tuj decidis oficialigi la instruadon de Espe- ranto. Lia proksima halto estis Warren, Pennsylvania, kie la estro de la lernejoj, Dro. MacGowan, promenigis lin tra Ciuj lernejoj kaj donis al Ciuj la okazon audi la "Esperantan misiiston." Edmond Privat reveturis al Columbus, kie la Prczidanto de 1' Stata Senato petis lin paroli al la senatanoj Ce oficiala kunsido, Car la Senatanoj nun diskutas legopro- jekton de Sro. Harper, el Cincinnati, por enkonduko de Esperanto en la altlern- ejojn. La Elginanoj estis tiom entuziasmigitaj per la vizito de Edmond Privat ke ili revenigis lin, kaj dum la tri unuaj sem- ajnoj de Aprilo li faris kursojn en Elgin kaj paroladis multfoje Ce la Altlernejo, kaj ankaŭ kun Drino. Todson en la naj- baraj urboj Aurora, St. Charles, Dundee kaj Batavia. La Elginaj gejunuloj volis ke li konservu bonan rememoron pri ili kaj ili organizis Ciuspecajn festojn, ves- permangojn, koncertojn, k.t.p. Nia samideano nun daŭrigas sian vojagon tra Indiana kaj Pennsylvania. De lia alveno ĝis Pasko, Edmond Privat faris en la angla lingvo 142 paroladojn pri Esperanto al pli ol 50,000 personoj kaj kaŭzis la fondiĝon de multaj kluboj. Li ankaŭ trovis la tempon verki angle propagandon libreton kaj lernolibron kiuj tre baldaŭ aperos, kaj kelkajn bonajn artikolojn en Usonoj revuoj. Alifianke, la gazetaro en la tuta lando multe parolis pri lia propaganda vojagado kaj speciale pri la vizito al la Prezidanto. Sro. Privat intencis reveturi Svisujon en Aprilo, sed la Chautauqua Instituto insiste petis lin ke li restu gis Julio por Ceesti Ce la Amerika Esperanta Kongreso kaj instrui la lingvon dum la antaŭaj semajnoj. La 4an de Julio, do, flanke de la gramatika kurso de Prof. Papot, Sro. Privat komencos kvin Ciutagajn kursojn, unu por komencantoj kaj kvar por esperanto-instruantoj : konversacion, kompozicion, instruadon, elparoladon kaj stilon. Sro. Privat uzas sian "par- oligan" metodon, kiu estas nova al ni, kaj donis bonegajn rezultojn en Filadel- fio, Nov-Jorko kaj Elgin, kie li instruadis per gi. Antaŭ la fino de la kurso okazos ekzamcnoj por la akiro de diplomoj. Sro. Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO 55 Privat estas prezidanto kaj fondinto de la "Internacia Instituto de Esperanto" kaj oficiale starigos kun la Chautauqua Instituto la centran someran branĉon de tiu lernejo en Ameriko. Ni forte konsilas al Ĉiuj samideanoj profiti tiun maloftan okazon studadi nian lingvon aŭ pliperfektiĝi en ĝi. Por sci- igoj pri la kursoj skribu al Profesoro B. Papot, 931 Jackson Bvd., Chicago. Estas alia fako en kiu la vizito de Sro. Privat montriĝis plej entuziasmiga. Kvankam li senlace prezentis la utilecon kaj eC necesecon de la lingvo, la plej forta impreso lasita kun liaj amikoj estas pri la belega spirito de tiu ĉi sindona. junulo—spirito kiu do estas la ekzem- pligado de la centra ideo de Esperanto— la Esperantismo. Li interrompis por tiu tempo sian hejman vivadon kaj stud- adon, kaj venis Amerikon por laboradi senpage kaj sindone, por la propagando. Ni amerikanoj certe Suldas al li koregajn dankojn, se nenion plu. Ni tre esperas ke li revenos al Ameriko la proksiman jaron, kaj fortege konsilas al Ciuj Esperantistaj grupoj ke ili sciigu al la redaktoro de "Amerika Esperan- tisto" sian deziron ke Sro. Privat vizitu. ilin. # TUTAMERIKA SCIENCA KUNVENO La sekvantan memklaran cirkuleron dissendas la Brazila Ligo Esperantista : La 1'an de decembro 1908 kunvenos en Santiago-de-ĉillando la Unua Tut- amerika Scienca Kongreso. Ni ne be- zonas insisti por ke vi komprenu la grav- econ de tiu okazo por nia afero. Jam la nomoj de la oficialaj delegatoj estas publikigitaj en la gazetaro. Kelkaj el ili estas konataj esperantistoj kaj amikoj de nia lingvo. Ni citos nur Sroj. Fed- eriko Villareal, el Perulando, Medeiros E. Albuquerque, el Brazillando, kaj Gre- gorio Mendizabal, el Meksiklando. Nia bonega kaj bedaŭrata samideano D. Carlos Honore, el la Respubliko Ori- entala, devis partopreni en tiu Kongreso kaj intends prezenti al ĝi proponon pri Esperanto. Li mortis, sed aliaj ne man- kos por defendi nian lingvon, kiel jam faris—oni memoras—Sro. Mendizabal en la Medicina Kongreso de Montevideo, la lastan jaron. En la Kongreso mem, la amikoj de- Esperanto kunvenos, kaj vidos kion kaj kiel ili povas fari: ni lasu tion al ilia saĝeco. Sed ni ne devas resti senagaj dum tiu. tempo. La devo de Ciuj amerikaj esper- antistoj estas klopodi apud la delegatoj de sia lando, por ke ili konu nian aferon,. kaj estu simpatiaj al la proponoj. Al la laboro 1 •& w f-r Tiu sama Ligo sciigas, ke Usono estos reprezentata jene: Prof. Leo S. Rowe, Universitato de Pennsylvania: Prof. William R. Shepherd, Columbia Universitato; Universitatoj de Califor- nia, Chicago, Columbia, Cornell, George Washington, Harvard, Illinois, John Hopkins, Michigan, Minnesota, Penn- sylvania, Princeton, Texas, Wisconsin, kaj Yale. Digitized by Google 56 "MIA LANDO" La poemon sekvantan sendas al la redakcio unu usonano, Sro. Jules E. Crary, el Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. Li certigas, ke gi estas kiel eble plej akurata kopio el manuskripto sendita al li de juna japano. Jen oni presas gin sen korekti aŭ Sangi, por montri la nekontesteblan utilecon de Esperanto. Kvankam ne estas linio, eble, en kiu mankas eraro, la tuta poemo estas facile komprenebla al lerta esperantisto kiel estas lia propra lingvo. Kaj certe la japano trovas en Esperanto esprimilon de 1* pensoj tiel utilan, post ses monatoj da studado, kiel estas la angla lingvo post tiom da jaroj. Lasu al spertaj esperantisto] la interdiskutadon pri la stilo internacia; lasu al filologoj la nesenteblajn al ordinara homo diferencojn inter la parolmanieroj; sed la plej grava fakto ankoraŭ restas, kaj per gi la lingvo vivas kaj vivos : La homoj de malsamaj naciecoj sin komprenas reciproke per Esperanto 1 MIA lando estas ne kie, en kiu staras Fuge monto belega; Ĝi estas ne kie, en kiu vi povas trovi GeiŜa-knabinojn beletajn Mia lando estas ne kie, en kiu staras la Suna-frago [flago] ; Ĝi estas ne kie, en kiu naskigis adomiralo Togo. Mia lando estas kie, en kiu homeco estas altlevita; Ĝi estas kie, en kiu geviroj guas je ilia gusteco; Mia lando estas kie, en kiu glacia tavolo de gente-malamoj estas rompita eterne; Ĝi estas kie, en kiu homaroj povas fratigi en la velda-arbaro de libereco. Permesu al regoj fierigi de ilia sankta sango; Permesu al nobloj insisti sur ilia privilego heredinta; Permesu al patriotoj morti por ilia regna celo ; Sed mia lando pli malproksimigas el la tia barbara. Mia lando estas kie, en kiu unu homo ne povas regi; Ne trono, ne titolo, ne senenergia nobloj ; Gi estas kie, en kiu homo povas stari kiel homo, naivega kaj pura; Kiel la blua Cielo kiu streĉas large kaj libere. Permesu al nacioj paroli sub ilia frago; Permesu al rasoj pensi pri sin kiel Dio elektita; Por ilia propra kaj ĉiu alia celo ; Sed mia lando pova; neniam esti tie. En la geografio de 1' homa progreso ; Unu nacio ne povas stari izolige ; ĉiuj popoloj estas penadanta por unu celo; Kaj tie ankaŭ je 1' mia lando sin trovi. Digitized by Google 57 PAGO DE LA HUMORO Malrapida Veturado "Kio okazis ? " Demandis vojaganto sur sudusona fervojo, rimarkinda pli pro singardemo ol pro rapideco, tuj kiam la vagonaro senmoviĝis meze de verdaj kampoj. "Bovino sur la vojo," mallonge re- spondis la gardisto. "Kio nun?" demandis la vojaganto unu horon pli poste, kiam la vagonaro ree haltis. "Alproksimiĝis ree al la bovino," blekis la gardisto. —Tradukis Wm. Ampt Esperanto Estus Utila "'Tie Ci oni parolas Ciujn la ling- ■vojn,' la subskribo france videbla super la pordoj de multaj restoracioj en Parizo, -ne estas tute trompema," diris bone konata Nov-Jorkulo, kiu "transiras" du foje jare. Li foje en kafejo diris al restoraciisto kiu elmontrigis tian surskribaĵon : "Vi certe devas havi tie Ĉi multajn tradukistojn, Cu ne ? " Neniun ajn. "Kiu do parolas ĉiujn tiujn Ĉi ling- vojn ? " "La klientoj, sinjoro." Difektaj Okuloj "Vi ne povas eniri tien Ci per duon- preza bileto," ekkriis la pordisto ĉe la cirko. "Mi pensis, ke mi povas," sin sen- kulpigis la urbetano. "Mi havas neper- fekton okulon, kaj mi antaupensis vidi nur duono da la amuzmontraĵo". "Tiuokaze vi devos akiri du biletojn," •diris la pordisto. "Se vi havos nur unu bonan okulon, vi bezonos dufoje tiel longe por vidi la amuzmontrajon." —Tradukis Rev. Eckel Surprizita Muzeisto La posedanto de dekcenda muzeo estis vizitanta domon en la kamparo, kie li vidis homon Ŝajne maljuna nur sesdek- kvin jarojn. "Kiel maljuna estas vi ?" demandis la unue nomita. "Mi havas naŭdek kvin jarojn," re- spondis la demandito. "Vi min mirigis. Mi povas apenaŭ ĝin kredi," daŭrigis la muzea homo. "Mi deziras dungi vin por mia muzeo, tial ke vi interesos multe da vizitantoj pro via viveco. Mi volas pagi al vi po dudek kvin dolaroj Ciusemajne. Venu 1 iru kun mi." "Mi tre dankas al vi, sed mi unue devas konsiliĝi kun mia patro. Mi ne- niam faras ion sen lia konsento," diris la maljunulo. "Ree vi min surprizas. Via patro ! Cu via estas vivanta ? Kie estas li ?" Tiel parolis la komercisto en kuriozaĵoj. "Ho! Jes," respondis la maljunulo; "mia patro estas en la domo supre kaj estas okupata metante mian avon en ban liton. Atendu minuton ! Li saltegos malsupren tien Ci tre baldaŭ." —Tradukis Wm. Ampt it La Beleco de Laboro La beleco de la laboro dependas de kia intenco ĝi estos entreprenata. Ek- zemple Cu, matene, oni atakas ĝin kiel malamiko kiun li devas venki antaŭ ol la nokto alvenos ; aŭ Cu li malfermas la okulojn kun kora bonvolo al la leviĝanta suno kiel amiko kiu, tutatage, preparos lin carman gastadon kaj kiu, vespere, certigos lin ke eĉ la laciganta penado de la tago pasita estas farita memorinda. —El Lucy Larcom, tradukis Carl Hoffman Digitized by Google 58 NI IRU REKTE ANTAŬEN LET US GO STRAIGHTFORWARD EN LA marta numero de Amerika Esperantisto unu Cefa artikolo nomis la Delegacion de Lernejoj kaj la agitadon rezultintan el la penoj de kelkaj eminentaj francoj alformigi Espe- ranton al siaj ideoj pri lingvo internacia, "ventego en tekruCo." Kun nia kutima privilegia nekonformeco ni poste donis tri paĝojn en la aprila numero al cirkulera letero de Dro. Zamenhof pri tiu sama afero, kaj tie Ci oferos plimulte da spaco al klarigo pri la ventego, kaj pri tio, el kio gi rezultas. La "reformistoj," Sroj. Couturat, Leau kaj aliuj, nun jam eldonis la unuan numeron de revuo, kiu antaŭ- metas iomdetale iliajn celojn kaj pro- gramon de agado. Hi nomas la eldonaĵon Progreso, kaj gi estas presita parte en Esperanto kaj parte en nova lingvo kiu similas Esperanton. Guste tiom la simileco sin montras oni povas vidi, kom- parante la jenajn paralelajn paragraf- ojn : Precize eti1 tilt li loko /rutins sin esenca dcmando: konsentite, kc lingvo internacia estas nreesa , ke arte/arita lingvo estas kapabla* plenigi tiuin li poslulojn, kial estos eble starigi kaj konservi sistemon untifoje elektitan I Nenia d'legi/aro paras' malhclpi, ke'" novaj sis/cmoj apcros. Tiun Ci lingvon niaj bonaj amikoj elektas nomi Esperanto Simpligita. Ta- men, la supra paragrafo, elektita post kelkminuta serĉado Car gi estis la plej facile tradukebla en Esperanton, konfor- IN the March number of Amerika Es- perantisto an editorial characterized, the Delegation of Academies and the agitation resulting from efforts of certain eminent Frenchmen to "conform" Espe- ranto to their ideas of an international language, as a "tempest in a teapot." With our usual privileged inconsistency we then devoted three pages in the April issue to a circular letter by Dr. Zamen- hof, concerning the same affair, and shall here give more space to an explanation of the tempest, and what it is all about. The "reformers," Messrs. Couturat, Leau and others, have now issued the first number of a magazine which sets forth at some length their purposes and plan of action. They call the publica- tion Progrcso and it is printed partly in Esperanto and partly in the new lang- uage which resembles Esperanto. Just how far the resemblance goes may be seen by comparing these parallel para- graphs : Juste en1 ica loko* impozas su esencala questiono : koncesate, ke3 linguo internac- iona esas necesa , ke artijicala linguo esas kapabla plenigar ica kondieioni, quale esos ebla starigar e konservar sistemo1 unfoye elektita31 Nula komisilaro povas" impedar, ke'" nuva sistcmi aparas. This language our good friends choose to call Esperanto Simplified. Yet the above paragraph, selected after a few minutes' search because it was most easily translated into Esperanto, agrees Digitized by Google AMERIKA ELPERANTISTO 59 migas kun la esperanta teksto laŭ dek vortoj el eblaj tridek naŭ, eĉ nekalkul- ante unu vorton kiu okazas trifoje I Kiel, ja, ebliĝos konservi unu sistemon, se du aŭ tri sinjoroj leviĝos frumatene kaj Sanĝos sepdek tri centonojn el la vortoj en la lingvo ? kaj se tio, kio estis bona Esperanto Ce la hodiaŭa tagmanĝo estos Primitiva Esperanto (I I I I) kaj antikva ce la morgaŭa matenmanĝo ? car sciigu, ke niaj amikoj nun nomas la lingvon de Zamenhof Primitiva Esperanto. La tuta ideo, ke unu aŭ du, aŭ cent aŭ mil aŭ dek mil personoj povas for- porti lingvon kiu estas parolata, skribata kaj presata de miliono da homoj en la mondo, kaj gin tiom Sanĝi, ke eĉ la pro- pra patrino gin ne rekonus, havas tian romanaĉan Ŝajnon kaj tiom similas nian amerikan diron pri "forSteli ruĝbrulan fornon" ke oni ne devas alproksimiĝi gin sen vigla sento de 1' komedio. Tamen se, kiel oni deklaras, ne estas krimo forSteli lingvon, aŭ forporti kaj distranĉi vortaron, ni primitivaj esper- antistoj devas profiti tion kaj alpreni Ĉiun efektivan plibonigon kiu ne malhelpos nian propagandon aŭnuligos larezultojn de la longa laboro, kiu konstruis la ideon pri lingvo internacia en praktikan for- mon. La "simpligita" Esperanto, kiun la du estimataj parizidoj proponas al ni, portas Ciujn signojn, ke gi estis fuSita laŭ volema, infana, petolema maniero; kaj grande la plimulto el la Sangoj, kiujn ili proponas, estas grave dubindaj rilate sia pliboneco, efi ne konsiderante la fak- ton, ke San go estas per si mem afero Ciam evitinda kiam eble. Estas tute kvazaŭ du infanoj el Kansas decidigus ke bovino devas esti nomata moo, kiu estas la internacia infana nomo por tiu nobla kaj donema besto; kaj, trovinte with the Esperanto text in ten places out of a possible thirty-nine, even count- ing one word which occurs three times 1 How, indeed, will it be possible to main- tain one system, if two or three gentle- men are to get up early in the morning and change seventy-three per cent of the words in the language ? And if that which was good Esperanto at today's dinner is to be Primitive Esperanto (l 1 l) and behind the times at tomorrow's breakfast ? For be it known that our friends now style the language of Zam- enhof Primitive Esperanto. The whole idea of one or two, or a hundred or thousand or ten thousand people being able to kidnap a language which is spoken, written and printed by a million persons throughout the world, and change it so its own mother wouldn't know it has such a dime-novel effect and so closely resembles our American hyper- bole about stealing a red-hot stove, that it should not be approached without a strong sense of humor. But if, as these gentlemen claim, there is no crime in stealing a language or kid- naping and mutilating a vocabulary, we primitive Esperantists ought to profit by that and adopt every real improvement which will not result in hindering our propaganda or in nullifying the results of the long labor which has built up the international language idea into a prac- tical form. The "simplified" Esperanto which the two esteemed Parisites are offering us bears every mark of having been tinkered in a willful, childish, whimsical manner ; and by far the major- ity of the changes they offer are open to gravest doubts as to their superiority, even not considering the fact that a change is of itself a thing to be avoided when possible. It is quite as if two Kansas infants should decide that a cow should be called a "moo," which is the Digitized by Google 6o AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO lamar, k.t.p., anstataŭus la anglajn vortojn cow, cattle, calves, bellows, k.s., kaj tion nomus la angla lingvo simpligita. kvindek mil frankojn flosantajn malzorge supren laŭ la rivero Kaw, kaj eldonus broŝuron en kiu moo, moot mooiili, mook- Tamen, la esperantistoj certe sin trompos se ili kredos, keili povas nenion lerni de Sroj. Couturat, Leau kaj iliaj kunagantoj. Tiu Ĉi artikolo estas skrib- ata per skribmaŝino, kiu enhavas kelkajn dekduojn da plibonigoj post la unua modelo. Tamen, oni povas facile sin turni de tiu ĉi al m'aSino farita antaŭ dudek jaroj, kaj uzi lamalnovan maŝinon kun tuta facileco. Sed je Ĉiu nova ideo alprenita en la konstruo de la nova ma- Sino, cent aŭ mil ideoj estis proponitaj. La neboneco en la Simpligita Esperanto fiajnas, ke la simpligistoj akceptis ĉiun novan ideon, kiu venis en iliajn kapojn. Estas la privilegio kaj devo de la esper- antistoj akcepti Ciun bonan ideon, kiun ili proponas, kaj rifuzi la ceterajn. Ekzemple, se la sufikso oz, kiu signifas "plena je," aŭ iv, "kiu povas," estas bonaj kaj valoraj aldonoj al la vortaro de Esperanto, ni senŝancele uzu ilin. Aliflanke, la simpligistoj havos iom pli grandan taskon por fari se ili esperas konvinkigi nin ke tiaj netaŭgaj literoj kiaj x kaj q prave apertenas al internacia lingvo. Laŭfakte, niaj eminentaj amikoj, kiuj eldonas Progreso sin montras rimar- kinde kapablaj progresi malantaŭen, supren-malsupren kaj flanken dekstre- maldekstre, tiel bone kiel antaŭen. Sed ili sin deklaras tute helpemaj en sia sintenado al Esperanto. Do la espe- antistoj devas elpensi rimedojn, per kiuj ni povos kapti la tutan inercion de la international baby term for that noble and generous beast, and having found fifty thousand francs floating idly up the Kaw river, should publish a brochure in which moo, moot, mooidi, mooklamar, etc.» would supplant the English terms "cow," "cattle," "calves," "bellow," and the like, and call that Simplified English. Yet the Esperantists will certainly de- ceive themselves if they decide that they have nothing to learn from Messrs. Couturat and Leau and their colleagues. This article is being written upon a type- writer which contains dozens of improve- ments over the original model. Yet one could turn readily from this to a machine made twenty years ago and use the old machine with perfect ease. For every new idea accepted in the making of a new machine, a hundred or a thousand have been proposed. The trouble with the Simplified Esperanto seems that the simplifiers have accepted every new idea that popped into their heads. It is the privilege and duty of the Esperantists to- accept every good idea they propose and reject all the rest. For example, if the suffix oz, meaning" "full of," or iv, meaning "that can," are good and valuable additions to the vocabulary of Esperanto, let's by all means make good use of them. On the other hand, the "simplifiers" will have a somewhat larger task in store if they expect to convince us that such discred- ited letters as x and q belong in an international language. In fact our dis- tinguished friends who publish Progreso have shown themselves remarkably cap- able of progressing backwards, up-and- down and side-wise in both directions, as well as forward. But they claim to be wholly helpful in their attitude toward Esperanto. The Esperantists, therefore, must devise means by which we can seize all the Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO 61 antaŭenaj movoj, kiujn ili faras, sam- tempe gardante kontraŭ iliaj malantaŭ- enaj baraktoj kaj la danĝeroj sekvaj el larĝa kaj sencela deflankiĝo. Oni povas gajni nenion, per aŭ timoaŭ malamikeco kontraŭ tiuj kies celo estas identa kun la nia—la tutmonda alpreno de lingvo in- ternacia. La plendo, ke ne ekzistas reprezenta korporacio de esperantistoj al kiuj oni povus turni pri proponitaj plibonigoj, novaj vortoj, sufiksoj k.t.p., ne estas sen fondo. La Lingva Komitato ne Sajnas reprezenti la esperantistojn laŭ ia precizigita piano. Membroj de tiu aro ne estas elektitaj de la esperantistoj de la nacioj, kiujn ili supoze reprezentas. Laŭ granda mezuro, estas tiu vera manko de aŭtoritateco, la senpoveco fari la pli- bonigojn, kiujn Ĉiu konsentas devas farigi, kio ebligis al la "simpligistoj" fabriki pli malpli taŭgan kialon por el- treni el sia nesto tiun timegindan Frank- enstein'an kreaĵon Ido por fortimigi la homaron de la internacilingva ideo. Sed ne sufiCas, ke estraj esperantistoj ripetas kel a Bulonja Deklaracio lasas spacon por nelimigita aldonado kaj pli- bonigo, se ni persiste daŭrigas staton de aferoj, kiu neebligas tion. . Ni havu aŭtoritatan, reprezentan Lin- gvan Komitaton, kapablan por elektadi kaj aprobadi novan materialon, kaj ka- pablan ankaŭ manbati ĝis obeiĝo tiujn egoismajn infanojn, kiuj minacas dispece piedbati la tutan ludadometon se ili ne ricevos la deziraĵon je la tuja, nuna mo- mento 1 Ni daŭrigu la movadon ; sed— Ni iru rckte antaŭen! momentum of the forward moves they make, and ward off the resistance of their backward struggles and the dangers in- cident to wide and aimless oscillation. Nothing is to be gained by either fear or hostility towards those whose purpose is identical with our own—the world-wide adoption of an international language. The complaint that there is no repre- sentative body of Esperantists to which proposed improvements, new words, suf- fixes, etc., can be referred, is not with- out foundation. The Lingva Komiiato does not seem to represent the Esperan- tists according to any definite plan. Members of that body are not elected by the Esperantists of the nations they are supposed to represent. In a great measure it is this very lack of authority, the inability to make the improvements which everybody will admit ought to be made, which has enabled the "simpli- fiers" to construct a more or less plaus- ible excuse for dragging from its lair this fearsome Frankenstein creation Ido to frighten the public away from the in- ternational language idea. It is of no avail for leading Esperan- tists to repeat that the Boulogne Declar- ation leaves room for unlimited addition and improvement, if we persistently continue a state of affairs which makes these things impossible. Let us have an authorized, represen- tative Language Committee, capable of selecting and recommending new mater- ial, and capable also of decorously spanking into submission the egotistical babies who threaten to kick to pieces the whole play-house if they don't get what they want, this minute 1 Let us keep-moving ; but— Let us go straight forward! Digitized by Google ■62 EXERCISE FOR BEGINNERS La komenc'ant'o, kiu stud'as Esper- anto'n je la unu'a foj'o, ne dev'as pens i, ke la sign'o'j (''''') est'as part'o de la lingv'o. Hi nur montr'as la divid'o'j'n inter la vort'a'j radik'o'j kaj la pur'e gramatik'a'j element'o'j. Ekzempl'e: est1, la pur'a radik'o, en'hav'as en si ne'definit'a'n signif'o'n pri• ekzist'ec'o; sed est'as konstat'as, aŭ deklar'as, la fakt'o'n de ekzist'ec'o en la nun a temp o. Post iom da praktik'o, la lern'ant'o pov'os facil'e disting'i inter la radik'o kaj la gramatik'a sign'o. Antaŭ ol leg'i, •oni dev'as lern'i parker'e la sign'o'j'n delagramatik'o, kaj ankaŭ la prefiks'o'j'n kaj sufiks'o'j'n, pres'it'a'j'n sur alia paĝo. Du Ŝafidoj estis sur sendanĝera paŝ- tejo ; la hundoj dormis, kaj la paStisto en la ombro de granda ulmo ludis fluton kun najbaraj paŝtistoj. Malsata lupo rimarkis tra fendoj de 1' ĉirkaŭbaro la staton de 1' aro. Juna nesperta Safido, kiu vidis ankoraŭ ne multon, ekparolis al ĝi. "Kion vi serĉas ĉi tie ? " diris ĝi al la glutulo. "Herbon delikatan kaj florantan," diris la lupo. "Vi scias, ke nenio estas pli dolĉa, ol sin paSti sur verda herbejo kolorita de floroj por kvietigi la mal- saton, kaj sattrinki en klara rivereto : mi trovas Ĉi tie ambaŭ plezurojn. Kion oni povas plu postuli ? Mi amas la filo- zofion, kiu instruas sin kontentigi per malmulto." "Vi do efektive ne mangas bestan viandon" diris la Safido, "kaj iom da herbo sufiĉas al vi ? Se tiel estas, ni vivu kiel fratoj kaj ni nin paStu kune." La Safido, dirinte tion, iris trans la ■Cirkaŭbaron kaj la filozofo tuj disSiris ĝin kaj englutis. The beginner, who is studying Esper- anto for the first time, must not think that the signs (''''') are a part of the language. They only show the divisions between the word-roots and the purely grammatical elements. For example, est', the pure root, has in itself an indefi- nite significance concerning existence; but est'as establishes, or declares, the fact of existence in the present time. After a little (of) practice, the learner will be able easily to distinguish between the root and the grammatical sign. Be- fore reading (than to read), one should learn by heart the signs of the grammar, and also the prefixes and suffixes, printed on another page. Two lambs were in [on] a safe pasture ; the dogs slept, and the shepherd in the shade of a great elm played a flute with neighboring shepherds. A hungry wolf observed through the cracks of the fence the state of the flock. A young inex- perienced lamb, who had not yet seen much, spoke to it. "What are you seeking here?" said it to the glutton. "Delicate and blooming grass," said the wolf. "You know, that nothing is more sweet, than to pasture oneself on a green meadow covered with flowers, [for] to quiet the hunger, and to drink to satiety in a clear brook ; find here I both pleasures. What more can a per- son ask ? I love [the] philosophy which teaches to content oneself with little. "You actually do not eat animal flesh ? " said the lamb, "and a little [of] grass is sufficient for [to] you 1 " If so [it] is, [let] us live as brothers and [let] us pasture together." The lamb, having said that, went over the fence and the philosopher im- mediately tore it to pieces and swallowed it. Digitized by Google THE CHAUTAUQUA CONGRESS ARTHUR BAKER NO ESPERANTIST of America should fail to grasp the impor- tance of the approaching con- vention at Chautauqua. A great organ- ization, made up of thinking people, who realize that something always remains to be learned, has taken up the Esper- anto propaganda for us. The magnifi- cent organization it has built in thirty- three years, its influence reaching to every state in the union, will be at our command the moment we prove our- selves worthy of such support. If we "make good" in this convention and Esperanto Week, the members and pa- trons of Chautauqua, on returning to their homes, will enlist for our cause leaders in thought and action throughout the country. Chautauquans are alive. Not only, then, ought we to attend this convention in as great numbers as possible, but we should be prepared while we are together, to outline a national organization, and a national campaign which will have for its object the creation of an Esperanto work- ing body in every state and province of North America. This can, and should, and will be brought about by the American Esperanto Association. Owing to the circumstances under which it was formed, this organ- ization has always been a temporary body, lacking the stability of a perma- nent organization. While through the personal work and self-sacrifice of the individuals who have been active in its affairs this association has accomplished much in the way of propaganda, there are thousands and many more thousands of Esperantiŝts in the country who do not belong to the organization. We need a national association poss- essing sufficient vitality to put organizers in the field and create local societies. This is no dream. It must, can, and shall be done. The time and occasion are the Week of July 20, in Chautauqua. Cheap rail- way fares, a place where the very climate and surroundings tend to good humor and enthusiasm, and the help of a great and long-established popular university make the conditions especially favorable. The Fifth Congress can be secured for America. The Fifth Congress will come to America. But it will not come on the invitation of the American Esperanto Association in its present unorganized state, and we must get together in Chautauqua and see this thing through. Let everybody at- tend who can. Let each one who can, create a local organization in his own home town and attend Chautauqua as its accredited representative. Get the ideas of your friends as to what are the best methods of organization and propaganda. In the mean time, the columns of this magazine are open for the discussion of this same topic. Inasmuch as hundreds of the readers of Amerika Espcrantisto seem like friends personally known to me, I am going to outline a few of my Digitized by Google '62 EXERCISE FOR BEGINNERS La komenc'ant'o, kiu stud'as Esper- anto'n je la unu'a foj'o, ne dev'as pens'i, ke la sign'o'j (''''') est'as part'o de la lingv'o. Hi nur montr'as la divid'o'j'n inter la' vort'a'j radik'o'j kaj la pur'e gramatik'a'j element'o'j. Ekzempl'e: est1, la pur'a radik'o, en'hav'as en si ne'definit'a'n signif'o'n pri- ekzist'ec'o; sed est'as konstat'as, aŭ deklar'as, la fakt'o'n de ekzist'ec'o en la nun a temp'o. Post iom da praktik'o, la lern'ant'o pov'os facil'e disting'i inter la radik'o kaj la gramatik'a sign'o. Antaŭ ol leg'i, ■oni dev'as lern'i parker'e la sign'o'j'n delagramatik'o, kaj ankaŭ la prefiks'o'j n kaj sufiks'o'j'n, pres'it'a'j'n sur alia paĝo. Du Ŝafidoj estis sur sendangera paS- tejo ; la hundoj dormis, kaj la paStisto en la ombro de granda ulmo ludis fluton kun najbaraj paŝtistoj. Malsata lupo rimarkis tra fendoj de 1' Cirkaŭbaro la staton de 1' aro. Juna nesperta Ŝafido, kiu vidis ankoraŭ ne multon, ekparolis alĝi. "Kion vi serĉas Ci tie ? " diris ĝi al la glutulo. "Herbon delikatan kaj florantan," diris la lupo. "Vi scias, ke nenio estas pli dolĉa, ol sin paŝti sur verda herbejo kolorita de floroj por kvietigi la mal- saton, kaj sattrinki en klara rivereto: mi trovas Ci tie ambaŭ plezurojn. Kion oni povas plu postuli ? Mi amas la filo- zofion, kiu instruas sin kontentigi per malmulto." "Vi do efektive ne mangas bestan viandon" diris la Ŝafido, "kaj iom da herbo sufiĉas al vi ? Se tiel estas, ni vivu kiel fratoj kaj ni nin paŝtu kune." La Ŝafido, dirinte tion, iris trans la ■Cirkaŭbaron kaj la filozofo tuj disŝiris ĝin kaj englutis- The beginner, who is studying Esper- anto for the first time, must not think that the signs (''''') are a part of the language. They only show the divisions between the word-roots and the purely grammatical elements. For example, est', the pure root, has in itself an indefi- nite significance concerning existence ; but est'as establishes, or declares, the fact of existence in the present time. After a little (of) practice, the learner will be able easily to distinguish between the root and the grammatical sign. Be- fore reading (than to read), one should learn by heart the signs of the grammar, and also the prefixes and suffixes, printed on another page. Two lambs were in [on] a safe pasture ; the dogs slept, and the shepherd in the shade of a great elm played a flute with neighboring shepherds. A hungry wolf observed through the cracks of the fence the state of the flock. A young inex- perienced lamb, who had not yet seen much, spoke to it. "What are you seeking here?" said it to the glutton. "Delicate and blooming grass," said the wolf. "You know, that nothing is more sweet, than to pasture oneself on a green meadow covered with flowers, [for] to quiet the hunger, and to drink to satiety in a clear brook ; find here I both pleasures. What more can a per- son ask ? I love [the] philosophy which teaches to content oneself with little. "You actually do not eat animal flesh ? " said the lamb, "and a little [of] grass is sufficient for [to] you 1 " If so [it] is, [let] us live as brothers and [let] us pasture together." The lamb, having said that, went over the fence and the philosopher im- mediately tore it to pieces and swallowed it. Digitized by Google THE CHAUTAUQUA CONGRESS ARTHUR BAKER NO ESPERANTIST of America should fail to grasp the impor- tance of the approaching con- vention at Chautauqua. A great organ- ization, made up of thinking people, who realize that something always remains to be learned, has taken up the Esper- anto propaganda for us. The magnifi- cent organization it has built in thirty- three years, its influence reaching to every state in the union, will be at our command the moment we prove our- selves worthy of such support. If we "make good" in this convention and Esperanto Week, the members and pa- trons of Chautauqua, on returning to their homes, will enlist for our cause leaders in thought and action throughout the country. Chautauquans are alive. Not only, then, ought we to attend this convention in as great numbers as possible, but we should be prepared while we are together, to outline a national organization, and a national campaign which will have for its object the creation of an Esperanto work- ing body in every state and province of North America. This can, and should, and will be brought about by the American Esperanto Association. Owing to the circumstances under which it was formed, this organ- ization has always been a temporary body, lacking the stability of a perma- nent organization. While through the personal work and self-sacrifice of the individuals who have been active in its affairs this association has accomplished much in the way of propaganda, there are thousands and many more thousands of Esperantists in the country who do not belong to the organization. We need a national association poss- essing sufficient vitality to put organizers in the field and create local societies. This is no dream. It must, can, and shall be done. The time and occasion are the Week of July 20, in Chautauqua. Cheap rail- way fares, a place where the very climate and surroundings tend to good humor and enthusiasm, and the help of a great and long-established popular university make the conditions especially favorable. The Fifth Congress can be secured for America. The Fifth Congress will come to America. But it will not come on the invitation of the American Esperanto Association in its present unorganized state, and we must get together in Chautauqua and see this thing through. Let everybody at- tend who can. Let each one who can, create a local organization in his own home town and attend Chautauqua as its accredited representative. Get the ideas of your friends as to what are the best methods of organization and propaganda. In the mean time, the columns of this magazine are open for the discussion of this same topic. Inasmuch as hundreds of the readers of Amerika Esperantisto seem like friends personally known to me, I am going to outline a few of my Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO own ideas, and ask you to help sift the good from the bad, or rather the practical from the impractical: The affairs of the association should, of course, be managed by some elective body, preferably chosen according to per capita representation. I suggest that, as the usual vice-president is purely or- namental and soon loses his enthusiasm, we create a Konsilantaro composed of the vice-presidents of the several state organizations ; permitting each member to cast the entire vote of the paid-up- and-in-good-standing Esperantists of his own state. For example, the California member would cast one thousand votes if there are that many Esperantists in his state, while the Delaware konsilanto would cast perhaps two dozen votes. Thus to each state is given the oppor- tunity either to increase or decrease its voice in general affairs, accordingly as it promotes organization or permits the propaganda to relax. This council would of course delegate most of its powers, subject to immediate recall, to an execu- tive committee small in number, but big in enthusiasm and ability. But the executive branch of the organ- ization is unimportant as compared with the propaganda part. Where no state organization exists, the national body should be empowered to establish a tem- porary one by appointing officers who would register the names of members and complete the organization under pre- scribed regulations. Persons possessing the necessary qual- ifications should be appointed as organ- izers, receiving credentials from both the state and national organizations. These organizers should receive the greater part, if not the whole, of every initiation fee, to enable them to keep up the work of organization. Furthermore, they could readily promote their own prosperity by supplying text-books, lit- erature, etc. Always the propaganda department should keep in mind the fact that the organizer must be kept moving, and every effort made to have his work pro- fitable for him. We have no right to ask that young men and women sacrifice whole years of their life to propaganda without recompense, and moreover we have no reason for expecting that they will do so in great numbers. These are the two main points : Our organization must be so broad and rep- resentative that it will command the confidence of Europe, obtain for us the Fifth Congress, and enlist the best work of all Americans by way of prepar- ing for the congress. Its propaganda must be organized on a self-sustaining basis, and keep itself in motion. The question is not "Can we support such an organization?" It is merely "How shall we best make the organiza- tion support itself and supply its own means of growth?" Chautauqua is the place to talk it over. Are you coming? ft YOU have a correspondent in Europe—perhaps a dozen. Between now and Monday, write each a letter telling him that America wants the next Esperanto Congress and won't be happy till she gets it. Digitized by Google PRONUNCIATION PROF. BENFDICT PAPOT— EDMOND PRIVAT—ARTHUR BAKER Within the past few months a certain unrest has been perceptible in the United States concerning the pronunciation of Esperanto. This is praiseworthy and jxrfectly natural. It shows the interest the language is arousing and is but the ixipular expression of the doubts held at the beginning by scientists, but it ought not to assume a magnitude which shall prevent anyone from' learning Esperanto. It is an undeniable scientific fact that no two persons pronounce exactly alike and that the same person pronounces dif- ferently in different circumstances. This dialectical variation will increase as the distance between localities increases; yet, though employing very dissimilar pro- nunciation, an American understands an Englishman; a Prussian, a Swiss ; and a Parisian, a Frenchman from Southern France. Experience has demonstrated in the several Esperanto congresses that the difference between the Esperanto of a Russian and that of an Englishman is much less than the difference between the English spoken by an Englishman and an inhabitant of the western United States. Is there an absolute standard for Es- peranto ? No. There is not and there cannot be. That will take care of itself. Let the beginner make a clear differentia- tion between the vowel sounds: a, e, i, o, it, as uttered in the English words: par, pear, pier, pore, poor, pronounced briskly, so that one vowel cannot, in any combi- nation, be mistaken for another; let him accent the next to the last svllable in all words of more than one syllable: and let him pronounce every syllable ; and he will be understood by all other Esper- antists. This list of words is Mr. Twom- bly's and it is the most satisfactory list that has yet been proposed. How to Divide Words Into Syllables. 1. Separate them into their gram- matical or radical elements. 1. In any element, a consonant be- tween two vowels forms a syllable with the second vowel; if there are more than one consonant between two vowels, the first consonant belongs to the first vowel and closes the syllable, and the other or others go with the second vowel. Exam- ples : a-bo-mc-nin-dajn, spek-tak-lo, dc- prc-ni. Pronunciation. That is all one needs to know about syllabification. As to pronunciation, try- to utter each vowel in the same way every time. Of course you cannot do this. Nobody does who speaks with any fluency. Involuntarily you will pro- nounce a vowel ending a syllable with a shade of difference from the vowel in a syllable ending wfith a consonant. Do not let that worry you. And you will find a tendency to lengthen the accented vowel sometimes. That also is harmless. Of course if you desire to become a professional teacher or an elocutionist in Esperanto you will need to study pho- netics. Rut this is another story. Do not make a mountain of a mole hill. Abide by: par, pear, pier, pore, poor; pronounce every syllable, remember the accent. Join your city club and watch the pronunciation of others. One utter- ance will be more pleasant than the rest, neither dragging in a monotonous wail nor choppy and jerky. Imitate the most harmonious and you will be so nearly right that you need not worry. Learn the language first and do not begin endless and useless discussions Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO about shades of pronunciation until you can do so in Esperanto. Remember that some of the shades in the vowel pronun- ciation of languages are indistinguishable to many persons. A satisfactory treatise upon Esperanto pronunciation for English-speaking peo- ple has yet to be written. If you know French, you will find "Pri la Elparo- lado de Esperanto," by Gaston Moch, to be very good, although he does not men- tion the latest authorities in his refer- ences. But it is written in Esperanto and is not available to beginners. Continue your study! Do not worry! and if you possibly can, come to Chautauqua and hear the other Esperantists talk. Benedict Papot. BY EDMOND PRIVAT. (Translated from original in Esperanto.) People have written to me that every- where I have been there is now some discussion as to the pronunciation of the vowels in Esperanto. I am very glad of that and hope it will bring about good results. Our language is very euphonious, and everybody can pronounce it beauti- fully and fluently, if he understands that the pronunciation is natural and simple. For a long time there was an error in the French text-books concerning the pronunciation of the vowels, but follow- ing a remark of Dr. Zamenhof at the Boulogne Congress this has been cor- rected. But in several English books, especially those of Mr. O'Connor, is pre- served the statement that the vowels should always be long, and because many learners strive to pronounce them thus, they speak the language badly and with difficulty. My advice is: Be natural and simple! Dr. Zamenhof pronounces the vowels very short and only lengthens them some- what when they are accented. To give English word-models for the pronuncia- tion of the Esperanto vowels is well-nigh impossible, because the Esperanto sounds are nearer to the Spanish and Italian vowels; hut one may try to find the most similar sounds. For some time I thought that the words "America, there, big, for, push," were sufficiently near the Esper- anto sounds; but those words are pro- nounced differently in different parts of the United States and England, and con- sequently the model is quite useless. Mr. Twombly, in agreement with Mr. Mil- lidge and other Esperantists, has accept- ed "par, pear, pier, pore, poor," which seem to me very good. One can add "boy" and "buy" for the plurals ending in "oj" and "aj." And never pronounce too long! Edmond Privat. Elgin, 111., April 20. EDITOR'S COMMENT. In selecting the five words to repre- sent the five vowel sounds, "par, pear, pier, pore, poor," the temptation to allit- erate has brought in a word which by no means represents the correct sound to the average American. Not less than nine-tenths of all Americans pronounce "pear" with a sound exactly similar to the vowel which is short in "cat, rat, hat, bad, man," and long in "fair, share, rare, ware, tear, declare," etc. The writer dis- tinctly remembers that in the sentence "Can you pare a pear with a pair of shears ?" no distinction in sound was made in the grammar school which he attended in the middle west. So when you accept "pear" as a model for the Esperanto sound of e, remember that it ' is />ehr. Mr. Privat's use of "America, there, big. for, push," was, as he now says, misleading to Americans, for the reason that he pronounces the words as a Frenchman would naturally pronounce them. And it would seem almost un- necessary for the French to advise us to shorten the third vowel, at least, for surely the Frenchmen of fact as well as the comic supplements say cet ccs. In conclusion, I want to say this as to the models given in The American Esper- anto Book : This book was written after a careful study of the Cox Grammar and Commentary, then the latest English text- book. The models given were selected with consideration of the average Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO American's equipment for language study and his average pronunciation. Since writing the book, I have met French, Russian, Bohemian, Norwegian, Danish, Bulgarian, Swedish, German, Dutch and Spanish Esperantists, experi- encing not the slightest difficulty in un- derstanding and being understood by all; nor have 1 had the slightest difficulty in understanding any local Esperantist, whether he had studied Bullen, O'Con- nor, Cox, Iloveler or anybody else. It is highly probable that the drawl of which Mr. Privat has complained in our people comes more from the fact that few of them have learned the language well enough to roll out their sentences rapidly and with ease, than from a misunder- standing as to the tone quality of the vowels. Summing up my experience of the past fifteen months, I have now no changes to offer in the text of my book, except perhaps to say that one should not attempt to give exact measure to the length of the vowels, but pronounce easily and naturally. Then, when the American has mastered the language he will not have the funereal drag, nor will he have the gatling-gun rattle of the Russian tongue. The main thing is to get your vocabulary thoroughly assim- ilated, and you then need have no fear of not being able to make yourself correctly understood. Arthur Baker. Our New One of the new features which will be embodied in the 64-page Amerika Espcrantisto which is to be, with a little more encouragement from the readers, will be an opinion department written by the readers themselves. We want to encourage the frank and concise expres- sion of opinions by those whose patron- age is the basis of our existence as a magazine. Short letters on any subject connected with Esperanto will be wel- comed. For example, in response to our special offer regarding public libraries, published in the April number and repeat- ed in the May issue, under the heading, "Is Your Town Library 'Loaded'?" we received the following letter from Mr. Frank N. Dodd, 150 West Fortieth Street. New York City: Gentlemen: 1 think an excellent field of extension under your "public library" plan would be, all the "junior" university clubs, or the regular university clubs of smaller cities. The members of these clubs are largely young alumni and likely to be at- tracted by an easy study having so much of logic to commend it and to sustain the interest when once started. Tn Xew York I would suggest such as the following: Yale Club, Harvard Club. Columbia University Club, Cornell Club, Princeton Club, and the University Club of Providence, R. I. If you like the idea, try it on about $.1.00 worth, for which find check enclosed. The libraries of the colleges are not used so much in a leisurely way as are the reading Department. rooms of the graduate clubs, so I don't re- gard them as so good a field. Also it occurred to me that a good place would be the chapter houses of the various college fraternities, for the same reason— reading rooms used in a leisurely and inti- mate way, and plenty of friends around for discussion and sustaining interest. * * * * Few advertisements published in Amerika Espcrantisto have attracted more attention than the one referred to in Mr. Dodd's letter. We request our subscribers who can afford to do so to subscribe for this magazine to be sent to their public libraries. For this pur- pose we not only give you half rates on the magazine, but send the library also a copy of The American Esperanto Book, best edition, at our own expense. * * * * Being quite human, the editors have a strong liking for letters of commenda- tion ; but having also an eye on ultimate success in business, they realize that criti- cism—sharp, direct, incisive criticism of the kind that riles a fellow—is worth more than any other sort of comment. There are plenty of deficiencies and faults in Amerika Espcrantisto which we are studying to remove. Perhaps there are others the publishers have failed to dis- cern, so blind is parental fondness. Write us about it—in short, crisp letters. Digitized by Google TAKING OVER "THE AMERICAN ESPERANTO JOURNAL" NECESSITATES SOME CHANGES Quite likely, most of the readers of The American Esperanto Journal were surprised to receive the April issue of the combined publication with only a few words of ex- planation regarding the change. That num- ber had been type-set and made into copper printing plates previous to April 1st, ami was withheld from the press while our Mr. Baker went to New York City and talked the deal over with their Mr. Travis. Then, with every page except the first in plates, came the letter from Mr. Twombly about Chautauqua. We decided to publish that, which left little space for this explanation. In the first place there are several thou- sands of our readers who doubtless have considered that, because Amerika Esperan- tisto kept up the loudest and most constant noise, it was the only Esperanto publication in America. As early as 1905, however. The American Esperanto Journal had been though of. as the future organ of the then very small American Esperanto Associa- tion. The plan was to name it The Ameri- can Esperantist. In October, 19(16, Amerika Esperantisto made its appearance, and, be- cause of the conllict of titles, the name of the association organ, the first number of which appeared in January, 1907, was changed to The American Esperanto Jour- nal. It was published for twelve numbers by the Association, and was then taken in hand by Messrs. D. H. Dodge and Ste- phen W. Travis, Jr., of New York and Brooklyn, respectively. The new manage- ment promised a program of sensational surprises, which materialized in two chap- ters; the first installment being the retire- ment of one of the publishers after sixty days, and the second being the absorption of the enterprise by this publication a few weeks later. The view of the publishers of this maga- zine is-that, in carrying out the subscrip- tion obligations of The American Esperanto Journal, we are conferring a favor upon the subscribers. Some forty or fifty of these were already subscribers of Amerika Es- perantisto. These will not be credited with the additional time on this magazine, but will be permitted to transfer their extra sub- scription to some other person, or to re- ceive two copies, if they prefer. These should all write us at once. As to the future program of this maga- zine, a few new features have been defi- nitely decided upon. Being now the only Esperanto publication in the United States, we are in a position to invite the co-opera- tion, not only of the various local and state clubs, but of the American Esperanto As- sociation. With this in view we shall de- vote at least a few pages each month to news and general information concerning the clubs. In addition to our regular sub- scription circulation, which has been break- ing records for increase with a frequency that is gratifying, Amerika Esperantisto is now handled by the news companies. To make cath number effective and drive home the Esperanto lesson to the thousands of casual buyers who will pick up the maga- zine on the news stands from either inter- est or curiosity, we shall, for an indefinite period, publish the grammar and vortaro in each issue. Another proposition which has been un- der consideration for months is the print- ing of a large part of the magazine in both English and Esperanto, parallel col- umns. We have received many complaints because this is not done, and possibly as many commendations for the same reason. We now invite letters from all our subscrib- ers on this subject, as you are the ones we wish to please. The probability, how- ever, is that our decision is already made, and that only a part of the contents will be thus doubled. Then there is the monthly story, omitted this time. We should like to continue that; however, all our calculations have been based upon 32 pages an issue. We can go over that number only with increased busi- ness. You see, the "fixed expenses" of a 64-page number are considerable in amount, but in order to give you double the number of pages at the same price it is only neces- sary that you double our circulation once more. You doubled it from January to March, and that was so kind of you that we doubled the size "for good." Now, if you will double our circulation once more, we'll double the size again. No promises beyond that. The fact is, all plans were made for a 64- page edition in April, based upon the record- breaking amount of business you sent us in February. But in March your enthusi- asm took a slump, which showed so plainly on our cash-book that it would have been unwise for us to carry out those plans. Now, in April, you are feeling better. You broke all records by sending us over 100 Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO subscribers on the 13th (unlucky?), and for • the week ending April 25th you broke all previous records for a week. Now we say to you just this: Keep up your enthusiasm. Send your own patronage always to us, and get your friends to do the same. Let the clubs seriously consider the special advant- ages we have to offer them. Rernember particularly that every dollar you spend with us is put to work at once turning the wheels in our big propaganda machine, grinding out more Esperantists. If you do this, and let May break April's record into a shapeless mass, you'll get the 64-page magazine "for keeps." Just try this, fellows and fellow-inoj. Last January, we said: "Give us two years, and we'll have here in America the biggest Esperanto pub- 1: cation in the world." You keep up the line of work you were doing in February and April, and it won't be all of one year. If you wanted to break a hole in an enemy's fortre.ss, would you divide your ammunition into half-charges, or would you put a double load into the most reliable cannon you had about the house and shut your eyes and stop yours ears and pull the trigger? BRIEF NOTES ON A VARIETY OF TOPICS Unua Legolibro.—This "First Reader" is beyond question the best little volume yet produced for practice reading by beginners. Perhaps not exactly small, though, as it has 179 pages. The first part of 138 pages is made up a la traditional school first reader in everything but the pictures, while the rest of the book is filled with a series of phrases and conversations about every-day affairs and a collection of models for cor- respondence on all sorts of topics. Many teachers are now using this book as the first supplement to the text books. We have a small stock of them on hand. Price, 55 cents, postpaid. No discount for quantity. An Esperanto Diary.—The publishers call it a "poskalendaro." It has in the first 100 or more pages an ordinary diary, with alter- nate pages blank for memoranda. The frontispiece is the same picture of Dr. Zamenhof that you have seen before. The book contains also the hymn "La Espero" with music, a brief catalogue of historic attempts to create a universal language from 1629 to the present time, some infor- mation about Dresden, the international money table arranged for various nations, a universal calendar, the Braille alphabet for Esperanto, and a list of Esperantist consulates, groups and societies which cor- respond in Esperanto, Esperanto hotels, restaurants, etc. The book is bound in limp cloth—green, of course (Why can't the binders, forget it once in a while?), has a pocket for papers and a holder for pencil. It is certainly as nearly worth the money as any book which we import. In fact, it is really worth more. Price postpaid, 30c. Only fifteen copies left. Kindly mention a substitute when you order, or say whether we shall send you one from Europe in case the fifteen are sold when your letter arrives. The diary is for 1908, and it is too late in the season to put in another stock. A New Deal in "Elements."—The latest edition of the propaganda pamphlet, "Ele- ments of Esperanto," has been printed on much lighter paper than we have used here- tofore. Somehow, it doesn't seem to have detracted anything from the appearance of the pamphlet, and makes it more convenient to handle and mail in a letter. Best of all, the postage and paper cost is greatly re- duced, and we are now selling it postpaid at 50 cents per hundred. All who have ordered recently at the former price of 85 cents have received 165 copies instead of 100. By the way, clubs which wish to print their own ad- dress, place of meeting, etc., on the "Ele- ments," may do so quite readily, using red ink and putting it right on the front page. Red will not obscure the black. The price by express is $3.00 per thousand, but clubs more than 1,500 miles from Chicago should have the shipments prepaid, at $1.60 per thousand. We still issue the pamphlet free to any person who will write us, enclosing a stamp for postage. We have several hun- dred copies of a typewritten and signed let- ter making this free offer, and will send you copies of it on your request, for pub- lication in the papers with which you have a "pull." When you write an article about Esperanto, don't forget that free informa- tion will be sent from this office to all who request it. Needed Manuscripts.—In the first place, don't send manuscripts to Amcrika Es- /•cranlistP which are not typewritten. A first-class article written in your very best hand-writing has no show at all nowadays on a respectable editorial table with a tenth- class one written according to the dictates of civilization. Yes. it is very old-fashioned, and they do so in Europe, and it is digni- fied, and it has personality about it, but sh-sh-sh—the printers can't read your writ- Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO ing, and the stenographer is busy, and the editor will be everlastingly hemstitched if he copies it—no sir-ee. But if you have a type-writrer and a little time and energy, you can do wonders for Esperanto by con- cocting manuscripts about the language, for publication in all sorts of papers. We want 'em for the medical press, the religious press, the labor papers, the socialist papers, the capitalist papers, the yellow papers, the big monthlies, the little weeklies, farm papers, familv papers, fraternal papers, and for American papers in foreign languages: German, French, Hungarian, Swedish, Nor- wegian, 'Bohemian, Polish, Italian and He- brew. First of all, send your manuscripts to the papers of which you are a subscriber, and to the editors you know. If they don't get published, send them to us, as we have an unceasing demand for manuscripts of all kinds. Most of these are from papers which do not pay. Some are from pub- lications which pay the top prices for good manuscripts. We will sell very few, and only the best, and will retain a 20 per cent commission for those we sell. The rest are given away for the good of the cause. Try your talent first on your local paper. THE TRIP TO DRESDEN. Mr. Sharon E. Brown, president of the Providence, R. I., Esperanto Society, 559 Broad street, wants the Esperantists of Amer- ica to prearrange the trip, so that all can join a party tour under the direction of some reg- ular tourist agency. The trip could, of course, be outlined to meet the desires of the majority. As a suggestion of what might be done Mr. Brown has sketched the following route: Sail from New York City July 28th, second cabin North German Lloyd S. S. Kaiser Wil- helm der Grosse, to London via Plymouth. London, August 3-7; Paris, 8-12; Cologne, 1.1; via "the Rhine to Rudisheim and Weisbaden, 14-15; Dresden, 16-23; Leipzig, 24-25; Berlin, 26-31. Sail September 1st from Bremen, due New York, September 8. Total duration, 42 days; price, $290. Mr. Brown will furnish, upon request, quotation for a part of this journey. Of course this matter will be fully presented at Chautauqua, but that may be rather late to arrange all details. Translations.—Some time ago it was re- quested that persons who are working on translations of any book should make the fact public, as otherwise some one else might take up the same work. Among the works which have been translated, wholly or in part, are: "A Millionaire of Rough and Ready." Steven- son ; translated by C. E. Randall. "The Scar- let Letter." W. B. Trcadwell, San Francisco. "Robinson Crusoe," R. W. Mason; "Die Elek- tronen Theorie," Roger P. Heller; "Columba," a novel from the French, by Benedict Papot; "Evangeline," by Rev. A. Krafft, and "Hia- watha," by Chas. E. Baker. This magazine will cheerfully make mention of any bona fide undertakings in the way of translation, and it is hoped that all who are doing work of this kind will not fail to make the fact known. ANOTHER ACCOUNT OF IT •The following lerter is from Dr. Wm. Gray Nowell, assistant secretary and first president of the American Esperanto Association: Amerika Esperantisto published in its March issue an account of the beginnings of Esperanto in America and elswhere which is highly interesting. It contains, however, one statement for which there is not the slightest foundation in fact. The Boston Esperanto Society, estab- lished on Fedruary 16, 1905, was not "during its first year a member of the British Esperanto Association ; " nor has it ever been a member of any national association other than the American Es- peranto Association. Moreover, most of organizers of the Boston Society got their own start in Esperanto from France and not from England. The American Esperanto Association was founded on March 16, 1905, by the nnited action of tha Boston Society, the Esperantaj Pioniroj (of the Perkins in- stitution for the Blind), and individual Esperantists from four other towns. A constitution was formed, adopted, prin- ted ; and officers were chosen, one of whom remained at his post three years, an indefatigable worker, the best pupil and the best man whom I have known in nearly three score years and ten. The American Esperanto Association at once began vigorous propaganda work; and it aided materially in the establishment of nearly all of the 50 local organizations which have affiliated with it: 5 in 1905 ; 18 in 1906 ; 21 in 1907 ; 6 (to date) in 1908. It has also helped to establish as many, if not more, local study groups, whose work it deems of the utmost importance. Esperantists who desire to rent cottages for the Chautauqua season may obtain full information as to rates and accommodations by writ- ing to Chautauqua Institution, Chau- tauqua, N. Y. Digitized by Google AMERIKA ESPERAN'TISTO Weisser Hirsch.—This is the name of the ''village," as they call it, where the Esper- antists are to meet before and after the congress at Dresden. The title-page of the booklet about it calls it an aerkuracloko. Why not a perbonaaerosanigejo. Or per- haps nobody is expected to pronounce the word but Germans, and anybody who can pronounce "untereinandermengen" at one mouthful will have no trouble with aerkur- acloko. Anyhow, not many Esperantists will go there solely for the air cure. Dr. Lahmann will see that they turn their thoughts to more material things. The Doctor (I fancy a portly old gentleman w-ith flowing whiskers, flashing diamonds, twinkling eyes and agile fingers)—the Doc- tor already has his name gilded on most of the show-windows of Weisser Hirsch. They advertise "Nutrosalpreparatojx de Dro. Lahmann" and again that housewifely ten- dency to make a long neat string of syll- ables. I can just see those "nutrosalprepar- ationetaregoj" hanging in festoons from the kitchen ceiling. But again, "Farado de Sinjora Vestaro lau Dro. Lahmann;" "Haroj frizitaj laŭ Dro. Lahmann," "Legombolilo de Dro. Lahmann," "Reformsuoj lau Dro. Lahmann;" "Malsanflegado laŭ Dro. Leh- mann;" "Librovendejo de Dro. Lahmann;" and the only photographer who advertises in the booklet lives on Lahmannstrasse! George Gabler advertises himself as a kales- posedanto without mentioning the Doctor, and Bernhard Lommatzsch promises to have a stock of vojagmemorigajoj without Dro. Lahmann's imprint. Really, it seems that Dro. Lahmann has arranged things so nicely at Wesser Hirsch that it will be rather rude not to be sick just a little bit when you go there. And if you love good Esperanto, then get a copy of the advance booklet about Weisser Hirsch, read it through, look at all the fearful word-combinations those Germans have devised, and you will certain- ly be as sick as politeness could require. The book has 52 pages, is illustrated, finely printed, and as an example of how not to write Esperanto would be rather hard to beat. Send an international coupon-re- sponse to pay the postage, to Dro. Schram, Standehaus, Dresden, Germany. The book is free. Foreign Journals.—We have some foreign Esperanto magazines "left over," and have made them up into sets of three each. One set, at 35c. contains a copy of Tra la Mondo Cermana Esperantisto. and one of some other publication. The other set, at 25c, contains a copy of Germana Esperantisto and one each of two others; or we can send you three Tra la Mondo. different issues, of course, three Germana Esperantisto and three of something else, for $1.00. Men- tion a substitute when you order, but if you order soon you're sure to get what you ask for. Says it Paid.—With his check for the May issue, one of our advertisers, who carries a quarter-page, says: "It isn't doing as well as I expected, but it is paying." Happy are those who don't expect too much from any- thing, and thrice happy are those who, with- out previous experience, can pick an adver- tising medium that PAYS! Hitting a Mark.—The setting of a new mark of efficiency or acquirement, and the striving to attain it, is three-fourths the pleasure of living. Whether we seek a new wife, an additional million dollars or just the price of a ham sandwich, the excitement fades with possession. At least, so say those who have acquired a wife and a mil- lion. Only eight months ago the editors of this magazine were engaged in a roman- tic and not at all uninteresting struggle to establish a regular schedule of visits to a certain restaurant at No. 45 Twelfth Street. How dim and hazy the distance into which such delights have passed. How little fun there is in missing your meals when you don't have to! The next mark, after that, was the day when we'd receive a hundred new subscriptions. It came much sooner than expected, and its name was Monday, April 13th. But it's hardly fair to count any Monday, because Monday is two days' mail, so let's set up the mark once more and work for a dav which shall, without any assistance from Sunday, bring in its own little bunch of 100 subscribers. Let some Esperanto club ring the bell with a special delivery letter enclosing an order for ninety- nine of them. It will help; and then, of those 4.960 premium books we told you about, there are 4.000 left. And you know, every time you spend three cents with us, one of those little copper Indians is made to carry a message about Esperanto to some- one else. That's a good thing to remember when you spend your Esperanto money. Like eating your pecans and planting them, too. IF you want to drive piling you use a pile-driver and not three gross of tack-hammers. Big tasks need good tools. If you want to accomplish big things for Esperanto, concen- trate your efforts with this magazine: tested vitality and a proven success. Digitized by Google CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING TXTE will print in this department little " * advertisements of any reputable business, requests for correspondence, etc. More than 25,000 people will read this page. If you have something to sell or trade, tell them about it. Kate per line, 10c flat; no discounts, and minimum charge 20c. Single line correspon- dence address, twice for 20c. International coupons or one-cent stamps. ONI enpresas en tiu 6i fako anoncetojn pri ia indaafero, petojn pri korespondado, kip. Fli multaj ol 25.000 homoj legos tiun Ci pagbn. Se vi havas ion, kion vi deziras aS vendi an doni interŝange, anoncu al ili pri gi. Po 20 spesdekoj por Ciu linio. Nenia rabato. La minimuma sumo, 40 Sd. Unu-linia adreso en fako de korespondado, du monatojnpor 4oSd. Kuponojn aŭ markojn. KLASIGITAJ ANONCETOJ KORESPONDADO La signo I* montras. kc oni deziras nur postkartojn ilus- triiaju; L, uur Icteroju; sen signo. Icteroju aO kartujn. USONO Sro. Leonard V. Barbre. Farmersburg. Indiana. Sro. J. L. Adams. 411 South C Street. Tacoma. Wash. Sro. M. E. Turner. Box 156, Yellow Springs, Ohio. Dro. A. W. Beach. Sheldon. Iowa. * Sino. E. M. Sterrett, 327 West Chestnut Street. Wash- ington. Pennsylvania. Sro. Leo J. Unruh, Pawnee Rock. Kansas. Sro. Marion Perm, 141 Pierce Street. West Lafayette, Ind. ? Sro. C. J. Esterly. 444 North 12th street. Reading, Pa. y Sro. C. R. Rings. Mi. Vernon. Washington. F F. H. Svoboda. Schuyler. Nebraska. ¥ William J. Smith. Osceola Mills. Pennsylvania. ^ I. H. Copeland. Box 106. St. Helens, Oregon. ^ Bert S. Loun. Cherry Creek. New York. f H L. Drake. 216 Pennsylvania Ave. Elmira, New York. y Paul Lessow. 470 Moss Ave.. Oakland. California. F* J. W. Dickinson. 1135 Fifth Street N. E.. Minneapolis. Minnesota H. Brink man. Red Cross Drue Co.. Archbold. Ohio. R. C. Bailey. Box 213. Belington. West Virginia. Pedor R. Sande. Underwood, Minnesota. 2, Dro. J. A. Hale, Lyerla Block, Alto Pass. Illinois. LWillard A. Grube, 154« West 54th St.. Seattle. Wash. E. F. Browne. 321 Washington St.. Portland, Oregon. Alfred Anderson. Hodges, Montana. Armonde Gill, Sheridan. Wyoming. P A. F. Korrek. 630 S. 14th St., Saginaw, Michigan. FREMDAJ LANDOJ G. E. F. Smith. Canadian Canners Limited, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Volas korespondi kun fHulandaj esperantistoj, aparte kun medicinistoj pri medicinaj demandoj. Sro. Perott. prez- idanto de la ruslanda societo "Esperanto," Sir. Simbir- skaja. 47. log. 9., St. Petersburg. t* W. W. Weaver, 102 Vito Cruz. Manila. P. I. P Pri la vivo kaj kutimoj de la amerikaj indianoj.—Emile Chibault, 8 Rue Cosprille. Orleans. France. Rudolf Riedl, obere Viaduktgasse 36, Vienna III, Austria, petas statistikon pri ĉiulandaj esperantistaj kluboj. P Armando Rabello, Rue Clara de BarrosE 1, E. do Riac- huelo, Rio de Janeiro.Brazil. PL Isao C. Saito, 120 Nishitobe, Yokahama, Japan. Carlos Charricr, Calle Zabala 77. Montevideo, Uruguay. Julius Boschan, Hybernergasse 40. Prague. Bohemia. Charles Roux. Greffier du Tribunal. PhilippeviUe. Algiers P Sro. W. Schafraad, Leenwarden, Holland. Nur bele koloritaj kartoj. P P. M. Sorensen, Jyllandsgate 37. Fredcricia, Denmark. Emanuel Batck. Ozek ap. Rokycany, Bohemia. G. Allard. Granda Holclo Coomans, Rotterdam, Holland. Pri ekskursoj al fremdaj landoj. Hugo Salokannel, Kymi. Finland. Pri kontraflalkoholisino P F. Ramos, Credit Lyonnaisc, Valencia. Spain. P E. Bigot. 20, rue de la Chancellerie, Versailles, France. P N. Moesgaard, 19 Kirkestrade, Koge, Denmark. E. C. Bluett. Walumba. N. S. W., Australia. Fno. C. Travers. Heathbeld.Davpy St.Hobart, Tasmania P S. Nicholl. 57. Gordon Road. Wanstead. Essex. England P Herbert R Booth, 14, Grosvenor Road, Rathmines, Dublin, Ireland. BOOKS AND MAGAZINES Venigu al vi senpagemian katalogon de maloftaj kaj inter- esaj libroj en la angla lingvo. Adreso: F.L. Coxa- stock, 1979 Fultoa Street, Brooklyn. N. Y., U S. A. Any subscriber who returns to us. with hit name and address written on front cover page, a copy of the March issue, will receive a credit of three months on his subscription. For a copy of December, 1906. we will give a credit of one year. For a copy of July, 1007, six months. We will sell a few odd copies as follows : October 1906 (first issuelsoc. Nov. '06. Jan. and Feb. '07 25c each; Aug. '07. 25c; Sept.. Oct., Nov., Dec. *o7. 10c; Jan. and March. '08, none. February, 10c; five or more copies at 5c. Cloth-bound Volume II. August'07 to January '08. one dollar postpaid. All orders subject to previous sale — Amekika Espeeahtistu. Try a Correspondence Card Burlington, Iowa, March 28, 1908. Dear Amekika Espekantisto: So soon I have received seven cards from Esperan- ists after placing my name in the correspondence depart- ment. Even if I get no more I shall think the money well spent. One little boy eleven years of age sent me a beau- tifully-written card in Esperanto. When little children and old people can learn it so easily, it speaks volumes for the 'kara lingvo " I hope to see Amekika E&pkkan- tisto with a million subscribers. I intend to keep sow- ing seed in this desert—perhaps some of it will sprout. Your friend. Route 2. Burlington. Ia. 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M wish to correspond by P picture post cards *4 ft L letters ft ft ft ft ft ft- ft (SKR1BU KLARE1 WRITE PLAINLY!] Address ft ft ft ft •ft ft ft ft ft ft ftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftft Digitized by Google New Premium Edition THE AMERICAN ESPERANTO BOOK A COMPENDIUM OF THE INTERNATIONAL AUXILIARY LANGUAGE ESPERANTO Notice—Thi» book it published for free circulation, one cop» being given with a yearly subscription to Anemic* Espehantisto To offer it for tele in any other manner would be an infringement of the publishers' copyright CHICAGO AMERICAN ESPERANTIST COMPANY IQOS it II '[ill ||| w |! I i— Exact size shown ; bible paper, paper cover ; total weight 4 oz. Sewed, opens flat, easily carried in pocket. Free with a yearly subscription to AMERIKA ESPERANTISTO. Same text as the ' cloth-bound book, less seven unimportant pages. See p. 2, cover. Digitized by Google The very best manual yet produced."-?** British Esperanto \ Digitized by Google